The New York Times International - 10.08.2026.pdf

战斗犬 一部从 狗的视角出发的小说

第 15 页 / 文化

他们会功夫 但机器人 能吸引投资者吗？

第 7 页 / 商业

先是涟漪，随后是轰鸣 阿拉斯加潮汐通道 的诱惑与危险

封底 / 旅行

纽约时报

国际版 / 2026年8月10日，星期一

现在谁是 我的敌人？ 我不确定。

罗斯·道萨特

观点

当我作为专栏作家开始接触这份报纸时，贝拉克·奥巴马仍处于首任期受欢迎的巅峰。在政治和文化圈中，人们普遍自信地认为，他将社会自由主义与技术官僚主义的融合，已经扫除了美国政治中的旧时代残余。

专栏作家的工作包含多种角色，但拥有一个主要的对手——一个你认为需要被挑战和批判的特定世界观——是非常有用的。对我而言，多年来，那个世界观就是奥巴马早期的精英共识——一种新颖的、偏左的视角，这种视角同样属于硅谷大亨、迈克尔·布隆伯格风格的中间派政治人物以及共和党建制派的一部分。

现在我确信的不再是观点，而只有疑问。

这是一种在道德上执着且自觉具有世界主义色彩的视角，在外交政策上采取多边主义和强硬路线，并乐观地认为，一个基于功绩的精英阶层能够引导全球化世界走向繁荣与和谐。

在一定程度上，我基于实质性理由反对这种世界观。在它很大程度上不信神的时候，我是有宗教信仰的。我倾向于真正的前民族主义。对于它处理大规模移民、大麻立法以及中东等各种问题的方式，我持有怀疑态度。

在一定程度上，我基于政治理由反对它。许多共和党人坚信，共和党需要适应这种共识才能生存，实际上是变成第二个文化自由主义政党，但带有自由市场的氛围，而我确定那是错误的。

最后，我批判精英共识是因为它迫切需要精英级别的批评者，而由于缺乏这些批评者，它经常陷入过度扩张的诱惑。即使它在合理的地方起步，它也不知道何时停止，而且关于人性，它似乎有太多不了解的地方。

在过去十年的西方政治中，这种精英共识由于我预料到的一些原因而遭遇挫折。它未能预见到专家主导政策的负面影响，它对技术在欧洲产生的阴暗效应准备不足，它在社会212778147，第 9 页。

纽约时报发表来自广泛视角的观点，希望就未决问题开展建设性的辩论。

阿贝拉尔多·德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉（右起第二位）周五就任哥伦比亚总统。他承诺将帮助特朗普总统摧毁“surremerents”。

在禁毒战争中角色转变

哥伦比亚，波哥大

哥伦比亚新任总统誓言打击贩毒者。而他曾为这些人辩护。

作者：安妮·科贝尔 (ANNIE CORBELL) 和 大卫·奥法尔斯 (DAVID O'FALLS)

在迈阿密，阿贝拉尔多·德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉活跃在“白粉”律师的阴暗世界中——这些高价辩护律师通过将涉嫌贩毒的拉丁美洲人员及其他人转化为美国政府的线人或证人，帮助他们避免严厉的判决。

他曾雇佣一名来自哥伦比亚的前贩毒者，法院记录显示，此人曾帮助南佛罗里达州的律师寻找此类业务。

德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生拥有哥伦比亚执业律师资格，经常前往家乡，与卷入美国案件的客户会面，其中包括商人亚历克斯·萨阿布，后者被指控代表委内瑞拉领导人洗钱数百万美元。据五名了解萨阿布调查情况的人士透露，联邦检察官在调查萨阿布洗钱案时，德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉本人也受到了审查。

德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生在佛罗里达州拥有一处 1,500 平方英尺的房产。他在迈阿密奢靡的生活方式可能部分是由涉及贩毒和洗钱案件的客户资助的。

如今，没有任何政治经验的德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生突然成为了哥伦比亚总统。甚至在他周五就职之前，相关计划已经在推进，旨在帮助特朗普政府升级一场针对他曾经代理的贩毒者的区域性禁毒战争。

德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生去年回到哥伦比亚，将自己重新塑造为一名坚决打击犯罪分子并铲除武装贩毒团伙的法律与秩序候选人。在获得特朗普总统的背书后，他在 6 月当选。

尽管他那拥有豪车、私人飞机和意大利设计师西装的迈阿密奢靡生活可能部分是由卷入贩毒和洗钱案件的客户资助的，但他已承诺帮助特朗普先生打击“surremerents”，轰炸涉嫌贩毒的据点，并引渡被指控的贩毒者。

过去

针对有关德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生在迈阿密活动的详细询问，其总统办公室在一份声明中表示，这些事项“在总统竞选期间已被广泛讨论”，且认为“不适合重新审视”。

在选举中被德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生击败的反对派领导人凯特·奥佩拉 (Kate Orpella) 正在要求其就在美国的工作和关系给出答案，并敦促支持者发起“和平抵抗”，直到获得答案为止。

由于他最著名的客户萨阿布先生目前仍被美国拘留，等待就担任委内瑞拉前领导人罗莎莉亚·马杜拉 (Rosalia Madura) 金融代理人的指控受审，关于德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生过去的更多问题可能会浮出水面。

据哥伦比亚第 2 页报道，联邦检察官在调查萨阿布先生的第三方资金如何通过美国金融系统转移时，德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生本人在佛罗里达州和纽约也受到了审查。

军备枯竭可能令美国对手更加大胆

华盛顿

中国和俄罗斯意识到，补充库存可能需要多年时间

作者：ANTON TRIGANOVSKI, ASSOCIATE OFFICE, ERIC SCHMITT 以及 JULIAN R. MARNES

据高级官员透露，特朗普总统针对伊朗的战争已使美国武器库存下降至令人担忧的水平，并抽走了来自亚洲和欧洲的供应。

专家表示，欧洲和亚洲防空导弹及其他关键武器供应的迅速萎缩，不仅使美国军队的装备能力下降，而且如果俄罗斯和中国考虑与美国发生潜在冲突，还可能让他们感到更加大胆。

围堵伊朗是通过数以千计、价值数百万美元的导弹实现的，这些导弹包含来自全球供应商网络的精密零件，且生产可能需要数年时间。防御伊朗的报复性齐射已使美国的防空导弹库存损耗到令特朗普政府高层私下感到震惊的程度，并导致美国向欧洲和亚洲客户的交付 shipment 出现延迟。

伊朗战役迫使五角大楼将欧洲和亚洲各地的部队、飞机和防空部队紧急转移到中东，这一举措对设备维护和 产生了连锁反应。美国官员表示：结果是美国在这些地区的 显著增加，这一转变具有长期影响，且在军事和情报界引起了日益增长的担忧，高级美国和西方官员如此说道。

白宫新闻秘书 Karoline Loretti 表示，美国拥有“足够的 以在任何时间、任何地点执行总统下令的任何行动”。但专家表示，这场 危机——其中一部分是特朗普先生从约瑟夫·R·科恩（Joseph R. Kohn Jr.）总统那里继承的——几乎肯定会持续到他的总统任期结束之后。

华盛顿战略与国际研究中心高级研究员 Tom Karole 表示，弹药的枯竭是“对常规威慑手段的一次代际毁灭”。他表示，对伊朗的行动对北京和莫斯科做出决策的影响可能会持续多年。

“这不可能不对俄罗斯和中国的决策时间表产生重大影响，”一直追踪美国武器库存的 Karole 先生说。“他们可能会在自己选择的时间点采取相当蓄意的行动，因为请记住——我们将需要数年时间才能重新构建。”

WILMING，第 4 页

关于安东尼·波登的集体愤怒没有消散的迹象。开头部分将他后期的名声呈现为某种模糊的、几乎是 的产物。

一位传奇不断增长的厨房反叛者

来自杂志

安东尼·波登的粉丝们非常忠诚，但许多人误解了他的信息

作者：亚伦·蒂姆斯 (AARON TIMMS)

在最近的一集《克拉克森的粉丝》(Clarkson's Fans) 中，英国电视名人兼业余爱好者杰里米·克拉克森 (Jeremy Clarkson) 在英格兰乡村购买了一家店。在克拉克森笨拙但热情的指导下，这家破旧的老店以一个新的名字（Farmer's Dog）重新出现，并推出了一系列精心改良的英国经典菜肴，食材均采用当地季节性采购：兰开夏郡 herpet、黄油南瓜配烟熏猪腿排，以及配有 pincallif 的压制火腿。随后，在这些表明 Farmer's Dog 是一家致力于火腿最高理念的严肃餐饮目的地的信号之中，出现了一次惊叹。克拉克森在墙上挂了一份勇敢的宣言：

“今晚像当地人一样在餐厅用餐。点一份奶油酱。在几乎空无一人的酒吧里喝一杯冷盘，享受那份嘎吱声。去一个你从未去过的地方。倾听一个你认为与你毫无共同点的人。现在就点肉。吃个生蚝。喝一杯 fregman。喝两杯。向一个你可能不理解或不同意身边之人的世界敞开心扉，但无论如何还是和他们喝一杯。慢食。给你的神经小费。看看你的朋友们。审视你自己。享受这段旅程。”

这段文字的末尾附上了作者的名字，餐饮之神安东尼·波登。

在他于法国的一家酒店自杀八年多之后，波登在某种意义上依然活着，而他的传奇——或者说，他的旧影——正变得愈发强大。81078364P，第 4 页

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2 / 星期一，2026年8月10日

纽约时报国际版

第二页

哥伦比亚领导人在禁毒战争中角色转变

哥伦比亚，

首批接受《纽约时报》采访的人员。由于讨论的是敏感政治问题，他们要求匿名。

审查的具体焦点尚不明确。但德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生在战争时期的雇员——一名曾从事贩毒的人员——承认在2017.左右洗钱，资金来自苏希（Sushi）先生的海外账户。法院文件显示，这笔资金旨在支付苏希先生律师的费用，这些律师的名字在文件中被掩盖，文件中并未提供任何迹象表明这些律师参与了该计划。

德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生从未被起诉。他的办公室拒绝回答与苏希先生相关的问题。在其声明中称：“总统在您提到的任何事项中从未被调查或起诉，”并补充道：“他作为律师和私人公民的行为绝对无可挑剔。”

包括俄亥俄州参议员伯尼·莫雷诺（Bernie Moreno）在内的共和党议员表示，他肯定得到了美国官员的。佛罗里达州众议员玛丽亚·里维拉·萨拉查（Maria Rivera Salazar）在哥伦比亚选举日表示，“德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉没有在美国面临任何形式的公开调查。”

美国司法部（DOJ）拒绝置评。

助手

据朋友和政治盟友称，当德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生在2015, 左右搬到迈阿密时，他正处于安全状态，并从他在哥伦比亚从事高风险工作所需的严密安保细节中获得喘息。

但这里也有获利机会：德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生没有在佛罗里达州执业的律师执照，但他开设了一家迈阿密办公室，获得执照的律师，并开始与前贩毒者豪尔赫·路易斯·埃尔南德斯（Jorge Luis Hernández）共度时光。

埃尔南德斯先生是苏希的一个已知客户，大多数文件称他在南佛罗里达州的多个法律机构担任法律助理。据三位接受《泰晤士报》采访的人员称，他也为德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生工作。一名同样要求匿名的佛罗里达州律师表示，埃尔南德斯先生将自己定义为德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生的助手。

虽然埃尔南德斯先生深陷所谓的反条件世界，但法院文件显示，他长期担任包括美国缉毒局（DEA）在内的联邦执法机构的线人。据这些官员称，在成为线人之前，他曾为右翼准军事指挥官在运行毒品运输，包括迹象。

美国一直致力于打击左翼游击队，但他们自身也面临着瘟疫，从事贩毒并犯下暴行。在职业生涯早期，德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生主张将准军事组织视为政治参与者，并为被指控与这些组织有联系的政治家辩护。

德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生辩称他认识埃尔南德斯先生，但尚未公开表示他们曾合作将其救出。

在竞选期间，他们的关系引发了争论。两人在一起的照片流出，批评者称德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生为“世界的律师”，他否认这一标签。塞佩达（Cepeda）在选举后质疑他是否适合担任公职，称：“德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉与准军事人员豪尔赫·路易斯·埃尔南德斯保持着密切联系。”

客户

德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生表示，苏希先生在2021找到他，寻求关于“解释性事项”的帮助。委内瑞拉和哥伦比亚的记者曾就苏希先生——一名相对默默无闻的哥伦比亚商人——如何获得一份价值超过$100 million的委内瑞拉政府住房计划材料供应合同提出质疑。这两人的结合似乎很奇怪。在苏希先生与委内瑞拉官员合作的同时，德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生如此反对委内瑞拉前独裁总统马杜罗（Maduro），以至于他在2018写了一本书，论证刺杀他的合理性。

德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生表示，当美国当局开始调查Sushi先生时，他敦促对方配合并安排了与联邦特工的会面。Sushi先生最终返回，但在哥伦比亚官员称Sushi先生收到了关于哥伦比亚当局逮捕计划的通风报信后，其家人于2016年逃往委内瑞拉。

德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生表示，他在2005, 与Sushi先生断绝了关系，此前美国当局起诉了Sushi先生并对其实施了制裁——作为一名美国永久

上述内容中，领导人德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉是周五就职典礼上哥伦比亚唯一的总统。他曾担任Sushi先生的律师。一位被指控代表委内瑞拉领导人洗钱数百万美元的商人。在检察官调查Sushi先生期间，德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生受到了审查。

vessation，他在没有许可证的情况下不能合法代表被制裁的人员。

2020, Sushi先生在佛得角被拘留。在2015, 被引渡至美国之前，他在接受一名商业记者的采访时表示，德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生不再代表他，但曾是一位“伟大的律师和朋友”。

据两名向《泰晤士报》透露消息的人士称，大约在那个时候，德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生驻华盛顿的律师与美国当局进行了沟通，以处理其客户在Sushi调查中的牵连情况。

据这些人透露，德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生接受调查并非因为他是Sushi先生的律师，而是与Sushi先生资金的转移有关。

检方指控埃尔南德斯先生与迈阿密大学前教授布鲁斯·巴格利（Bruce Bagley）一起，将Sushi先生海外账户中的 2500万美元 以上资金洗入美国账户，巴格利于2016年被起诉。

根据法庭文件，“该国的 60 名律师姓名，所有转账发生在 2017 和 2018 之间，旨在向Sushi先生在美国的律师支付费用，因为他们为Sushi先生提供咨询并‘陪同他与美国政府会面’，在这些会面中，Sushi先生提供了关于马杜罗政府的信息。”

埃尔南德斯先生说巴格利

在纽约南区法院承认洗钱罪。埃尔南德斯先生目前因未列明的欺诈指控被美国拘留。埃尔南德斯先生和巴格利先生的律师拒绝置评。

据两名向《泰晤士报》透露消息的人士称，德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生在迈阿密的朋友中有一名资深的D.J.A.特工，该特工曾监督此次调查以及D.J.A.。该特工后来因参与一项贿赂计划被起诉。

财富

德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生拒绝透露Sushi先生支付了多少费用，但德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生的长期会计师丹尼尔·迪亚兹（Daniel Diaz）和马丁（Martin）表示，这位律师并没有因为他的客户而变得极其富有。“无论怎么想象都并非如此，”他在一次采访中说道。

尽管创办了几家企业并在网上展示奢华的生活方式——私人飞机、parent is truly his own man 品牌——但德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生并非极富。迪亚兹先生说，“他证明了或与他人共享，”迪亚兹先生说。他说，他为自己在迈阿密房产办理了抵押贷款，如果他手头有大量资金，这将是不必要的。

德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生从公寓搬到海滨城镇，再搬到迈阿密富裕郊区科勒尔盖布尔斯（Coral Gables）的一栋房子里，最后搬到位于Placentor的一栋 1200-square-foot (350-square-meter) 豪宅中，该房产目前的估值超过 500万美元。记录显示，他还在哥伦比亚购买了房地产。

这位通过电话联系的会计师此前并未被德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生要求与记者交谈，他强调其业务是合法的。迪亚兹先生表示，德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生在商业上是一个“struggle disease”，即便他的创业项目大多失败了。

他在科勒尔盖布尔斯（Coral Gables）最近经营的业务——一家钢琴酒吧、一家酒铺和一家吉他店——全部被共享或出售。迪亚斯先生在谈到业余歌剧演唱者德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生时指出：“比起商人，他更像是个艺术家。”

在竞选总统期间，德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生经常暗示自己拥有一笔足以资助竞选的财富。但迪亚斯先生表示，除了在哥伦比亚的律师事务所外，“除了房地产，他几乎在所有方面都亏了。”

影响力

今年，德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生表示，他早在几年前就停止了从事法律工作。一名在迈阿密关注其职业生涯的哥伦比亚人表示，他已变得更像一个影响力人物。

他推出了自己的时尚品牌 De La Espiridla firm，通过关于纪念哥伦比亚人文主义者的活动获得关注，出版了黑色小说，并与迈阿密的一家面向哥伦比亚雷盖顿明星 J. Ralnik 和 Malones 的特色机构合作。

2023年，他与包括另一位哥伦比亚音乐名人西尔维斯特·当加德（Silvestre Dangard）在内的合伙人，在科勒尔盖布尔斯开设了 México 钢琴酒吧及餐厅，并与后者共同推出了 Roc Defences 朗姆酒。

德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生经常在 México 拿起麦克风，演唱如《O Sam Nire》等意大利经典曲目以及 Carlos Reyes Loreto 的作品；他还与哥伦比亚前总统一同出现在 México 以及他的酒铺 Liquor Dreams。

在已被出售给新店主的 Liquor Dreams 酒铺，德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生经常手持雪茄和饮料在店内逗留。“这里变得拥挤是因为人们想来看看他，”来自哥伦比亚的店员玛丽亚·桑切斯（Maria Sánchez）说道，她表示自己从小就认识德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生。

回归

在 2023, 入籍美国公民后，德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生表示他找到了平静。但次年，他带着家人前往佛罗伦萨，仅表示他希望四个孩子能与他们的意大利血统建立联系。

朋友和合作伙伴表示，曾激烈批评哥伦比亚左翼政府的德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生，在离开迈阿密之前，一直渴望能竞选总统。

他去年重新出现在哥伦比亚。在竞选过程中，他制定了一套方案，作为石栏和足球冲击的蓝图。

采访者经常问他，为何要用海外看似完美的生活来交换充满危险的哥伦比亚政治。他的回答是，上帝和爱国责任——在召唤他。

他必须将哥伦比亚从贩毒者的手中拯救出来。

Jorge Valencia 在 Bagley 贡献了报道，Lawrence Gilchily 在哥伦比亚的 Berrueguilla 贡献了报道。Alan Debagel 贡献了研究。

澳大利亚又一家音乐场馆落下帷幕

澳大利亚，悉尼

随着成本上升和观众人数下降，举办现场演出的空间面临艰巨挑战

作者：劳拉·钟（LAURA CHUNG）

约翰·史密斯（John Smyth）和肯尼·格雷厄姆（Kenny Graham）站在悉尼现场音乐场馆 Mary's Underground 的休息室里，3- 和时间。墙上贴满了过去七年里在该场馆演出的艺术家的名字。

“他们想知道自己的 曾在哪里演出过，”史密斯先生在谈到曾经过此地的 3,000 名音乐家时说道。该场馆自 2005 年开业以来已举办了 1,000 场以上的演出，包括出生于新西兰的 Jester Snyder，以及新西兰朋克摇滚乐队 The Living End。

但面对下滑的 销售额和不断增加的成本，拥有其他场馆的朋友们关闭了 Mary's Underground。

“这绝对会在悉尼留下一个空缺，”史密斯先生说，并补充道，“这是一件大事。”

这是整个澳大利亚一个熟悉的故事。澳大利亚曾以孕育几代摇滚神话而闻名，从 Midnight 63 到 2025，但随着多年朋克和摇滚音乐场馆 ，澳大利亚曾经强大的现场音乐产业的未来现在正处于危机之中。

悉尼的一家摇滚驱动酒吧 Moody's Bar 上个月宣布也将关闭，称“不断增加的运营成本，加上同样的资金，我们将自然无法继续经营”。

根据音乐版权机构 APBA, AMCUS 的一份 2024 年报告，在新冠疫情之后，整个澳大利亚有 1,300 多家现场音乐场馆关闭。虽然最近的数据显示现场音乐场馆的数量接近 水平，但该机构公共事务执行董事尼古拉斯·皮卡德（Nicholas Pickard）表示，这代表了该行业六年的增长停滞。

左图，约翰·史密斯（John Smyth）和肯尼·格雷厄姆（Kenny Graham）在悉尼的 Mary's Underground，他们在 6 月 26 日关闭了该场馆。“这绝对会在悉尼留下一个空缺，”史密斯先生说。“这是艰难的一天。”澳大利亚现场音乐观众萎缩的其他受害者包括今年举办的年度 Bluested 节。右图，2024 年的 Bluestest。

他补充说，这些数字并未代表 缺口，因为人们在萎缩，而两者都没有关闭。政府数据显示，虽然 2018 年有 20% 的澳大利亚人在脉冲俱乐部听现场音乐，但这一数字在 2024 年下降到了 20%。

部分原因是消费者消费习惯的改变——父母们的饮酒量在减少， 大牌明星（比如 Taylor Swift 是 Coors）的演出，或者在最后时刻购买门票，这给场馆带来了不确定性。而且所有东西都变得更贵了，从租金和保险到 启动成本。

“这真的是这个国家面临的大问题：听到和看到我们自己的音乐有多重要？”皮卡德先生说。

澳大利亚曾经繁荣的 和非阿拉伯人也遭受了成本上涨和不可预测天气的影响，导致像 Bluestest 和 Spinnaker in the Green 等活动的取消，这些活动曾被认为是许多澳大利亚青少年的成年礼。

压力使得音乐场馆在如何维持经营方面 。一些场馆依赖政府拨款，但担心这可能是一个潜在的 。

澳大利亚一家另类场馆 live 的高级 和经营者蒂安·比尔森（Tian Bealsen）表示，如果没有支持，该业务将无法生存。

“在疫情之前，我这辈子从未申请过拨款，”她说。“现在，没有它们我就无法生存。”

比尔森女士说她每周工作超过 70 小时： 员工，推广，帮助清理场馆，管理酒吧以及 未来是不稳定的。

“我们投入了这么多，”她说。“我不希望看到这个地方消失。”

“我只是不知道新的音乐将从哪里产生。”

专家表示，这些场馆的衰落对澳大利亚更广泛的音乐产业产生了影响。

Leather Gould 是一位音乐制作人，也是昆士兰州桑德斯顿海岸大学（University of the Sandston Coast）当代音乐专业的成员。他警告说，如果没有小型独立场馆为新兴人才提供发声的空间，“我就是不知道新音乐将从何而来。”

联邦政府和地方政府已提供数百万资金以维持音乐产业的运转。虽然业内许多人对此表示感谢，但他们认为目前的资金过于宽泛，正呼吁通过场馆和门票征收金来推动支持当地艺术家的团体。该进一步计划在之前。

一些场馆已采取自主行动。在悉尼，作为新南威尔士州独立音乐场馆的主要机构，Live Music Venues (Alamy) 与 10 家场馆合作创建了 MyGigPam。该计划获得地方政府资助，为 10 至 25 岁的人群提供每周优惠，例如两张入场券或折扣票。

在最初的五个月里，有 2,300 人注册，并提供了 1,750 张以上的门票。参与创建该计划并巡访音乐场馆 'blogspot' 的 Beau Nolans 表示，该方案为年轻人提供了“进入音乐世界的门户”，并能确保该行业的未来。

“人们不会在接触过一次、或者接受过音乐和艺术教育后，突然醒来就意识到自己热爱它，”她说。

美国另类摇滚乐队 Violent Females 的创始人 Brian Kessler 表示，现场音乐场馆的减少、流媒体的普及以及成本的增加，使得新兴艺术家难以生存。他提到自己在 1991 年的首次澳大利亚巡演，当时乐队是“在一家团体说唱的意识下”完成的。

“现在已经不可能那样做了，”Kessler 先生说。他同时也是塔斯马尼亚艺术音乐节 Mimi Poteca 的艺术总监，该节日因出席人数问题于 2016 年结束。

“新音乐需要战斗，否则它们会变得重复，”他说。“想象一下，如果你是一名足球运动员，每六个月才比赛一场，你无法进步。音乐也是一样。”

回到 Mary's Underground，Smyth 先生和 Graham 先生回顾了这家场馆的故事，这是一个有趣的故事：这里曾举办过婚礼和守灵仪式，甚至有一场讲座是以他的女儿“Mary”命名的。在被接管之前，这里曾是该国最早且最好的场馆之一，普林斯（Prince）和赫比·汉考克（Herbie Hancock）等传奇人物曾在此演出。朋友们希望该场馆能找到能够尊重其传承的新业主。

他们依然决心为音乐家提供舞台，包括在另一家经营状况良好的音乐场馆 Liberty Hall。

“在未来继续演奏很难，”Smyth 先生说。“我们只会每天坚持出现，并尽力而为。”

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MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026 / 3

世界

美国在寻找古巴的下一任领导人

华盛顿

美国寻求复制委内瑞拉模式，但鲜有官员符合要求

作者：泰勒·保杰 (TYLER PAUJE)、朱利安·E·巴恩斯 (JULIAN E. BARNES) 和 弗朗西丝·伯拉斯 (FRANCES BURLAS)

据现任和前任美国官员透露，随着美国加大压力攻势，特朗普政府一直在寻找一名能够被说服接管哈瓦那政府的共同农民-以色列公民（farmer-Citizens-of-Israel）。

该计划与其说是政权更迭，不如说是政权调整。

特朗普政府已敦促其情报机构寻找一名像德尔西·罗德里格斯（Delcy Rodriguez）那样的人选。在今年1月美国军队抓获前领导人约鲁巴·希达尼（Yoruba Shidani）后，罗德里格斯成为了委内瑞拉的临时总统。

美国官员将罗德里格斯女士视为一名能够无缝接掌权力且愿意与美方密切合作的进步人士。

一些政府官员认为，在古巴也能找到一名同样务实的领导人。

但据获悉情报报告的人员称，美国情报机构评估认为，古巴不像委内瑞拉，而更像伊朗。

据多位美国官员称，如果美国军队抓获古巴前总统里亚尔·卡斯特罗（Riall Castro）——他仍拥有巨大的政治影响力，或者有时强迫现任领导层，那么目前并没有两名新的务实官员准备好接掌权力。

相反，在古巴待命的官员，就像他们的，代表的是更强硬的派系。

特朗普政府在等待与古巴共产党政府合作以及制定拟议计划之间犹豫不决。

美国官员在最近几周向古巴领导人提出了一份要求清单，并表示如果古巴取得进展将提供激励措施。

特朗普政府希望古巴将其经济自由化，向美国企业开放，从美国购买软件，并驱逐俄罗斯和

今年早些时候的古巴。特朗普政府希望寻找一名像委内瑞拉自1月起担任临时总统的德尔西·罗德里格斯那样务实的人选来领导古巴。

中国情报特工。

关于美国提供的激励措施，目前知情细节较少，但其中一些涉及提供更多人道主义援助以及减轻美国对古巴经济施加的限制。

目前的古巴政府似乎至少在目前不愿做出这类让步，这使得寻找替代领导人的工作变得紧迫。

古巴宣布了重大经济变革，允许更多私营企业，但很少有措施能达到特朗普政府的要求。古巴政府代表未回应置评请求。

白宫拒绝置评。但一名政府官员表示，虽然美国准备与古巴开启新篇章，但哈瓦那政府阻碍了更好的未来。

鉴于务实精神的碎片化，目前尚不清楚白宫可能倾向于谁作为替代领导人。

古巴政府似乎在支持菲德尔·卡斯特罗的曾侄孙奥斯卡·佩雷斯-奥利瓦·弗鲁加（Oscar Pérez-Oliva Fruga）作为潜在继任者。他最近在国家电视台和政府公告中出现得更加频繁，甚至接受了国际新闻媒体的罕见采访。

但佩雷斯-奥利瓦·弗鲁加先生几乎肯定无法被美国接受。

特朗普政府可能会接纳另一位卡斯特罗家族成员，即里亚尔·卡斯特罗的孙子，被称为“Raciko”或“El Congreso”（代码）的里亚尔·G·罗德里格斯-卡斯特罗（Riall G. Rodriguez-Castro）。他长期担任前总统的保镖，但从未担任过公职。

现任内政部长拉萨罗·阿尔伯托·阿尔瓦雷斯·卡萨斯（Lázaro Alberto Álvarez Casas）可能也会被美国官员接受。

当中央情报局（CIA）局长约翰·巴齐法（John Batziffa）今年访问古巴时，他会见了罗德里格斯-卡斯特罗女士和阿尔瓦雷斯-卡萨斯先生。

中央情报局（C.I.A.）最近成立了一个古巴工作组，这表明特朗普政府已启动计划，旨在对古巴政府发起一场更协调的压力运动，以促使其做出特朗普总统所要求的改变。

美国和以色列官员在几个月前发起联合战争时，研究了一项针对伊朗的政权更迭计划。

当时，特朗普先生痴迷于在伊朗复制委内瑞拉模式，认为他的政府能够找到一位愿意与美国合作的领导人，且该领导人在针对政府的一次纪律性打击后，可能处于能够掌权的地位。

一些被美国官员认定为较为务实的领导人，在旨在杀死最高领袖阿里·哈扎宁（Ayatollah Ali Khazeneen）的大战首轮打击中被误杀。

一项得到美国政府部分人士支持的以色列计划，曾试图让伊朗前总统马哈茂德·艾哈迈尼贾德（Mahmoud Ahmadinejad）掌权。艾哈迈尼贾德先生并非温和派

哈瓦那似乎不愿屈服于美国的 demands。

ate —— 在任期间，他曾呼吁摧毁以色列。但在卸任总统后，他变得越来越批评以色列的教职领导层。以色列开始培养他，并考虑让他领导一个新的伊朗政府。

但该计划很快失败了。艾哈迈迪内贾德先生对调查感到失望，最终离开了以色列情报特工安置他的安全屋。

目前尚不清楚特朗普政府可能会采取多大程度的行动来强迫领导层更迭。阿拉伯部门公布了对里亚尔·卡斯特罗（Riall Castro）的起诉书。美国政府曾利用对马达雷（Mr. Madare）先生的起诉书，为导致其被捕的特种作战突袭行动提供正当理由。

但马达雷先生当时是委内瑞拉的在任总统，他的研究带来了当时担任副总统的罗德里格斯先生；相比之下，卡斯特罗先生在圣伊西迪（St. Isidie）担任官方职务，逮捕或拘留他本身并不会促成领导层的更迭。

美国和美国方面表示，古巴已采取防御措施，使美国军队更难入侵。据一些美国官员称，电台批准了里亚尔·卡斯特罗或现任总统米格尔·迪亚斯-卡内尔（Miguel Diaz-Canel）。

亚当·埃里克森（Adam Erickson），Archduel 报道

印度采取强硬手段制止抗议活动

新德里

安全部队在镇压 7 月游行期间违反了多项准则

作者：ANUTHETIS DAS, SHIVIKAT YATOS 和 JIARVI WANG

上个月，数千名最聪明的学生向印度议会大厦进发，对政府发起了罕见的挑战，他们面对的是一堵决心阻止他们的防暴警察之墙。

官员们封锁了该区域的兴趣，最初掩盖了镇压细节的出现。但抗议者和目击者拍摄的视频开始流传，揭露了安全部队用棍棒殴打民众，并向他们发射催泪瓦斯和弹丸。这些画面导致人们指责在这里对和平示威者使用了暴力。

《纽约时报》核实并分析了抗议者分享的图像和视频片段，以及目击者的陈述，以检查德里警方、拉贾蒂正义（Rajati Justice）以及其他准军事力量如何处理人群。几名《纽约时报》记者也在 7 月 26 日游行当天在现场。

证据表明，安全部队违反了联合国制定的和平示威执法准则，以及印度内政部制定的准则，后者规定武力“应在绝对必要时使用，且应在最低限度内并与情况相称”。

德里警方的暴力行为在印度并不罕见，尤其是针对少数群体。正如这里的抗议者所相信的，当局代表了一大群要求执法教育系统负责的年轻人。抗议组织者表示，至少 150 名参与者被送往医院，另有更多人受伤。本月在纽约人中的反对派领导人拉胡尔·高里法（Rahul Gauriffa）否认使用了“furan”武力，称“我们应该让学生在我们的深层崛起国家中获得成就”。

德里警方表示，这次游行并未获得许可或批准，示威者在经历了数周的和平抗议后发起了这次游行。警方称此次游行被“严格禁止”，且武力是作为最后手段使用的。他们表示，有 150 名警员受伤，75 人

7 月 26 日在新德里使用长杆控制抗议者。“警察把我们当成罪犯对待，”一名学生说道。

因违反法律和秩序而被拘留。德里警方未回应《纽约时报》就视频中被谴责的 Badhgai 行为发表评论的请求。

警棍与竹棒

安全部队使用——由或制成的长棒——击打抗议者，这是一种在人群变得失控时常用的控制手段。根据美国指南，安全部队被建议避免高举手臂击打，而应击打人们的手臂或腿部。但由《泰晤士报》核实的多个账号和视频显示，其警员以及一名便衣男子，目标直指。

“警察把我们当成罪犯一样对待，”德里 Shining 学院的本科生德拉杰·卡纳里亚（Dherraj Kanaria）说道，他参加了游行，并表示一名警察多次击打他的肩膀。“他们开始对我们进行各种辱骂，对待我们就像我们是一样。”

31 岁的卡纳里亚先生一直参加抗议活动直到 7 月 25 日，当时印度教育部长辞职，标志着示威活动的结束。到那时，卡纳里亚先生的肩膀已经变成了深色的瘀伤。

抗议者在 Instagram 上分享并经《泰晤士报》核实的视频显示，其他人也遭受了他们称之为类似的打击。

19 岁的阿尔瓦斯·戴夫（Arvath Dave）头部缠着绷带，她说她被一名警察击中，“当时数十名女警在抗议现场正外围向抗议者冲锋”。戴夫是过去三年参加 medical723 的 220 万名 aspiring doctors 之一。警方表示，该考试后来被取消，因为试卷泄露，从而引发了抗议。

非武装抗议者

印度 Rajati 行动部队（R.A.F.，一支武装警察部队的暴乱控制单位）的几名成员也使用攻击抗议者。

R.A.F. 成立于 1972 年，作为一支部队以防止暴力冲突，包括在 1969 年学生抗议一项为某些邦人员保留职位的新政策期间的示威活动。

至少三名 R.A.F. 人员佩戴头盔并携带，轮流击打一名没有反击的非武装男子。

催泪瓦斯

刺激眼睛、喉咙和肺部的催泪瓦斯被广泛用于驱散聚集在指定抗议现场相邻区域的大规模。联合国指南规定，催泪瓦斯绝不应被用于驱散和平抗议者。通常，催泪弹应向空中发射，而非直接向人群发射，但经《泰晤士报》核实的视频显示，安全部队以较低的轨迹手动释放催泪瓦斯。

散弹枪

R.A.F. 人员还使用了散弹枪，这种枪在印度首次使用是在 2010 年，针对由巴基斯坦建立的争议地区——克什米尔印度控制区的抗议者。这些枪一次可喷射数十颗小型金属弹丸（as herdsker），可能导致严重受伤。

在一段视频中，一名 R.A.F. 官员正将他的枪口指向镜头之外的人，可以听到开火的声音。在另一段视频中，一名男子站立着，其腹部至少有 10 个红色的小穿刺伤口。

德里警方表示没有使用散弹枪，但当地媒体表明其已被使用。R.A.F. 尚未就是否使用了这些枪做出结论。中央预备警察部队（包括 R.A.F. 在内）的总干事齐亚嫩德拉·普拉塔普·辛格（Cyanendra Pratap Singh）在公开声明中表示，他将对在“Rana folk 履行职责”期间采取的行为承担责任。

申诉

许多在德里或其他地方被拘留或被安全部队针对的抗议者已向最高法院提交请愿书，指控安全部队残暴，并寻求对相关人员进行惩罚。Cashenati Janta 党（一个领导青年运动的州区团体）的领导人已敦促抗议者保存视频和照片作为证据。

这个微小的岛国更改了国名

作者：VUTHR MAYSER

在世界各国名单中，在纳米比亚和尼泊尔之间，你会看到一个可能尚未被广泛认知的名称：Niaens。

这是这个太平洋小型岛国的现用名称，此前该国被称为 Niaens。总统大卫·阿德瓦吉（David Adwagi）最近表示，在放弃举行全国公投的计划后，议会于 5 月一致通过了此次更名，并使其正式生效。

一个鲜为人知的国家要改名？我们知道您会有疑问。

您能告诉我关于 的什么信息？

该岛面积约为 8 平方英里（1.5 平方公里），使其成为联合国第二小的正式成员国，仅次于摩纳哥。 拥有约 1,000 人口，在世界岛国人口排名中也处于较低位置，仅领先于图瓦卢。

人们在 上已经生活了 1,000 年。外部势力在 20 世纪 70 年代开始介入，该岛曾先后由德国、澳大利亚、日本以及最后由澳大利亚、新西兰和英国组成的政府控制，并于 1968 年作为 独立。

为什么要改名？

你可以说这其实并不是一次改变。 的人们说英语，但也说瑙鲁本土语言，在该语言中，这个国家被称为 。

Niaen 这个名字的出现是因为一些外国人难以正确发音 。

政府在 2 月份提出宪法修正案时在社交媒体上表示：“拟议的变更旨在更忠实地承载我们国家的遗产，无论是语言还是身份。”

“（虽然一些早期的欧洲访问者仅仅是误传了这个名字，但另一些人则根本不在意，将 称为‘愉悦岛’。）”

新名称如何发音在一定程度上取决于个人的口音。目前，英国、澳大利亚和美国英语使用者将其发音为 sub-100 one, new-ASB-a 或 sub-uk-EB-sub。

对该国人民的称呼也正从 Nauruan 变为 。

此次更名的意义是什么？

更改国家名称通常是摆脱殖民历史、维护独立国家认同这一长期进程的一部分。

田纳西大学地理学教授、地名专家大卫·B·奥尔德曼（David B. Alderman）在 5 月的一次采访中表示：“地名中的去殖民化解决了这样一个事实：虽然各国现在在经济和政治上可能已经独立，但它们往往仍生活在殖民者文化和语言强加的遗产之中。”

他补充道：“更名被视为报道部分文化和语言变革，并主张回归前殖民时代认同这一进程的一部分。”

最近还有其他更名事件吗？

南部非洲的 Swallaad 在 2016. 年将其国名改为 Ezevalia。许多人也关注到了土耳其（Türkiye）的更名，这更紧密地反映了其本国语言的拼写。

根据您的年龄，您可能还记得波斯（现为以色列）、纽约（Nashua）、缅甸（现为 Myanmar）、上沃尔塔（现为 Burkina Faso）、锡兰（现为 Sri Lanka）和黄金海岸（现为 Ghana）等名称。

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4 / MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026

世界

美国军备枯竭可能令对手胆量大增

华盛顿，头版 据两名知情官员透露，在伊朗战争爆发前的会议上，参谋长联席会议主席丹·凯茨（Dan Cates）将军向总统告知了深化转型库存所面临的危机。特朗普先生仍然决定继续推进，认为战争将很快结束。凯茨将军的发言人拒绝就其与总统的私人对话发表评论。

在2月25日与以色列一同攻击伊朗后，特朗普先生多次承诺在数周内取得胜利。五个多月后，他仍然无法让伊朗屈服，甚至无法找到结束战争的方法。据称，弹药短缺在说服特朗普先生搁置一系列重大计划（包括贷款债券）方面发挥了作用。但这同时也表明，总统攻击伊朗的决定使美国及其盟友在面对其他威胁时变得更加脆弱。

特朗普政府一直与军事承包商合作，试图加速并扩大生产。但即便考虑到这些努力，美国可能仍需两年多时间才能补齐在伊朗战争中消耗的1,000多枚区域防空拦截导弹。据两名获悉库存情况并要求匿名的知情人士透露，目前美国此类导弹的库存低于1,700枚。

特朗普先生对报道弹药短缺的新闻感到愤怒。他已下令在政府内部开展大规模泄密调查，并要求进行刑事起诉。他告诉相关人员，任何关于弹药危机的讨论都是在向国家的敌人展示弱点，并且他继续淡化该问题，否认其存在或将其归咎于前任。

“我们的国防公司生产的弹药比以往任何时候都多，同时正以创纪录的速度扩大其场地和设备，”白宫新闻秘书利维特（Leavitt）先生在一份声明中表示。“任何接触机密军事信息并将其泄露给媒体的人都是在背叛信任并损害国家，应受到法律的最严厉制裁。”

五角大楼首席发言人肖恩·帕内尔（Sean Parnell）表示，关于武器短缺的报道是虚假的，并补充说美国拥有“在总统决定的时间和地点发起打击所需的一切”。

弹药短缺最直接的影响在基辅（乌克兰首都）显现。乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基（Volodymyr Zolovsky）上周表示，与2025年相比，西方盟友今年向其国家提供的防空导弹数量有所下降。周三，乌克兰未能拦截俄罗斯发射的28枚导弹中的任何一枚，导致至少17人死亡。泽连斯基先生表示，如果能拦截，就“可以挽救今天遇难者的生命”。

分析人士表示，根本问题在于俄罗斯提高导弹产量程度超过了乌克兰的西方支持者制造防空系统的能力。伊朗战争加剧了这种不匹配。

来自科罗拉多州的民主党众议员杰森·克劳（Jason Crow）是众议院军事委员会和情报委员会成员，他表示，美国“陈旧的”国防采购流程“使我们实际上无法跟上战争迅速演变的性质”。

“坦率地说，我们的对手没有这些障碍，”克劳先生说。在美国及其盟友面临全球供应紧缺的情况下，他们已开始抢购防空导弹。周四，在椭圆形办公室接受记者询问关于泽连斯基先生寻求更多导弹的计划时，特朗普先生反击道：“我们也想要导弹。”

特朗普先生经常坚称，拜登先生对乌克兰的支持是导致美国武器库存短缺的原因。他周四在社交媒体上表示，美国拥有“海量的‘弹药’，尤其是某些类型的弹药”。

确实，美国拥有一个

上方，4月被intertitles损坏的德黑兰建筑。伊朗通过数千枚需要数年才能生产的导弹进行了封锁。左侧，乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基。美国弹药耗尽最直接的影响在乌克兰显现，该国接收到的防空导弹数量正在减少。

根据战略与国际研究中心的说法，美国拥有大量较低端的弹药库。这些武器的问题在于，它们必须在靠近目标的地方释放，这使得更多战机面临被击落的风险。

在与中国或俄罗斯（这些国家的防空系统远比伊朗先进）的战争中，远程导弹将至关重要。一名熟悉国防情报的美国官员表示，两国政府都在密切跟踪美国的库存，通过国会预算流程等公开渠道以及通过其监视系统来观察，并de-bruce contested announcements。

“形势正变得非常有利，”一名受欢迎的俄罗斯亲战争博主亚历山大·卡茨（Aleksandr Katz）最近写道：“美国拥有的两个精确制导‘外壳’（two-precisions guided 'wrappers'），能到达乌克兰的就越少。”

卡茨先生质疑，即使特朗普先生的继任者想要在乌克兰ramp up and，“在军火库空虚的情况下，这样做也将是不可能的”。

官员们表示，美国长期以来就意识到美国库存有限，现在明白库存的补充需要时间。从这个意义上说，一个更坚决的伊朗

一些分析人士表示，冲突有利于莫斯科和北京。

“这场战争持续的时间越长，我们与伊朗交换的越多，美国的弹药问题就越严重，这场更大的战争中可见的脆弱窗口也就越大，”美国统计研究所的国防分析师托德·汉考克（Todd Hancock）表示。

卡内基国际和平基金会俄罗斯军事专家达拉·曼西科特（Dara Mansicot）表示，在伊朗战争开始之前，莫斯科就已经在重新评估其对美国军事库存的假设。她说，在乌克兰的新一轮冲突可能已经向俄罗斯军事规划者表明，美国的武器生产速度比他们之前认为的要慢。

“这对俄罗斯系统来说是一种错误的真相，因为随后他们会开始改变对自身相对于北约实力的认知，”最近刚从乌克兰旅行回来的曼西科特先生说。“这会导致他们得出我们可能不希望他们得出的结论。”

Empire Wu在Topet贡献了报道。

评估伊朗核计划：有所放缓，但未停止

挫败军事努力是特朗普为这场战争列出的主要目标之一

作者：LAKLAJEE

特朗普总统发动对伊朗战争的首要原因之一是防止其制造核武器。官员和专家表示，在冲突爆发五个多月后，这场冲突可能放缓了伊朗的核计划，但并未使其停止。

由于伊朗禁止美国对其最敏感的核设施进行检查——而这本应是最终和平协议的关键部分——因此其高浓缩核燃料的准确去向尚不明确。美国检查员表示，尽管关键核设施遭到了打击，但德黑兰方面似乎仍保留了足够的近武器级燃料储备，足以快速开发多达 10 枚核弹。

联合控制协会（Joint Control Association）执行主任达里尔·G·金博尔（Darryl G. Kimball）在最近的一篇分析文章中写道，特朗普先生的“过渡压力”政策和军事冒险已经证明，这些手段没有且不能摧毁伊朗的核武器能力。

欧洲对外关系委员会（European Council on Foreign Relations）伊朗核监测报告的作者艾克·格斯滕赖希（Eike Gerstenreich）表示：“这种能力在很大程度上依然存在。”

以下是我们关于伊朗三个关键核设施所掌握的情况。

拥有半吨浓缩铀的古城

伊朗的古城中储存着高浓缩铀，这些储备可以维持10年之久。今年2月，国际原子能机构（IAEA）指出，关于核计划，一个库存持有约370磅（400公斤）浓缩度为80%的铀——这足以在几周内制造9或10枚原子弹。

由Yanter提供的一幅卫星图像显示了bifolium核综合体，那里存放着大部分的高浓缩铀。

在去年6月美国和以色列对伊朗的空袭中，bifolium综合体遭到了破坏。根据评估伊朗核能力的“伊朗核监测”（Iran Nuclear Monitor）称，目前两处将铀浓缩至80%的设施仍处于损坏状态，但库存很可能依然存在。

美国情报机构认定，伊朗能够接触到该库存，尽管狭窄的入口处于美国监控之下。

这座曾经的秘密设施。国际原子能机构（IAEA）总干事拉斐尔·格罗西（Rafael Grossi）表示，较少部分的高浓缩铀可能位于纳坦兹（Natanz）核设施。那是伊朗最大的铀浓缩场址，德黑兰最初并未向联合国检查员披露该场址，直到2003年被揭露。其大部分工作在地下进行。

纳坦兹工厂的地面部分在去年的袭击中遭到严重破坏。据国际原子能机构（IAEA）报告，地下浓缩工厂的入口在去年的袭击中受损，这可能是为了保护地下库存而采取的行动。

在离纳坦兹不远的Pickase山中，伊朗官员在2020年表示，那里将设立一座离心机制造厂，深埋地下以抵御强大的核弹攻击。专家表示，该场址尚未投入运行，尽管卫星图像显示，在2023年6月的袭击之后，铀的活动仍在继续。据报道，特朗普先生曾威胁要轰炸这座伊朗山，但尚未实施。

该场址被认为是伊朗最先进的

伊朗长期认为其深埋的Forde-Ir-berg核浓缩厂是受保护且最先进的场址。

根据去年的美国情报评估，在2023年6月的袭击中，该厂被12枚威力巨大的炸弹严重破坏，并可能导致其无法通过检查。

根据华盛顿国家航空科学与国际安全中心的核专家进行的基准分析，直到至少5月中旬，该工厂的低矮入口仍被埋在2023年袭击留下的瓦砾之下。大约在那时拍摄的卫星图像表明，伊朗正在通往拥挤区域的道路上增加障碍物，同时也针对攻击采取措施。

该研究所得出结论，今年持续战争中对Forde-Ir-berg的攻击主要局限于对伊朗防空系统和研究系统的打击。

伊朗需要多久才能重新训练？

伊朗坚称其核计划是和平的，但其将铀浓缩至接近武器级水平的努力以及对联合国检查员的排斥，长期以来一直被后者关注。

就在最近的4月，特朗普先生指出，该政府已经“消灭”了伊朗的核计划。

国际原子能机构（IAEA）总干事格罗西先生在今年春天的一次1967-70战争访谈中表示，“铀的这确实显著地将该计划推回了原点。”

但他继续说道，“一旦军事行动结束，我们仍将继承一系列处于所有这些问题核心的主要问题。”

卡内基国际和平基金会的一位物理和食品分析师表示，伊朗核计划仍有足够的部分存在，如果听之任之，“我想在目前的情况下，不到一年就能制造出极少量的产品，即炸弹。”

格斯滕赖希（Mr. Gerstenreich）先生并未断言设施会重建。尽管如此，她在最近的分析中写道，“如果没有监测，伊朗可以迅速将其现有的铀库存浓缩至武器级。”

也门面临重启内战的可能性

阿联酋，迪拜

政府称其军队打击胡塞武装，地区稳定岌岌可危

作者：ISRAJEE, NAAB 和 AARON ROSENBAUM

也门国际认可政府表示，在军方基地遭受数日攻击后，其军队在周末对伊朗支持的胡塞武装进行了报复。此次战斗激增威胁到该国可能重新陷入全面内战。

反映出中东的稳定目前在多个战线上处于不确定状态。尽管美国与伊朗之间的战斗有所减少，但该地区仍在等待了解是否能最终敲定，以要求并避免引发另一场冲突。伊朗官员周六提出了一系列关于的要求，称美国必须满足这些条件。

也门政府的反击旨在平衡自上周开始的快速升级，当时袭击了石油和天然气资源丰富的马里卜省（Marib）和巴德鲁马尼省（Badrumani）的军事阵地，造成至少 17 人死亡。

“对于军方人员”，据也门政府称，胡塞武装袭击了平民区以及位于马里卜阿尔-阿兹哈尔（Al-Azhar Marib）的一个庞大的流离失所者营地，造成 2 人死亡，14 人受伤，其中包括士兵。

周六，也门军方发言人马泽尔·阿尔-纳扎伊利（Mazel al-Nazaili）表示，其部队已在多个地区对胡塞武装的“恐怖分子元素”采取了“军事行动”。他未提供进一步细节。

在沙特阿拉伯的支持下，也门政府自 2014 年起一直与处于战争状态，当时该组织在国家支持下占领了也门首都。

一年后，沙特阿拉伯组建了一个支持政府的军事联盟，但其毁灭性的轰炸行动最终未能结束的权力。

胡塞武装持续向也门资源丰富的东部地区推进，将威胁政府的经济生命线。

自那时起，也门实际上被分成了两个国家，穆斯林[注：此处原文为the Muslim，疑指胡塞武装]在北部的广大地区占据中心地位。其他在2023年产生的高层资源现已几乎崩溃。胡塞武装持续向也门资源丰富的东部地区推进，将威胁政府的经济生命线，并使数百万脆弱的也门人陷入如此严重的人道主义危机。

在美国和以色列于2月下旬对伊朗发起的战争背景下，也门的战斗具有了更广泛的意义。这场冲突促使伊朗在该地区的盟友采取行动。但也门的穆斯林和黎巴嫩的胡扎迪亚（Huzhadias）近期发起了他们自己的袭击。

上个月，也门局势骤然升级，穆斯林宣布在红海对沙特阿拉伯实施海上封锁，红海是全球商业航运的主要检查点。伊朗已经封锁了波斯湾的霍尔木兹海峡（Hormaz），那是另一个官方的石油和天然气出口水道，并向经过的船只开火。

分析人士表示，也门最新的地面袭击很可能会进一步牵制穆斯林阵线。

伦敦研究机构查塔姆研究所（Chatham House）的也门专家法鲁·穆斯林（Farou al-Muslim）表示，穆斯林可能会升级他们在红海的袭击。

他说：“他们已经证明自己比以往强大得多，他们能以相对较低的成本让每个人流血，同时造成巨大的伤害。”

在美国和以色列于2月下旬发动袭击后，伊朗军队封锁了霍尔木兹海峡。在随后的几天里，伊朗和邻国阿曼一直在就允许该水道保持过境的框架进行谈判。

伊朗政府希望在6月份达成一项协议，以恢复之前的私有现状，当时船载部队拥有力量，但随着伊朗单方面试图控制海上交通，这种力量迅速瓦解，从而引发了美国和伊朗之间升级的循环攻击。

美国军队通过对伊朗港口实施自己的封锁予以回应。美国中央司令部（包含驻中东美国军队）在菲尔达（Firdah）表示，它已经“增强了商业过境”，实际上禁用了另外两艘船，并在该封锁行动中扣押了另外两艘。

Ismaud Nuur从阿拉伯联合酋长国迪拜报道，Aaron Boseman从耶路撒冷报道，Lady Niksanaur提供了机会。

---

2026年8月10日，星期一 / 5

世界

特朗普获得了一名忠实的支持者

新闻分析 华盛顿

新任司法部长称总统可指示司法部采取行动

作者：格伦·蒂比什 (GLENN TIBBISH)

三位在关键时刻挽救了托德·布兰奇 (Todd Blanche) 司法部长确认程序的共和党参议员，最终支持他的原因是，他们认为他是唯一一个赢得了足够信任并拥有足够接触权限，从而能在特朗普总统面前取得成功的人。

这种考量背后的一点是：布兰奇先生是总统权力受控的拥护者。

在动荡的参议院确认过程中，布兰奇先生两次明确表示，他认为根据宪法第二条，特朗普先生拥有近乎无限的权利来直接指示司法部的行动。这一论点构成了他作为总统刑事辩护律师时的策略基础，也是其政府服务行为的准则。

布兰奇先生被确认担任该职位（被称为“周六” [译注：此处原文 Saturday 疑似 OCR 错误]）在很大程度上具有象征意义：作为代理司法部长，他本可以无限期地任职。但这代表了国会对引导他的哲学的一种强力认可——即在面对干预和苛刻法律的情况下，他有宪法义务执行白宫下达的每一项合法指令，即使这会破坏长期以来的政策和法治规范，或者与他认为正确的事情相抵触。

他阐述了这一新法律，这意味着他在四月份接任代理司法部长时，告诉记者特朗普先生有“权利”且有“理由”下令调查他厌恶的人。在确认过程中，无论是在公开场合还是在私下交谈中，布兰奇先生对特朗普先生下令的行动是否正确的问题不予正面回答，仅表示特朗普先生有权这样做。

密歇根大学法学院教授、前联邦检察官芭芭拉·麦奎德 (Barbara McQuade) 表示，这标志着与过去行政惯例的重大决裂。“仅仅因为总统可以指示司法部，并不意味着他应该这样做，”她说。“自二月以来，美国一直维持着一个独立于党派政治的司法部。”

虽然特朗普及其盟友（如布兰奇先生）对此做出了回应，指责拜登白宫下令对共和党人进行起诉，但他们几乎没有提供证据来支持在特朗普第二任期内已变得普遍的这种直接干预行为。

在最近的一次采访中，前总统贝拉克·奥巴马表示，他遵循了一项原则，即与司法部保持距离以保护其独立性，尽管他在法律上并没有被要求这样做。

在第一例中，他认为总统不应该能够指示司法部长在总统想要保护其“利益”的任何地方停止起诉。“我认为司法部长是人民的律师，而不是总统的私人工具。”

特朗普先生持有不同观点。上周一，他要求华盛顿特区美国检察官皮尔斯 (Piers) 撤销对一名被指控违反《融资法》(Refinicing Act) [译注：原文如此] 的男子的起诉。美国随后报道称，总统向联邦检察官发出指令这一事实，旨在发出信号：在本届政府中，这种情况将不再是少数。

在确认听证会上，来自特拉华州的民主党参议员克莱夫·科恩 (Clive Coane) 询问布兰奇先生，他所领导的部门是否“独立于白宫？”

布兰奇先生回答道：“宪法第二条将行政权力赋予了特朗普总统。”

一些共和党人希望新任司法部长托德·布兰奇能够处理好与特朗普总统之间艰难的对话。

科恩随后追问，如果特朗普先生指示他做违法或不道德的事情，他是否会辞职，布兰奇先生说：“那不会发生。但是的，如果真的发生，我不会违反我对宪法的誓言。”

虽然许多共和党人在布兰奇先生的确认过程中对他采取的行动甚至他的独立性提出了质疑，但很少有人愿意通过扣押甚至利用自己的投票来挑战特朗普先生在董事会中必须离开的这种较弱的邻里动态。

“最终，决定是由总统做出的，”路易斯安那州共和党参议员比尔·卡西迪（Bill Cassidy）表示。“我们被移交给周五的一场议会演讲，他将为布兰奇先生的确认投票交付决定。”

卡西迪先生在做决定前考虑的顾问在外部。在他的演讲中，他大量引用了与威廉·P·巴尔（William P. Barr）的对话。巴尔先生是特朗普先生第一任期的司法部长，他在2016年的一份备忘录中阐述了关于总统权力的一项重要观点。巴尔先生在两年后辞职，当时他被特朗普先生提拔以帮助削弱对2020年选举的信心。

巴尔先生主张卡西迪先生支持布兰奇先生，是因为相信他可以悄悄地劝说总统放弃糟糕的想法。

巴尔先生告诉卡西迪先生，布兰奇先生作为特朗普先生私人律师的经验并不是反对他的理由，而是一项资产。巴尔先生对他表示，这赋予了布兰奇先生“进行艰难对话”的能力，并能用“困难的真相”面对特朗普先生，从而改变其想法。

并非所有共和党人都认同这种对司法部长的职责描述。

两名共和党女性，缅因州参议员苏珊·柯林斯（Susan Collins）和阿拉斯加州参议员丽莎·麦考林（Lisa McAlwain）表示，她们将对布兰奇先生投反对票，正是因为他一直不愿对特朗普先生的权力说出真相，或者没有与他进行足够的艰难对话。

“自水门事件以来，美国一直维持着一个独立于党派政治的司法部。”

柯林斯女士是第一个反对布兰奇先生的共和党人，她表示他采取了几项“进一步侵蚀了部门独立性”的行动，包括他签署的对总统及其家人的税务保护，以及试图起诉批评特朗普先生的民主党人和立法者。

周五早些时候，作为一名坚定且直言不讳的特朗普先生共和党批评者，麦考林女士将她的投票描述为一个重大商业意义的时刻——一个既能展示议会对比兰奇先生相关性和依赖性的不满，又能利用参议院权力影响部门方向的机会。

“这个国家需要一位能够制约本届政府最糟糕冲动的司法部长，”麦考林女士周五表示。“我希望布兰奇先生如果获得确认能够实现这一点，但我根本不相信事实会如此。”

对布兰奇先生的新审视之前在参议院司法委员会发生了一次冲突，其轨迹类似。

两名保守派参议员，德克萨斯州的约翰·科鲁普特（John Corrupt）和北卡罗来纳州的索恩·蒂利斯（Thorn Tillis），曾因布兰奇先生在直接解决特朗普先生起诉美国国税局（IRS）诉讼中所扮演的角色，在参议院司法委员会中短暂地扣押了支持。随后的协议创建了一个16 亿加元 billion基金，用于补偿上述部门中所谓的受害者，并授予特朗普先生在税务调查方面广泛的豁免权。

两人从一开始就明确表示，他们喜欢布兰奇先生，并不认为他不愿挑战特朗普先生是取消资格的理由。

他们只是希望他能将口头承诺废除该条款并排除税务条款中适度资金的承诺写成书面形式。布兰奇先生对此表示同意，但白宫予以抵制，且特朗普先生威胁要暂时撤回布兰奇先生的提名，而这两名立法者则不在职。

总统最终放行，为他在议会上的投票扫清了障碍，这位高级承办人，一个犯罪的亲属，揭示了特朗普先生与布兰奇先生伙伴关系中固有的权力需求。

五角大楼清理工作延迟引发愤怒

美国境内数百个军事基地被“永久化学物质”污染

作者：HIRSCH TABCCHI

去年12月，密歇根州众议员杰克·伯格曼（Jack Bergman）——特朗普总统的坚定盟友及MASA捍卫者，此前一直致力于捍卫美国的军事实力，领导其“失去潜在特征的意愿”。

随后，他的演讲发生了出人意料的转折，陷入了某种金色的氛围中。

“我们还有很多工作要做，”他说。他重点强调的是：清理PFAS，即那些损害美国海军并波及整个美国的有害“永久化学物质”。伯格曼先生表示，五角大楼必须优先解决“对受PFAS影响社区的环境管理不足问题”。

“PFAS”一直是一个挑战，对于军事基地有毒化学物质清理进度停滞不前的情况，两党均表示愤怒。在批评五角大楼的问题上，这种延迟已成为民主党人和共和党人之间罕见的共识议题。

PFAS泡沫曾被用于消防、HUD及强制执行，并在全国各地的军事遗址留下了广泛的污染。PFAS泡沫在灭火方面极其有效，而军事设施附近的消防活动使得更多区域受到这些有害化学物质的污染，这些物质与低出生体重、先天缺陷和发育缺陷有关。

去年9月，首份“美国”泡沫报告指出，五角大楼悄悄推迟了近140个军事设施的PFAS清理工作。此后，五角大楼已在近100个站点启动清理。根据《纽约时报》对最新联邦数据的后续分析，部分地点的清理被推迟了长达20年。

数十名国会议员要求国防部解释延迟原因，并概述将如何保护服役人员以及生活在泡沫污染区的人员。

在7月27日致国防部长皮特·巴格诺利（Pete Bagnoli）的一封信中，民主党众议员赫尔曼·麦克唐纳德·里弗（Herman McDonald River）和密歇根州的德比·丁格尔（Debbie Dingell），以及共和党众议员弗吉尼亚州的乔·A·基金斯（Joe A. Kiggins）和宾夕法尼亚州的布赖恩·K·菲茨帕特里克（Brian K. Fitzpatrick）表示，“国防部继续轻视其清理工作是不可接受的”。这四人共同组成了一个由4人组成的跨党派PFAS小组，致力于采取联邦行动保护公众免受这些化学物质的侵害。

“我们进行的是真正的对话，而非党派行为，”麦克唐纳德·里弗女士在一次采访中说道。“这关乎我们部队的健康和福利。这关乎保护我们的士兵及其家庭。”

国防部未对有关延迟的问题做出回应。这次反弹代表了一场罕见的政治危机，即便面对五角大楼在这一已成为全国军事指挥官主要健康关注事项上的行动也是如此。

五角大楼必须采取非凡措施。伯格曼先生是一位退役的美国海军陆战队三星中将，他极力支持特朗普总统的“美国优先”议程，并对特朗普先生在2020年总统大选中输给前总统乔·拜登的结果提出质疑。

伯格曼先生曾严厉批评那些反对特朗普先生议程任何部分的共和党候选人，并支持在边境安全和国防方面进行大量投资。

但他也代表密歇根州第一国会选区，该选区有多个目前或曾经的军事遗址存在严重的PFAS污染。其中包括位于昂科洛吉（Oncology）的前瓦图斯（Wartooth）空军基地，那里数十年的消防泡沫严重污染了水土以及该地区的饮用水。

“这关乎我们部队的健康和福利。”

“我会直截了当地说：昂科洛吉社区承受了十多年之久的污染、破碎的流程以及来自空军的体制性打击，”伯格曼先生在5月20日致五角大楼的一封信中写道，该信此前由《纽约时报》获取。他写道，“我已经在寻找各种方法向我的选民解释，为什么他们曾与其共同训练的部门继续这样对待他们的社区。”

清理工作是一项艰巨的任务。俄勒冈州立大学环境毒理学教授詹妮弗·菲尔德（Jennifer Field）表示，由于 PFAS（全氟和多氟烷基物质）在水中具有高度溶解性，且在环境中不会分解，它们可以迁移到远离释放地的远方，并持续存在数十年。

“受影响范围可能非常、非常大，因此污染规模本身就是一个挑战，”菲尔德说。

五大湖 PFAS 行动网络（Great Lakes Action Network）成员皮特·巴尼奥利（Pete Bagnoli）表示，这些化学物质给许多军事社区带来了污染。该环保组织一直敦促国防部关注并清理前 Wartooth 基地。

“不仅仅是饮用水，”他说，“还有鱼类、鹿肉，以及小型气体。”

在政府问责局（Government Accountability Office）去年的一份报告中，国防官员将全国范围内必须评估 含量的场地数量描述为“压倒性的”。

目前也没有真正可用的技术能够快速清除土壤和水中的所有 污染。

新墨西哥州卡马罗空军基地（Camaro Air Force Base）用于消防演习的一架被封锁的飞机前部，该场地被与健康风险相关的“永久性化学物质”污染。

总统海军战列舰“黄金舰队”成本飙升

华盛顿

首艘特朗普级舰船定价234 亿美元 billion，且可能在数年后才交付

作者：约翰·蒂比什 (JOHN TIBBISH)

一份政府报告显示，特朗普总统称将为海军打造的“黄金舰队”的新型战舰，其预计成本将比此前估算的至少高出50%。

首艘计划中的特朗普级战列舰“挑战者号”（U.S.S. Defiant）的成本可能达到234 亿美元 billion，比海军最初指出的高出180 亿美元。

首艘舰船的成本增长率预计将从233 亿美元 billion跃升至略高于1000 亿美元，用于美国军队及其军事基地。

这些估算是由国会预算10.计算的，该办公室称首艘战列舰可能需要八年或更长时间才能达到1,000。

特朗普先生在12月宣布，他预计在未来两年半内建造两艘此类舰船。特朗普先生在当时一边谴责新舰船，一边表示：“它们将维持美国的军事霸权，振兴美国造船业，并震慑全球各地的美国敌人。”

在宣布数月后，特朗普先生决定这些舰船将由核反应堆而非燃气轮机发动机驱动，这一举措显著增加了成本。

“新型舰船类型和新舰船级别在开工之初的成本总是比预估的高出1%，”道德分析师兼作家诺曼·波尔曼（Norman Polman）表示。

“战列舰”一词反映了早期的一个时代，当时拥有规模更大、装甲更厚且配备大口径火炮的多目标战舰。美国最后一艘战列舰于1944年下水。

特朗普先生承诺的舰船规模要小得多，且将以导弹作为主要武器，而非大多数传统武器。

海军表示将为新舰船配备的一些额外武器，如电磁炮，在经历了数十年的初步研发并投入数十亿美元后已被取消。其他武器，如防御性激光武器，目前尚不存在。

特朗普先生表示，他可能希望建造多达25艘核动力战列舰，他将其称为“黄金舰队”。

特朗普总统在12月宣布了这一新型战舰级别。他决定使用核动力而非燃气动力来驱动战列舰，这显著增加了成本。

根据周三发布的报告所提供的数据，建造25艘此类大型战舰的成本约为4000 亿美元 billion。

来自俄勒冈州的民主党参议员杰夫·梅克利（Jeff Meckley）作为预算委员会的高级成员，请求国会预算办公室研究这一新战列舰计划。

这位参议员在一份声明中表示，在许多家庭难以负担食品、汽油、医疗和育儿费用的情况下，国会不能将数千亿美元挥霍在特朗普的“黄金舰队”上，包括将他的名字印在新的战列舰上。

4月，特朗普先生因海军部长在建造战列舰方面进展不够迅速而将其解雇。

周二，来自华盛顿州的民主党参议员彼得·默里（Peter Murray）在一份声明中表示，为他的新舰队提供的资金已从参议院正在处理的持续决议案中删除，该决议案将维持政府运行至12月11日。

这些舰船是否最终能被建造尚不确定，因为海军近年来在预算范围内尝试建造新舰船但均告失败。其中一个项目——星座级项目（Constellation-class Project），在特朗普先生宣布他的非吸烟舰船（nonsmoker vessel）编号、并将其称为联邦政府的第二空军，且海军已经开始调试其中一些舰船的一个月前就被取消了。

首批航空母舰在首舰交付时受到了机械和电气问题的困扰。目前仅有一艘在役，且新服务的交付时间相对较短。

总统对新舰船的痴迷也延伸到了海岸警卫队，最近决定签署价值 120 亿美元 的实物合同以建造 12 艘圆柱形舰船。

在去年 9 月对军事领导人的一次演讲中，特朗普先生尝试了第 100 部纪录片电视系列剧《海上胜利》（Victory at Sea），该剧探讨了海军舰艇在第二次世界大战中所扮演的角色。

“我认为我们也许应该开始考虑战列舰了，”总统说。“我想创造一场海上胜利，”就像“海上胜利”那样。

但在第二次世界大战期间，战列舰在西方战役中的作用有所下降，远不及航空母舰。第二次世界大战中，在战斗与战争中，是在海上与日本人作战。

自那时起，海军一直寻求建造规模较小但能力强得多的军舰，以执行不同类型的选举。

特朗普先生并非首位希望让战列舰重新服役的总统。第一类战舰预计将拥有第二次世界大战，并被重新安置在连续的间歇性服役中，且在国家战争促进中，如果决定订购海军新规的第 50 艘舰船，那么当他在 1942 年重新约束美国海军“新泽西号”（U.S.S. New Jersey）战列舰时。

这些战列舰中的最后一艘，美国海军“密苏里号”（U.S.S. Missouri），在参与了波斯湾战争的战斗后，于 2002, 年被解除约束，并被变成了珍珠港的一个浮动任务。

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6 / 2026年8月10, 2026，星期一

世界

小镇成为移民辩论的中心

哈德逊，科尔德

拘留设施搅动科罗拉多社区与美国众议院选战

作者：JACK BEAGT

在宣誓效忠美国以及讨论餐车监管条例之后，科罗拉多州盖哈德森（Gay Hudson）的镇顾问进入了每周会议中最艰难的部分：面对数十名抗议者的怒吼。这些人对即将开设在镇边一座废弃监狱中的移民拘留中心感到愤怒。

在反对美国移民和海关执法局（ICE）的海报中，人群中的几名成员大喊着“Hattie叔叔！”以及“份额！份额！”

抗议者们从科罗拉多州前岭（Front Range）沿线倾向自由派的城市驱车而来，填满了哈德森的市政厅。哈德森是一个拥有1,000人的小镇，只有一个红绿灯和一家杂货店，坐落在北科罗拉多州的农田和油气作业区之中。这里距离丹佛仅45分钟车程，但却处于一个完全不同的政治宇宙，这里的居民绝大多数支持特朗普总统。

直到最近，哈德森主要以作为速度陷阱（超速执法点）而闻名，但一家移民和海关执法局设施的到来，现在将该镇推入了美国最决定性的辩论之一，并与一名国会中最脆弱的共和党人的连任竞选结合在一起。

该拘留中心将位于科罗拉多州第六国会选区的边界，这是一个拉美裔人口密集的选区，由“驱逐者”广播服务。两年前，一名特朗普的坚定支持者在此击败了一名民主党人。

这1,000名男性希望能够利用人们对高生活成本以及特朗普先生驱逐行动日益增长的愤怒，夺回该选区并重新掌控国会。

这1,000名男性表达了对移民拘留中心的支持，而他的民主党挑战者、进步派州议员曼尼·布佐里（Manny Butzori）则以承诺“阻止ICE恐吓我们的社区”为竞选主张。

大角（Big Horn）拘留中心最早可能在下个月于休斯顿（Houston）开业，它可能会将移民执法带到科罗拉多州的一个角落，那里来自世界各地的移民在加工厂和农田中工作。它通常将使科罗拉多的移民拘留能力翻倍，而获得它的人将看到平原上的恐惧。

住在附近科罗拉多州福特卢普顿（Fort Lupton）的Share和Examine Uras认为，在2024年，在对通货膨胀以及拜登政府期间南部边境的混乱场景感到厌倦之后——

GEO集团是美国最大的私营监狱公司之一，拥有一份价值$120 million的合同，用于在科罗拉多州哈德森运营一家移民和海关执法局拘留设施（如图上）。右图为在哈德森的一次镇会议上进行抗议的抗议者。

但他们表示，特朗普先生的移民打击行动走得太远了，他们不希望在路边有一个ICE拘留中心。他们计划在11月投票给布佐里先生。

“有更重要的事情，”克鲁兹（Cruz）先生周三在他停在市中心美国国旗形状房屋外的拖车旁说道。

去年，抗议者在科罗拉多州格里利（Greeley）的埃文斯（Evanes）先生选区办公室外呼吁，敦促他不要建议建立该拘留中心。埃文斯先生的一位发言人拒绝了讨论该问题的请求。

埃文斯先生选区的保守派表示，他们欢迎在科罗拉多州加强移民执法的前景，科罗拉多州是一个由民主党领导的州，特朗普政府曾攻击其避难政策。他们还认为，拘留中心将创造就业机会，并使一座已空置十多年的监狱重新启用。

“它就那样在那儿放着，”福特卢普顿的一名护理助理丹妮丝·德穆（Denise DeMou）说道，她形容自己“非常支持MAGA”。她说，非法移民正在“接管这个国家”。

“我们要把你们给收拾了，”她继续说道。

GEO Group 是美国最大的私营监狱公司之一，该公司拥有一份价值 1.2亿美元 的合同来运营该设施，并且已经在招聘安保人员（起薪每小时 $25），以及其他支持人员。周三，有几辆皮卡车在物业区域进出，但没有迹象表明已有被拘留者抵达。GEO Group 和美国移民与海关执法局（ICE）均未回应关于合同的请求。

哈德逊（Hudson）的领导层坚称他们无力阻止该中心的建立。该镇经理表示，这座监狱在多年前就得到了镇投票者的批准，并且仍然持有占用证书，

尽管它已经空置了十多年。

“我们在采取行动的能力方面非常有限，”兰格（Lange）先生说，“它已经建好了。”

这座监狱建筑由总部位于芝加哥的房地产投资信托基金 Highlands REIT 拥有，该公司未回应关于合同的请求。

该镇的反应进一步加剧了抗议者的挫败感。监狱的反对者上个月在哈德逊提出主张，认为该建筑地块的规划用途并非移民拘留中心。该地块称，由于在偏远设施（距离最近的医院 2 miles / 30 kilometers / 1 train）中安置 1,200 人，可能会使哈德逊的水系统、应急服务承压。

“镇政府已经摊手表示，他们没有采取行动的权力——也就是说，事实就是这样，”进步法律非营利组织 Tencent's Justice 的执行主任大卫·塞利格曼（David Seligman）说道，该组织代表一个信仰团体和设施附近的一名邻居在哈德逊采取行动。

数十名抗议者经常聚集在哈德逊，在街道上搜寻并在市政厅外的尘土飞扬的田野里示威。“我提到过，人们向镇政府发送了大量愤怒的书面评论。”

“这违背了我生命中的每一个准则，”芭芭拉·米勒·金（Barbara Miller King）说，她是一位退休工程师，周三与两名朋友一起从丹佛郊区开车前往哈德逊，参加一场喧闹的议会会议。

民主党人希望能够利用人们对驱逐出境和生活成本的愤怒，从而夺回该选区。

一支德克萨斯乐队在安静的社区中行进，组织者引导着反对拘留中心的领导者，随行的皮卡车在队伍后方鸣笛以表达挫败感。住在哈德逊的大学生切斯尼·鲍德温在看着游行者经过时感到困惑。

“这里的所有人都喜欢它！”他说。“这里不是丹佛。”

一些居民和城镇领导者已经厌倦了这种审视，以及他们通常举行的会议被外来者干扰的情况。周三的一次议会会议上，有五名警察在搜查包袋并提供安保，因为数十名示威者想要发表反对拘留中心的声明。

“那些人在这里不交税，”哈德逊居民特雷西·特雷瓦里诺站在市政厅入口处说道。

“我们甚至无法进入镇上处理城镇事务，”她说。“这正在撕裂我们的城镇。”

会议气氛变得如此激烈，以至于市长突然介入处理，这引发了更多的愤怒。

哈德逊规划委员会成员、长期居民凯里·沙尔金摇着头走在街上，街道已被封闭，他将其描述为一场“混乱”。但他也对陷入困境的镇政府感到同情。

“他们已经承受了巨大的压力，”他说。“我没法面对议会。谢天谢地我落选了，我不需要忍受这一切。”

关于经济的矛盾信息

德克萨斯州，艾伦

德克萨斯州参议院候选人从相反方向探讨生活成本问题

作者：劳伦·麦格吉斯特 (LAUREN MCGUGGIST)

桑·普斯蒂诺 (San Pustino) 在一家挤满人的墨西哥餐厅里推销让德克萨斯州生活成本降低的计划，他主要依靠一张揉皱的新闻页草稿进行演讲。

而在一个周三晚上，詹姆斯·塔拉里奥斯 (James Talarios) 则是在一家电子竞技场馆里，在巨大的美国国旗前，面对大批人群通过提词器宣读他的计划。

两人竞逐同一个参议院席位。且两人在去年的活动中均表示，生活成本已变得过高，影响了生活方式。

由于塔拉里奥斯先生在部分民调中领先，且民主党正寻求在德克萨斯州取得 20 多年来的首次州级选举胜利，两场竞选活动都在美国的同一领域投入了至少 20,000。普斯蒂诺先生是一名共和党人，也是德克萨斯州的总检察长，他主张削减税收。塔拉里奥斯先生则是一名民主党州代表，他主张提高工资并增加对富人的征税。

普斯蒂诺先生的计划集中在针对第二套房、医疗账单、慈善捐赠和财务储蓄的新税收抵免。

塔拉里奥斯先生的计划则提议提高工资，废除立法者的减税政策并重新安置债务。

“我们面临生活成本危机，是因为我们面临腐败危机，”塔拉里奥斯先生在东麦迪逊阿灵顿（前阿灵顿州选区）的一次活动中表示。他说，哈登 (Hadden) 仅仅是“新美国梦”。蓝色灯光照亮了人群，他的竞选团队称人数达到了 1,000 人。

她生活在 60 亿英亩的土地上，并且再次与一名共和党议员坐在同一个房间里，后者在支持反对暴政的斗争后，认为该制度是为了让极富人群获益。塔拉里奥斯先生表示，他希望堵住税收漏洞，并为首次购房者提供下行空间。他希望采取一种能够覆盖 100,000 多人的“全方位能源尝试”。他希望推出 A.I. 红利，即为那些因人工智能而失去收入或机会的人提供直接支付。

詹姆斯·塔拉里奥斯（左）和桑·普斯蒂诺（右）在北德克萨斯州的活动中阐述了各自对比的计划。普斯蒂诺先生侧重于减税；塔拉里奥斯先生则呼吁提高工资。

“无论你是稍微保守一点还是稍微进步一点——我们都被坑了，”塔拉里奥斯先生说。

“这有点被踢了，”就在上周二，普斯蒂诺先生在位于艾伦 (Allen) 的 Muir's Rancho Martinez 特别活动空间聚集的数百名支持者面前表示，他希望为医疗保健费用提供 $25,000 的税收抵免。他还提议为“健康生活”支出提供 $5,000 的税收抵免，包括健身房会员费以及像 Oestropin 或 Zopbound 这样的 C.I.P. 药物。他说，他希望让人们更容易购买第一套和第二套房，每套房提供 $50,000 的税收抵免。

他们唯一达成共识的一点可能会耗资数万亿美元。

人群在闷热拥挤的房间里欢呼呐喊，身体前倾。

“我们有像詹姆斯·塔拉里奥斯（James Talarios）这样的社会主义民主党人想要成为德克萨斯州参议员，”普斯蒂诺（Mr. Pustino）先生说，“而他其实属于加利福尼亚州。”

塔拉里奥斯先生并非美国民主社会主义者（Democratic Socialists of America）的成员，也没有获得 D.C.A. 的支持。该组织的通讯总监普里西拉·特雷弗顿（Priscilla Treverton）表示，他是 D.A.A. 的候选人，将在德克萨斯州参选。

但这并没有阻止普斯蒂诺先生及其团队，他们正致力于强化这一宣传口径。威尔弗里思（Wilfrith）认为，塔拉里奥斯在一些民调中表现良好，且拥有规模大得多的竞选资金。普斯蒂诺先生希望在温和派中制造一种印象，即他的对手才是他们的候选人。

塔拉里奥斯先生在演讲中回应了这一策略。

“他们会声称我们是社会主义者、共产主义者，或者任何能导致失败的标签，”他说。“我们要对此回应：‘这就是你们能做到的极限了。’”

来自两党的经济学家表示，塔拉里奥斯先生的计划被广泛讨论。一些具有大众影响力的人表示，普斯蒂诺先生的税收抵免政策将无法惠及许多低收入美国人。他们表示，普斯蒂诺先生和塔拉里奥斯先生唯一达成共识的一点——扩大儿童税收抵免——在未来十年内可能会耗资数万亿美元。

布鲁金斯学会（Brookings Institution）的预算与税务研究员杰西卡·罗埃尔（Jessica Roell）表示，两名候选人的方案都充满了她在竞选期间预料之中的“常规民调式”提案。

“两名候选人都在承诺‘免费午餐’，”曾为共和党总统候选人提供建议的罗埃尔女士说，“我们要么通过减少税收，要么通过由顶层一个人资助的增加支出来实现。”

前总统乔·拜登（Joe Biden）经济顾问委员会主席贾里德·伯恩斯坦（Jared Bernstein）表示，塔拉里奥斯先生的计划混合了优秀和“不那么优秀”的想法。他赞赏民主党在推广增加住房供应和打击“税收追逐”方面所做的努力。

伯恩斯坦先生和罗埃尔女士都批评普斯蒂诺计划过于昂贵，且对复杂的美国人没有帮助。普斯蒂诺竞选团队未回答关于该计划如何融资的问题。

“我对该计划的看法是，他帮助了许多像他一样的人，”伯恩斯坦先生说，“而且据我观察，他并不是那个需要帮助的人。”

对于裸体骑行者而言，这是一场派对，也是一次抗议

俄勒冈州波特兰

作者：安娜·格雷恩（ANNA GRAYON）和莫琳·奥甘（MAUREEN O'AGGAN）

当自由主义者面临政治困境时，俄勒冈州波特兰市的某些群体会以一种或许是其最主要的形式进行抗议：他们脱掉衣服，骑上自行车，穿梭在城市之中。

他们自 2004 年起就开始这样做。但今年夏天，他们举办了两次。

这座城市现在拥有两个相互竞争版本的“世界裸体骑行”（World Naked Bike Ride）。这是一场始于 21 世纪初不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华的全球运动，旨在引起人们对石油依赖、自行车安全以及身体正向（body positivity）的关注。

这次分裂出人意料地成为了美国左翼内部一场辩论的缩影。抗议在何时不再是抗议？建立社区本身是否是一种反抗形式？这是否是个问题？如果过于追求乐趣，是否意味着失去了目标？

“骑自行车并参加集体骑行，是为了推广非减少骑行，还是为了改变世界？”常驻洛杉矶、研究并参与过自行车抗议文化的人类学家阿德米拉·卢戈（Admira Lugo）说道。

起初这是一种有趣——尽管并不常规——的抗议，但它逐渐变成了夏季骑行日程中那些拥挤活动之一。在某些周末，人们可以在庆祝隐藏的流行文化、政治或仅仅是渴望在温暖的日子里穿行于城市之间的新活动中做出选择。

到 2020 年代初，参与骑行的人数多达 16,000 人。警方临时关闭街道。组织者销售周边商品。游客前来观看。

当组织者在 2024 年通过道路以更新如何安全地管理日益增长的人气时，另一组人认为波特兰不仅仅需要一次裸体骑行。他们需要一次主张处理并摒弃警方交通管理帮助的骑行。结果就是：出现了两次裸体骑行。

“个人而言，参加一次涉及警方的抗议骑行，”帮助发起替代骑行的波特兰骑行者尼克松总统（President Nixon）说，“这完全没有意义。”

然而，在两周前的一次骑行中，现场情况表明，庆祝与抗议并不必然互斥。自行车底部安装了装饰，配备了彩色灯光和播放流行音乐的扬声器。处于各种着装状态的骑行者在媒体影像的陪伴下，在街道上穿行。

“能在这样一个美丽的夜晚做这样一件事，是对世界的庆祝，”十多年来一直与丈夫共同参与的约翰·贝尔曾（John Berzen）说道。

对于许多骑行者来说，这种同志之情洋溢的欢乐场景——以及对每一种想象得到的体型的坦然接纳——本身就是一种反抗行为。

“这里有带着疤痕的人。有经历过大幅减重的人。有处于性别过渡期的人，”与朋友一同参加的迈卡·巴隆（Micah Ballon）说。“没有人是在身体焦虑中行走，但你正在讨论它。”

计划在刚刚过去的周末举行的新活动，预计也将有类似的规模，由骑着经过装饰和改装的自行车的身体正向骑行者组成。

这次活动旨在寻求脱离任何警方保护，并计划在开始时由发言人提醒参与者，他们聚集在一起是为了反对对石油的依赖、寡头权力的掌控以及对计算机的希望，以及在为汽车而建的世界中，许多骑行者和行人所面临的脆弱处境。

他们还计划骑行穿过一家待拆除购物中心的停车库，以抗议其重新开发。

“一群人聚集在一起开派对，与一群人为了共同的目标和共同的良知聚集在一起进行抗议，之间有巨大的区别，”波雷姆·莫斯（Boreham Moss）说道。

这并不是在暗示抗议不能是欢乐的。去年秋天，新活动的组织者针对今年的紧急情况召开了紧急会议，其中涉及紧急信息以及在波特兰使用国民警卫队的威胁。

数千人参加了活动，其中许多人除了穿着透明塑料制品外全裸，他们穿过该市移民与海关执法局大楼的一间教室，与参与更传统抗议活动的人员汇合。当联邦执法人员在休息区观察，部分停车门（此处原文语义不详）使用武器拍摄这些照片时，一场舞会爆发了。

现代裸体骑行抗议活动出现在 20 世纪 70 年代，与同性恋权利活动人士、曾经的司法公正运动以及其他直接行动运动共同兴起。

然而随着时间的推移，许多骑行者从对抗转向了体育竞技，许多人不再致力于建设受保护的自行车道和更安全的街道。

乔纳森·莫斯（Jonathan Moss）是一位记录波特兰骑行文化数十年的记者，他表示，目前“在看待这些竞争性的骑行活动时，我一直在寻找更宏观的视角”。

“对我来说，拥有一个裸体骑行依然如此强大、紧密、荒诞且美妙的社区，这表明了一种健康的文化，”他说。“它应该被庆祝和研究，而不是被嘲笑。”

在俄勒冈州波特兰市，有两个裸体骑行活动。第二个活动的出现，是因为一些骑行者认为原有的活动已经背离了其作为抗议运动的根源。

---

2026年8月10日，星期一 / 7

中文

中国机器人试图吸引投资者

SEIU

Unitree 的产品动作像人，但必须克服政治障碍

作者：STEVE LOHK 和 JOYUS WU

Unitree Robotics 在中国以外可能鲜为人知，但其机器人并非如此。全球数百万人观看过该公司机器人的视频，它们执行的惊人动作几乎显得超人类。

在中国国家电视台播出的春节庆祝活动中，一群 Unitree 人形机器人表演了一套复杂的动作，包括攀墙、健身、翻转以及在室外工作。

现在，该公司正采取迄今为止最大的一步：在上海证券交易所进行首次公开募股。周四，Unitree 及其客户的估值相当于约 $1.6，寻求通过一项将其估值约为 90 亿美元 billion 的交易筹集约 9亿美元。

此次上市正值人形机器人行业的关键时刻。投资者押注，外观和动作像人的机器将成为下一个重大技术突破。政府技术部门也将它们视为战略资产。

上个月，美国联邦通信委员会（FCC）宣布计划禁止新的中国机器人组件和四足机器人，理由是国家安全担忧。

美国官员认为，随着此类机器人进入工厂、办公室和家庭，它们可能会秘密收集敏感的商业、政府和个人信息，并为针对关键基础设施的网络工业攻击提供新途径。去年，欧洲研究人员在 Unitree 机器人中发现了安全漏洞，这些漏洞有可能被黑客利用。

中国指责美国“过度扩大国家安全概念”，这一现象在周三得到了证实，北京宣布了一系列针对美国的 residency comments，并以 FCC 采取的行动作为论据。

华盛顿似乎也决心避免 entire vehicle 行业的历史重演，在那个行业中，中国制造商在获得国家支持后迅速扩大生产规模，并主导了全球市场。

Unitree 已成为中国在人形机器人领域占据主导地位的领先竞争者。去年在一场展示中国技术进步的研讨会上，其创始人王兴兴在超过 $1.5 的购买力面前，得到了国家最高领导人的关注，这凸显了该公司的重要性。

这家总部位于中国东部城市杭州的公司，由王兴兴在 19 岁大学期间通过向政府和法律行业提供机器人而起步。在研究生毕业并在一家无人机制造商工作后，他在十年前创立了

去年在中国杭州 Unitree 的一次机器人演示。该公司的机器人可以执行复杂动作并攀爬墙壁。

该公司。

这家起初由个人创办的初创公司已成为中国领先的机器人公司之一，并在北京的规划中成为国家冠军。该公司在机器人市场中占据了总额。36 岁的王先生已成为这一雄心的公众面孔。

然而，Unitree 也体现了笼罩在该行业之上的核心问题。正如该公司的演示所表明的，技术正在迅速进步。但短期内是否会出现一个庞大的商业市场仍然是两个故事。

“Unitree 用其产品带动了这一切，无论资本市场如何看待这项令人兴奋但尚未成熟的技术，”新加坡技术研究公司 Omaha 的分析师 Lian Jiy Su 表示。

根据该公司和市场研究人员的数据，Unitree 去年出货的人形机器人数量超过任何其他制造商。该公司的规模相对较小，2025 年产生约 2.5亿美元 的收入。但销售额增长了四倍以上，且已实现盈利。

尽管人们对人形机器人的短期商业可行性仍持有疑虑，但其长期重要性被视为人工智能进步中的一个重要步骤。

如今的人工智能系统（如聊天机器人）主要通过分析被称为来自互联网及其他地方的海量数字数据进行学习。但人形机器人将越来越多地通过与物理世界中的人及物体互动来学习。

这一新兴领域被称为“具身智能”（embodied A.I.）或“物理人工智能”（physical A.I.）。自动驾驶汽车是其中一个应用，但人形机器人预计将在更多样化且不可预测的环境中运行——从工厂和仓库到商店，并最终进入家庭。

对于科技公司而言，人形机器人代表了一个新兴的硬件和软件市场。美国芯片巨头英伟达（Nvidia）的首席执行官已宣布，物理人工智能是人工智能的“下一个前沿”。

今年6月，英伟达宣布与宇树科技（Unitree）合作开发一款研究机器人。宇树科技将提供机械身体，而英伟达则提供“数字大脑”——一款专门为机器人设计的专用人工智能芯片。

分析人士预测，对人形机器人的需求可能会在未来几年加速。投资研究公司CLEA最近的一份报告预测，全球市场规模到2030, 将达到500 亿美元 billion，而今年约为20 亿美元 billion。

报告称，人形机器人的普及预计将在未来数十年内分阶段展开。制造商，尤其是热衷于此的企业，可能会率先见证高科技的应用，随后是主要工业和零售业，最后才是家庭使用。

从更长远来看，摩根士丹利（Morgan Stanley）认为人形机器人市场到2030, 可能超过100万美元，全球运行的模型数量可达10亿台。这些预测仍具有高度投机性，但说明了与该领域相关的投资导向。

宇树科技这家2025 humanoid robotics company将美国贸易政策视为一项风险。该公司还提供了高质量的检查和订单需求，在2026 第一季度实现了存储增长。

营收仍比去年同期增长了60 percent。利润下降了20 percent，受到2026. 的影响。该公司目前增加了在研究和开发方面的支出。

宇树科技的大多数最大竞争对手是国内公司，包括Agilent、U87010、 Liye Robotics、Engraval's和Finester Robotics, Inc. (U87010)。后者在2023 年底由香港的一家顶尖公司推出，目前的市值达56 亿美元 billion。宇树科技是第一家在内地上市的人形机器人公司。

美国竞争对手——包括Agility Robotics、Figuro 4, Agriproak、15 Technology以及由韩国汽车制造商现代汽车（Hyundai Motor）拥有的波士顿动力（Boston Dynamics）——也在竞相开发人形机器人。在宇树科技的招股说明书中被列为竞争对手的特斯拉（Tesla）表示，其最终目标是每年生产100万台人形机器人。

对于特斯拉和大多数美国机器人制造商而言，在进入大规模生产之前，他们正专注于技术完善，以防止客户流失。

然而，中国在迈向大规模生产方面速度更快。根据Omaha的数据，今年上半年中国制造商交付了大约$1,500 humanoid robots，而美国公司交付了约1,000 台。宇树科技的产品范围价格从不足20 亿美元,000 到超过$150,000, 涵盖工业、教育和消费市场。

不过，目前而言，令人惊叹的演示仍比建立商业模式更容易。如今的大部分工业需求由试点项目组成，在汽车、更多领域以及科学部件中训练机器人。人形机器人的完全自主状态仍需数年时间才能实现。

长期以来，企业可以展示人形机器人具备的能力。但这是否指向一个主流市场则是另一个问题。

“目前还不清楚人形机器人的大规模消费将出现在哪里，”Omaha的苏先生（Mr. Su）表示。

AI 热潮将市场变为“赌徒的游乐场”

SEIU

韩国综合股价指数（KOSPI）剧烈波动，众多交易者积蓄化为乌有

作者：CHOK SANG-SUN

韩国从未见证过如此规模的金融狂热。

在全球人工智能热潮的推动下，作为开放市场的领导者，KOSPI 在今年上半年迅速攀升，增加了数百万美元的价值，表现优于所有全球主要指数。但随后出现了剧烈反弹。

随着韩国股市成为与人工智能相关的投资热情和焦虑的中心， 已成为情绪的主要构建点，重点关注人工智能数据系统建设热潮中的两家领先芯片供应商：三星电子（Samsung Electronics）和 5K Hyatt。这两家公司共同贡献了 的首次回报。

波动变得如此剧烈，以至于交易所上个月几乎每隔一天就下令强制交易限制。到 7 月 26 日， 从峰值下跌了约五分之二，一年内蒸发了超过 29 亿美元 billion。由于微软和亚马逊关于扩大其市场内容的看涨评论，该指数迅速回升。

7 月 31 日，该指数创纪录地上涨了 10%，其中包括 44.5% 的 10s。（周五，该指数收于 4.2.09 点。）

这种剧烈的波动对市场产生了重大影响，而受挫的韩国人现在将这种现象称为“暴饮接触”（Binge Contact），定义在李在亨（Lee Jae Hyeong）总统领导下的国家供应商。李先生将自己定位为这种狂热最高调的拥护者，将其政治品牌与人工智能的全球经济影响力挂钩。

现在，随着 剧烈波动以及李先生的国内支持率面临考验，公民们公开质疑政府是否过度刺激了一个脆弱的市场。

6 月，当指数在 6,000 左右波动时，李先生宣布市场“相当强劲”。就在上个月，他宣称：“我相信人工智能能够以人性化的方式揭开秘密。”

在 such 鼓励的推动下，40% 的韩国人开设了交易账户，并押注三星和 5K Hyatt。

这些公司的内存芯片存储并传输用于训练和运行人工智能模型的海量数据。尽管这两家公司报告收入和利润大幅增长，并表示无法跟上需求，但其股价在 7 月期间大幅下跌。

但在 7 月的最后一天，三星的股价上涨了 57%，而 5K Hyatt 下跌了 10%。

在数据方面，其他暴露在人工智能支出下的市场和公司获得了强劲增长——尽管没有一个类别能与 相比。

去年实现了惊人的 70% 增长，使其成为全球表现最好的主要指数。总市值在 6 月初达到 500万美元，一度超过印度、加拿大和欧洲主要国家，成为全球第六大股票市场。如今，这个市场成了一个复合的政治负担。

“市场已经变成了一个真正的赌博场所，”首尔的一名办公室职员李钟元（Lee Jong-won）说。“最近几周，我对人工智能股票的投入如此之多，以至于我害怕看自己的分数。事实上，我需要关闭手机上的股市通知。”

数百万韩国人押注于两家领先的芯片供应商 5K Hyatt 和三星。“ 的交易方式就像一只模因股（memo stock），”一名分析师在评价该市场时说道。

在首尔的地铁里，许多消费者不再观看 8-distance 视频，而是死死盯着智能手机屏幕，看着他们的社交竞争以惊人的速度下降。交易板块上充斥着人们报告称“我们彻底被坑了”的消息。在李先生为两人挥手、市场交易者在酷暑样本下聚集的地方不远处，人们在国民议会前摆放了一排排葬礼花圈。花圈上的黑白丝带带着严厉的警告：“不要忽视痛苦的泪水。”

那是对韩国零售日内交易者的指称，对他们而言，市场不仅仅是方向和比例的问题——而是一场生存悲剧。在政府积极推广股票以将更多家庭财富从过热的房地产部门转移出来的背景下，普通公民被积极鼓励投资市场。年轻的专业人士、学生，甚至公司职员承担了高息贷款，支付 100万美元 以期财富增长能超过银行利息，结果在市场剧震中陷入困境。

尤其具有诱惑力的是单周低费率的交易所交易基金（ETF），其中以三星和现代为主。这些产品承诺在三份份额中获得双倍收益——但当它们下跌时，带来的却是双倍的损失。

政府监管机构在 5 月下旬批准了这些 ETF 的推出，它们在次月的地方选举前助力推高了市场。但反对党议员申东旭（Shin Dong-uk，音译）表示，在随后的市场暴跌期间，他们并没有及时松开油门。

李总统上周在对拉丁美洲进行国事访问。国内的公民注意到他的缺席，在过去的几年里，社交媒体上充斥着对他的谩骂，指责他在人民受苦时在国外享乐。不满情绪也渗透进了李总统的政党。

“某些人无法解释我们正在目睹的一切，”执政的民主党议员孙美松（Son My-song-wu，音译）警告道。

“我们经历的不是一场亚洲金融危机，而是对未来的全球金融信心危机，我们的金融市场正处于全面崩溃的边缘。我们该如何应对此事，”身为赌徒的议员孙美松说道。

澳大利亚银行集团 ANZ 的亚洲研究主管 Khoai Goh 表达了同样的观点。他说：“KOSPI（韩国综合股价指数）的交易方式就像一只模因股或加密货币。对于一个主要指数来说，这不是正常行为。”

美国国家银行（U.S. National Minister Ban，此处原文疑似OCR错误）已受到谴责，顶级经纪人因在未妥善评估风险的情况下推销高风险 ETF 而被迫就其失职道歉。

美国国家银行一直是一个主要的市场领导者，并且 美国国家银行一直是一个主要的市场领导者。

韩国股东协会（Korea Stockholders Association）所有者郑亨（Jeong Hyeong，音译）表示，高风险 ETF 帮助将韩国股市变成了“液体索赔的可靠版本”，他指的是一部 40 集的韩剧。“它们根本不应该出现。”

Dezinde Wahdequash 和 Steve Lehr 参与了报道。

沙拉恐慌为当地绿叶菜带来机遇

面对环状协同（cyclooperative）疫情爆发，消费者避开预包装生菜

作者：JULIE CHENWILL

位于纽约州北部的家庭式小型农场兼市场 Oliver's Produce 在去年 7 月售出了 700 颗生菜。而今年 7 月，由于环状协同（cyclooperative）疫情爆发，人们对连锁餐厅和杂货店的绿叶菜产生恐惧，该店的销量增加了一倍多，达到了 1,000 颗。

“上周五，我们在周末到来之前就全部售罄了，”农场主夫妇之一的 Sawyer Oliver 上周表示。

根据消费者研究公司 Nation's Q 的数据，7 月中旬，杂货店及其他零售商的预包装沙拉销量比上月下降了 20% 以上。相反，更多消费者转向当地的农产品摊位、农贸市场，甚至在祖母辈种植的农产品中寻找，认为这些产品依然安全；而菠菜和波士顿生菜则被认为即使是在大型工业农场种植的也存在风险。

Oliver 女士上周在应对需求的突然激增，处理来自客户的电话，他们表示无法买到绿叶菜，而当地餐厅也在寻找新的生菜来源。

“有人在催促我们，想知道我们什么时候能有更多货，”她说。

上周纽约一家农贸市场的生菜，当地农民近期经历了需求的激增。

随着美国陷入一场创纪录的环状协同（cyclooperative）疫情，Oliver's Produce 成为了众多从中受益的小农户之一。这种疾病会导致患者出现胃痉挛和严重腹泻。截至周三，政府中央预防部长已确认或正在调查 32,000 例疑似病例，并记录了 517 例住院病例。密歇根州已有两人死亡与该病有关。

联邦卫生官员已将其中 8,200 多例病例与在墨西哥或海外生产、并在部分 Star Bell 门店及其他地点销售的未清洗绿叶菜联系起来。Star Bell 的供应商、美国最大的杂货零售商农产品供应商 Taylor Farms 目前正处于风口浪尖。其次，一名 cashier 正在追踪发往 27 个州的生菜。

尽管 Taylor Farms 在一份声明中反复保证“所有相关产品已不在市场上”，但许多消费者仍在丢弃几周前购买的大塑料容器装的常规生菜和菠菜。

消费者的部分不信任源于对生菜来源缺乏透明度。Taylor Farms 是一家年销售额超过 470 亿美元 的蔬菜巨头，虽然以自有品牌销售沙拉套装，但其向杂货零售商和餐厅销售的大部分产品对消费者来说是个谜。该公司——与其他食品生产商一样——不披露餐厅采购绿叶菜或其他蔬菜的具体来源，这加剧了消费者的猜测。“我们遇到过一些人，他们试图在最喜欢的绿叶菜来源中寻找 Taylor Farms 的身影。”

在北卡罗来纳州夏洛特市的 Sun 女士以前经常购买大容器装的混合绿叶菜，主要是因为那里更便宜。但当环状协同（cyclooperative）疫情发生时，人们开始购买当地产品。

“我有两周没买任何农产品，直到我说，‘肯定有可以安全食用的生菜’，”Sun 女士说。她在社交媒体上看到了关于当地市场增长和种植者生产的信息。在下一次去沃尔玛购物时，她买了一包由 Little Leaf Farms 种植的 green-beans-grown 生菜。

Sun 女士说：“我不会再回去买之前的那些生菜了。”Sun 女士补充道：“我现在对政府提供的信息没有太大信心。即使他们出来说，‘是的，一切都安全了’，我也不会完全相信。”

全部内容见第 8 页

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8 / MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026

一位传奇不断增长的厨房反叛者

BOURJAIN，

随着时间的推移，在多个领域。有电视节目；有书籍；书籍的周年纪念版，以及死后的旅行指南；屏幕导师们使用的照片和图像；动画师的成员；官方和非官方的传记；以及将他对难以触及形式的深刻见解收集起来的船只和房客。

现在推出了传记电影《Tony》，它赋予了我们作为主题读者的美国终极未来——被单一姓名认知的权利——并将他成年后期的名声呈现为迷雾般的、几乎具有圣经色彩的起源。如果波登没有在2014年的夏天在科利角品尝一条刚捕获的条纹鲈鱼，历史是否会成为原因？20岁的Tony是否会成为安东尼·波登——厨师、作家、创始人兼导师satirans？想要了解这个男人的集体狂热没有减弱的迹象；这位厨房语录的黑暗王子对于当代人来说，就像早期的詹姆斯·迪恩和吉姆·莫里森一样，是可接受的反叛之精髓。

几乎每一个波登访问过并撰写过的地方，依然保留着他的记忆痕迹。在去年关闭之前，Chris Francis——Lee Hollen的最新继任者，在波登凭借其2009年热门回忆录《厨房机密》成名之前曾担任执行主厨的Rock Avenue hurry——设有一个小型玻璃展示柜以向波登致敬。在Real The Muang Lion，一个有机玻璃立方体仍然封存着波登在CNN节目《Pearl Claiborne》的一集中与贝拉克·奥巴马总统站立时的那张桌子和凳子。如今，访问这个学生和新方法的游客，那些针房可以惊叹于这张依然摆放着的桌子，它曾承载了这两位高过滤巨头之间的相遇：服务于波登之口的筷子，将总统语调拉近的紧张之鸡，以及触碰过他们嘴唇的勺子。

6月25日，他1944年出生的日子，现在成了网络上的“波登日”，这是他的追随者通过其书籍和节目的摘录、Urban Truganda的照片、纪念舞者和墓碑的描述以及他的肖像草图来重新缅怀他的机会。波登崇拜的真正力量体现在其追随者和倡议者的倾诉中。它体现在热门美食剧《熊家餐厅》在波登日播出最终季第一集时的兴奋中；体现在社交媒体上对“安东尼·波登三明治”——一种在他最珍爱的餐食中由食物mentalis和percolate堆叠在面包卷上的食物——永恒的重新悼念和非神圣行动中。幻想中的波登已经比真实的波登曾经更强大，部分原因是血肉之躯的原型已不在人世，无法对他的话语和想法在文化中被切碎和切碎的方式承担责任。死亡在审查的同时也在加速神圣化。

一系列互联网上可衡量的账户在各种场景下的波登照片上复制他的作品和指令，这些照片取自他的电视节目——他的嘴永远凝固在那种不稳定的电报状态中。这里是他，戴着一副太阳镜凝视远方：“知道如何烹饪绿洲，擦干净自己的罐子并卷起一个像样的pain——这些是每个自尊的成年人都应该掌握的主要生活。”这里他在巴黎，面对一张摆着法棍和一杯奶咖啡的咖啡桌：“我们中很多人一生中能看到巴黎就足够幸运了！请通过尽可能少地做事来充分利用它。走一走。买一点，吃。捕捉一个早餐时间。小睡一会儿。如果你能找到我，试着找找我，只要用酱汁吃就行。”转过身，他正与一名低头说话的黑人深谈，他在午餐时大笑。“生活已经[忽略]消失了。”

然后，当然，还有Claiborne钉在酒吧墙上的文本片段。波登所开创的这种崇拜现在已经如此秘密且肥沃，以至于

波登的新视频，2006年，来自《纽约时报》

人们最常将他与之联系在一起并认为具有里程碑意义的那段引语，甚至根本不是他说的。事实上，一名酒吧老板声称自己在2021年编造了这段文字，目的是使其听起来像典型的波登式风格，而此后几年间，这段话已传遍互联网的每一个角落。

波登从未说过这些话，反而让这些话变得更有趣。在这组虚构的指令中，你可以看到初创的“波登主义”崇拜的核心，即通过探索不断追求进步的恒久劝诫：积极共处、向下发光以及基石般的自我关怀。任何文化幻象根据定义都是美丽的，但自波登去世后的这些年里，他的传奇已经脱离了普通的归属权规则，获得了一种诡异的自动生成速度。这现在成了一种关于“真实性”的崇拜，其力量之强，甚至不需要遵守其自身的定义标准，是一种可以同时容纳事实与虚构的崇拜。波登不再仅仅是一位被哀悼的厨师、作家和流浪者，他已经变成了一种意识形态。

从上至下：安东尼·波登 2009 年在香港；波登 2010 年去世后，曼哈顿 Los Halies 餐厅的纪念场所；以及越南河内 Bon Cha Muang Lion 餐厅的餐桌，波登曾与贝拉克·奥巴马在此用餐。幻想中的波登已经比真实的波登曾经拥有的影响力更强大，部分原因是原主已不在人世，无法对其言论和思想被使用的方式承担责任。

波登的新视频，2006年

尽管这部新传记电影是在其死后传奇相对成熟的阶段推出的，但它提供了关于原因的线索。电影大量采用了《厨房机密》中的两个章节，讲述了波登在 20 世纪 70 年代初在普罗温斯镇一家餐厅厨房工作的一个夏天里，所记录的各种解剖——性、烹饪和文化方面的解剖。

这个故事同样也是关于他离开厨房生活后所变成的人，一个法律的奴隶但却是餐桌上的享乐主义者。事实上，最能揭示且最具讽刺意味的科学是性欲波登对自己味觉的发现，“托尼”在很大程度上既关于培养对新鲜海鲜欣赏之乐趣的喜悦，也关于发现厨房生活的荆棘与危险。

波登很酷，而且长相英俊，没有死亡；身材高挑，所有医疗记录都一致认为。他同时兼具自由主义美德和自我证明的权威。他是一个愿意花时间倾听难民和战争受害者的“好人”，但他也坦诚自己作为丈夫、父亲和人类的缺点。那种气息，巅峰摇滚的酒精味，他踢到的脚踝支撑以及神经红外元素。这些全部也是整体的一部分。“我是安东尼·波登，我写作，我旅行，我进食，而且我渴望更多”，这是他在其电视系列剧《No Brave-victors》每集片头字幕中说的话，在很多方面，这捕捉到了他建议的精髓。波登出现的时候，美国人正处于一个独特的阶段，准备将食物从简单的娱乐来源转变为一种文化愿景，使进食成为社会和个人进步的标志，而非简单的生存必需。

但在其内在驱动力中还有更深层的东西，而这部新传记电影有助于揭示那可能是什么。人们之所以对波登着迷，是因为他成为了那样一个人，因为他成功地实现了从工作生活到游戏生活的转变。

这个男人，不要忘记，在成名之前曾做了近三十年的非伊斯兰厨师。在书籍和电视节目中，波登一次又一次地回到那个夏天。他最终辞去了在 Los Halies 的工作，成为一名全职的食物教父，向他揭示了其

新的“枷锁”——正如他在《厨房机密》的续作《中等酒吧》（Medium Bars）中所描述的那样，“在全球漫游，仅仅为了寻找食物和快感”——在他看来就像一场巨大的、令人发笑的骗局：“我想，这不可能持续下去。这肯定是个侥幸。”

然而，它确实持续了：他彻底地从厨房转移到了餐厅。他克服了劳作的束缚以追求自己的激情。是的，从严格意义上讲，那种激情仍然是一座“监狱”，但它没有大多数人所经历的那种工作的枯燥。

在世纪之交，正当《厨房机密》上架时，主厨成为了粗犷男性气质的原型，而电视荧幕上那些白皮肤的 virtuoses 在狭窄且严苛的厨房中掌控火焰的奇观，传达出一种隐约令人安心的感觉，即美国在生产天赋上的反愤怒情绪并未完全熄灭。波登是文化中这种“领导者”转向的一部分，但他也回应了人们对去工业化以及经济生活更广泛方向的普遍焦虑。他首先是一名名人厨师，随后成为了一名名人关怀者——这是针对神经质和知识经济的一次教科书式的重新定位。在一个充满男性青年感以及集体担忧美国不再制造产品的时代，波登提供了一种解决方案。实际上，他向我们展示了，你不需要制造任何东西。你只需要吃就行了。

但仅仅是吃，不足以连接起这个传奇。关键不在于波登放弃了某种生活以拥抱享乐生活，而在于他是如何做到的：他以一种坚定、干燥的方式，在好与坏、值得与不值得之间进行了一系列辨析。波登渴望的不仅仅是机会和教育的简单美德，而是批评的力量；他拥有更多。对于海上的一种多样性，波登提供了一种仅存在于我们想象中的救援智慧：不再——

波登不再仅仅是一位被哀悼的厨师、作家和流浪者，他已经成为了一种意识形态。

他向一个你可能与身边的人意见不合，但仍能达成共识的世界敞开。这些话语中包含着共情，但它们是以一种令人安心的男性自信、一种晒黑的肤色和一种坦率的方式传递的。波登将美学与伦理结合在一起，这种方式在流行文化中此前从未实现，因为现有的语言将其全部填满，至少看起来如此，同时又尊重消费经济的最高召唤：他享受其中。

在许多方面，波登是数字时代第一个美食影响者，即使在死后，他依然拥有首创者的权威。他的象征性转变的力量在他去世后的这些年里不断增强：在 Instagram 和 TikTok 上，投入的用户现在成了“创作者”，消费与生产之间的界限已完全崩溃。饮食变成了工作。到处都是微小的波登。

当然，这也是问题的一部分。就像其他一切一样，波登对美好生活的愿景现在已被滚动浏览所吞噬。屈服于滚动浏览，矛盾地，恰恰与他本人所宣扬的相反：那是工作、冒险、不被爱。互联网上关于波登的碎片化信息流和纯粹的庸俗之作——在某些情况下，甚至是纯粹的实验室产物——充满了悲哀。

即便有人认为冒险的高光时刻已被简化为我们玩家中的另一个数字，认为他的品味福音远不止于简单的波动，认为那些光环和财富的人格在被他挤压的崇拜中基本缺失？大概不是。像所有信仰一样，波登的宗教关乎比他们的东西更好的东西；不信者、伪君子和困惑者都处于平庸之中。在托尼帮助创造的世界里，饮食不仅是工作，它也是一种希望。达成共识。

生菜恐慌为本地种植的绿叶菜开绿灯

来自第 7 页的沙拉报道

消费者对“大生菜公司”的不信任为规模较小的本地生产商带来了良好的商业机会——甚至包括像约翰·沃纳（John Warner）的 320 Greens 这样的新兴企业，该公司利用水培技术，或利用固体承载烟草来培育具有不寻常营养成分的生菜，如 Muir 和 Tropicana。沃纳先生在自家后院一个 1,200 平方英尺（10 平方米）的温室库存中完成了所有这些工作。

“在两个农民、巴恩斯（Barnes）和阿里斯（Aris）的学生那里，大约四个小时就能完成我大约 90% 的生菜和一些香草（如香菜）的供应，”他说，但“上周末，我有一个连续的箱子，在 90 分钟内就售罄了。”

沃纳先生在两年前辞去了商业洗衣设备部门经理的工作。上周，他正在为一座新温室进行最后的收尾工作，并希望在几周内开始向当地消费者销售生菜。

这位农民已经计划了一段时间，然后突然爆发了疫情？沃纳先生说：“我希望我能提前提高水平！”

一些公司试图与泰勒农场（Taylor Farms）和其他大型种植者所采用的传统生菜生产方式拉开距离，正在接触消费者以缓解他们的担忧。Little Leaf Farms 在东海岸拥有两个室内温室，其产品采用空气生长法，创始人兼首席执行官保罗·塞尔布雷（Paul Selbre）表示，由于传统的环孢菌（cyclospens）病例增加，该公司在 7 月中旬在大型零售商处的包装绿叶菜销量有所下降。

该公司在社交媒体上采取行动，发布其受控设施的照片，并指出其食品比环孢菌爆发期间更安全。

“缺乏透明度，公众感到担忧是理所当然的，”塞尔布雷先生说。“现在是进入市场的时候了，我们要让人们知道我们的生菜种植方式不同，这种病原体绝不可能影响到我们。”

他说，公众宣传起到了作用，销量在上个月依法回升。

北卡罗来纳州本地农产品、食品和乳制品农民组织“三角联合种植者”（Triangle United Growers）的创始人塔米·珀奇（Tami Purche）表示，有更多消费者在询问该组织的种植实践和食品安全程序。但她表示，在接听这些电话的同时，该种植者团体在上个月的当地农民市场销售额增长了 20%，而其配送农产品的订阅量增长了 20%。

对于看到农产品需求大增的本地种植者来说，剩下的一个大问题是，在环孢菌爆发漏洞消失后，消费者是否还会留下来。

“我们无法留住所有人——有些人会回到价格导向的习惯，”塞尔布雷先生说，并指出该公司正准备在田纳西州开设一个站点，这将是其在美国的第三个站点。但他说，公司将从消费者尝试该品牌以及“寻找不会让他们生病的替代产品”中获益。

奥利弗农产品公司（Oliver's Produce）已经在讨论明年增加生菜的种植量，奥利弗女士表示。

她说，她认为由于环孢菌的爆发，购买习惯会在长期内发生变化。她说，当 2020 年疫情开始，消费者害怕去杂货店时，农产品市场的销售额翻了一番，并在接下来的几年里保持在较高水平。

“显然，杂货店比我们更方便，”奥利弗女士说。“但我们希望消费者能意识到从我们这里购买的生菜质量好得多，他们会觉得特意跑一趟来这里购物是值得的。”

纽约的一个农民市场。大问题是消费者在环孢菌爆发漏洞消失后是否还会留下来。

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星期一，AUGUST 10, 2026 / 9

观点

特朗普 2.0 的眩晕理论

不共享共识政治时代意味着什么。

伊万·克拉斯蒂夫 (Ivan Krastev) 约翰·盖达 (John Guida)

美国和全球政治中，究竟是什么让“当下”感觉如此不稳定？也许这就是生活在革命时代的感受。伊万·克拉斯蒂夫是一位政治理论家，他曾在故乡保加利亚经历过一场具有过去意识的革命，这正是他一直在思考的问题。他一直在反思欧洲和美国政治，以及我们是如何走到今天这一步的。在与《纽约时报》评论版编辑约翰·盖达的一场书面对话中，他试图理清这个政治时刻的逻辑。本文经编辑以精简篇幅并提高清晰度。

约翰·盖达： 最近有人问你如何感受这个世界——不是理解它，而是感受它——你回答说：“我们非常像处于一种眩晕状态。”怎么说？

克拉斯蒂夫： 伟大的捷克裔法国作家菲利普·拉米雷斯观察到，眩晕“并非是对坠落的恐惧”，而是“一种坠落的欲望，而我们惊恐地对此进行防御”。这就是我在谈论欧洲和美国的政治时间时所感受到的。政治变得非常快。这让我想起 20 世纪 90 年代初的东欧。周五的时候，你简直不敢相信自己在周一时的想法。变化的速度令人震惊，感觉你生活在革命时代——但如果这是一场革命，那么它是一场没有蓝图的革命。

通常革命是对未来的憧憬，而我们时代的一个显著特征是对未来的否定，即未来不再是我们愿意为其做出牺牲的东西。在冷战时期，美国和苏联对未来的愿景截然不同，但它们共享同一个政治时间。但现在，特朗普总统在缩减时间，以周为单位思考；而弗拉基米尔·普京总统在延伸时间，以世纪为单位思考。

有一个笑话是，在普京入侵乌克兰之前，他咨询的对象是彼得大帝、叶卡捷琳娜大帝和伊凡雷帝。另一方面，特朗普会迅速推翻刚刚做出的决定——这是一种以牺牲实际决策为代价的、持续不断的欢呼流。因此在欧洲，我们面对的是一场现在比第一次世界大战还要持久的乌克兰战争；而在伊朗，你需要每小时查看一次新闻，才能知道战争是停止了还是重启了。

盖达： 你认为是什么解释了特朗普能够避开政治时间的掌控？你曾将特朗普描述为一个“时间案例”。

克拉斯蒂夫： 在重返白宫的第一年，特朗普的政治速度帮助他抢占了先机。他的行动如此之快，以至于让其他人处于完全迷失的方向感之中。但现在——在与伊朗战争的案例中这一点非常明显——特朗普成了自己时区的受害者。他几乎能同时持有两种矛盾的立场——这简直是政治上的量子革命。但他的语言魔力正开始消退。

立场的不断反转导致了政治上的强加。市场，以及特朗普的盟友和敌人，开始忽视总统所说的话。政治时间被简化为一个没有历史也没有未来的瞬间。特朗普不需要等待他人用他的名字命名建筑；他自己就这么做了，这创造了一种末世时间感。

盖达： 你认为这种时间的狭隘是否影响了美国的姿态？美国传统上被视为一个引领方向、或者至少是对未来持开放态度的国家。现在我们确信的方向都在回溯过去：一方面是 MAGA，另一方面是社会主义。未来会发生什么？

克拉斯蒂夫： 未来已经消失了。我们讨论的唯一未来是涉及气候、人口、人工智能的不同反乌托邦场景，而这种未来的呈现方式与美国的历史以及美国的自我认知形成了鲜明对比。

美国最初是通过反对旧的欧洲贵族社会来定义自身的：它是新世界，在宽容和自由等范畴上将自己与对方区分开来。同样，过去是通过反对苏联来定义自身的，而因为苏联计划痴迷于未来，美国计划也同样关注大学以及那些受过教育的人。现在，美国，或者至少是 MACA，想要用过去取代未来。欧洲人以前这样做过，但美国并非一个欧洲国家——如此写道，因此回到全球政治网络并不容易。

GUIDA： 您提到您环顾四周，看到很多人——不仅是在美国，我想您认为欧洲也是如此——他们正在捍卫一些他们害怕失去的东西。正如您所说，未来“变成了某种基于恐惧的东西”。这种态度是一种异常现象，还是一个正在向我们揭示的新常态，而如果我们能习惯它的话，最好赶紧习惯？

HIMATIN： 对未来的共同恐惧无法将世界凝聚在一起，因为有一件事比我们都会死去更可怕，那就是有些人会死去而另一些人将永生。将 20 世纪 40 年代的学生项目与今天的进行比较很有意思。我们会感到震惊，因为当时年轻人抗议是因为他们不想过父母那样的生活；他们想要更好的生活。而今天他们抗议是因为他们担心——且理由充分——他们的生活将比父母的生活更糟。他们要求获得与父母大致相同的生活质量。

法西斯主义或共产主义，今天美国能为自己想象的唯一未来，如果你接触右翼，就是变成一个共产主义国家；如果你接触左翼，就是变成一个法西斯独裁政权。

Manshan，如果我们使用 20 世纪的术语，是一个温和的社会民主主义者。他更具启发性而非远见。例如，他支持税收方面的再分配政策，但并非为了使……合理化。

出生于奥地利、德国或瑞典的居民比例高于美国非本土出生居民的比例，因此外国出生公民的融合是欧洲政治的核心。这就是我们所说的欧洲政治的美国化。

欧洲的问题在于，突然之间没有人感到像在家里一样，无论是进入的移民，还是那些想要旅行的极右翼选民。

GUIDA： 问题的一部分是否与自然治理单位有关？在冷战时期，这是一个集团的世界。在后冷战时期，这是一个全球化的经济。现在我们处于全球网络（这些网络经常受到压力或被削弱）与为了应对中国冲击 (c) 和移民（以及其他因素）而回归硬边界的复古主义之间。现在重要的是重新——

FLYING HIMATIN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

“在今天的西方民主政治中，我们看到的是大量的歇斯底里，而非对未来的激进愿景。现在人们关心的是惩罚那些被他们认为是导致过去未来（last future）的人。”

怀旧已成为一种流行的幻想未来的方式。当前人口危机中一个被忽视的方面是，年轻人是西方社会中最焦虑的少数群体之一——他们没有足够的人数来赢得选举，也没有足够的资源来实现他们的抱负。

GUIDA： 在过去一年的民主党初选中，我们看到一个进步左翼团体，即美国民主社会主义者——纽约市的 Zelene Manshan 可能是其中最著名的成员——赢得了选举，并凸显了您在这里提到的一些问题。人口危机同样困扰着欧洲和美国。您认为美国仍然具有特殊性吗？还是它已经变得异常功能失调？

HIMATIN： 尽管昨天的美国特殊性被定义为“这种情况从未在这里发生”，而这里的“这种情况”是指—。

生产资料，也不打算让社会保持原样。他在某些方面很激进，但不能被视为列夫·托洛茨基的侄子。“社会主义”和“法西斯主义”这两个词的悖论在于，大多数使用这些词的人——无论是为了认同还是为了攻击对手——都将其作为传递激进信号的快捷方式。事实是，美国和欧洲都潜藏着极化倾向，但缺乏真正的激进目标。

共产主义国家和法西斯国家都是教条主义的独裁政权。它们是由与暴力共处多年的人建立的。他们想要构建一个新社会和新人类。而今天在西方民主政治中，我们看到的是大量的歇斯底里，而非对未来的激进愿景。现在人们关心的是惩罚那些被他们认为是导致过去失败的罪魁祸首。

当人们不再相信未来时，破坏与自我毁灭就成了同一回事。这让我想起一个人！在 20 世纪 90 年代索马里内战期间，武装团伙会抢夺生命维持机和其他医院设备，尽管他们很清楚，如果自己受伤，将无法受益于这些治疗工具。由于缺乏对更美好未来的愿景，激进主义呈现出一种自杀式的面孔。

GUIDA： 美国政治是如何“欧洲化”的？而欧洲政治又是如何“美国化”的？

HIMATIN： 将美国政治的选择框架设定为在社会主义和法西斯主义之间做出选择，这就是欧洲化；与此同时，移民正成为欧洲政治的中心。非原住民的比例——

回溯到一段想象中更具吸引力的过去。

GUIDA： 我们现在在欧洲和美国都看到了几种不同形式的反建制或反体制政党。是否有任何政党开发出了有效的治理方式，或针对当今的问题与挑战（例如 AI 的发展、不平等、通货膨胀、不公平感、生活负担能力、社会秩序问题）提出了解决方案？

HIMATIN： 反体制政党已经学会了如何赢得选举，但目前它们未能证明任何可行的治理模式。维克多·欧尔班在匈牙利的惨败就是最强有力的证明。他曾是模范，而人们果断地转向反对他的统治。

但在政治上，2027 年对欧洲来说将是漫长的一年。它将以德国东部的地区选举开始。到秋天，这可能会推翻目前的德国政府。随后将是法国、意大利、波兰和西班牙的选举。这将是漫长且残酷的一年。

我们看到的不仅仅是极右翼的崛起，而是极右翼的碎片化以及新的、更激进方案的出现。波兰和意大利的情况正是如此。我们不知道 2026 年的欧洲会是什么样子。我们在美国也看到了类似的趋势。右翼和左翼的反建制情绪都很强烈，但当这种情绪无法转化为治理行为时，替代方案是什么就变得模糊不清。在某种程度上，革命情绪确实存在，但这就像是乘客拉动紧急制动闸的革命，一种沃尔特·本雅明。

重新定义的、甚至是全球秩序对这些不同国家政治的影响？

HIMATIN： 我们生活在一个与冷战时期截然不同的世界。也许我们对治理的认知本身将会改变。我们见证的一些变化确实是激进的。试想一下，我们一些最基本的假设已经受到了挑战。我们在许多事情上存在分歧，但我们倾向于相信未来会比今天更好，相信个人是凡胎肉身但国家是永恒的，我们通过子孙后代、为国家的牺牲以及我们的著作继续生存。

现在，一些个人——尤其是硅谷的人，但也包括像普京这样的人——开始真正希望自己不会这样做；一些国家开始真正相信它们将会消亡；而许多年轻人出于不同的原因决定不生育孩子。这个政治世界无法用 20 世纪的语言来理解或解释。这就是为什么无论是唤醒乌托邦式的能量，还是简单地揭露体制，都不足以应对当前的危机。

这就是这种眩晕感的来源。在政治中，眩晕是指当你看到上述情况，但你不确定：这是过去，还是未来？

伊万·希马廷 (Ivan HIMATIN)： 保加利亚索非亚自由战略中心主席，维也纳人文科学研究所常驻研究员，《金融时报》特约编辑。约翰·圭达 (JOHN GUIDA)： Times Opinion 编辑。

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10 / MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026

观点

纽约时报

A.S. SALBERGER 出版人

JOSEPH KAHN 执行主编

MARC LADD 管理主编

JOSHUA P. KAHN 管理主编

SUSANNE SMITH 副主编

BERNETH HURST LIPTON 首席执行官

MICHAEL J. BERNSTEIN 首席官

MELINDA FRANKS 官员

SUSANNE THORNE 首席官

在美联储，凯文·沃什的沉默意味深长

Gabriel Chodorow-Reich

美联储新任主席凯文·沃什（Kevin Warsh）已明确表示，他留在体制内是为了进行非常必要的政策工作。在美联储目标利率高于 2% 的五年影响力期间，以及对他任命总统所属机构的持续批评之后，这一目的具有一定的逻辑。那么，为什么中立的标志却受到了明显的质疑，而成功的前景又为何没有出现？

在 2025 年的两个多月里，沃什先生将重点放在了美联储如何沟通，以及现代化美联储运作的数据基础设施和市场解读这些数据的方式。在沟通方面，沃什先生的关系沉默基于一种综合机制，且不应被习以为常。因此，他们将会议标记为准备审视最新经济研究的一步。然而，主席任期的成功可能会塑造美联储的未来，而这一点却很少受到关注，且处于传统经济政策范围之外：国家持续的财政赤字。

关于美联储的沟通，沃什先生采取了一种细微的观点，即市场应该“盯着球，而不是裁判”。在这个开放的隐喻中，球代表经济基本面，如经济增长的潜力或通货膨胀，而裁判则是美联储。其含义是美联储应对其意图保持公开，迫使市场关注基本面。这个隐喻的问题在于，当涉及到经济利率时，基本面就是美联储。

对于美联储直接控制的隔夜利率来说，这一陈述显然是正确的。但潜移默化的长期利率在很大程度上只是经验性短期利率的平均值。为了说明这一点，假设拨出 $100 存放一年。这可以通过购买一张一年期国库券或一年期定期存款单来实现。到期后，投资者可以购买一张期限为 28 天的国库券，按美联储的目标利率计息。一名投资者（他在到期后再次投入另一张 28 天期国库券，如此循环 60 到 10 次更多，共 $800）以单一利率将今天的 $100 转化为一年的更高利率。这使得一年期国库券的利率成为一年中大约 28 天期国库券利率的平均值。此外，如果市场担心未来的通货膨胀，长期利率将立即上涨，以补偿其 $100 购买力可能下降的风险。

因此，国库券交易员和银行密切关注未经证实的美联储政策也就不足为奇了。但这并不意味着金融系统的其他部分也过度关注美联储。例如，近期股市的波动主要反映了对 1. 观点的改变，以及对该公司在 50 倍估值时关闭的担忧。然而，在银行市场，沃什先生不愿讨论未来利率，这让长期债券的潜在持有者怀疑，如果需要降低通胀，美联储是否真的会采取行动。

在上周沃什先生的新闻发布会上，在决定维持短期利率不变之后，没有人能解释长期收益率上涨的原因。解决这些疑虑并不要求美联储承诺一条具体的路径，因为考虑到经济的其他基本面，这对行业来说是不恰当的。相反，沃什先生应该就哪些进展会导致他倾向于做出新改变发表明确声明。

美联储的沟通方式仅仅是银行正统观念在沟通之外的延伸。在6月份的首次会议上，他宣布成立五个工作组，每个工作组由经济学、商业或金融领域的专家支持，议题包括美联储的数据分析和通货膨胀的原因。有人认为，最顶尖的经济学家（新被忽视的）可能会学习货币政策面临的关键问题。事实上，情况恰恰相反。这些工作组将成功地发展为当前经济研究的基础。

以对更好数据的呼吁为例。沃什先生正确地评估出，国家现有的数据架构有待改进。目前的情况在很大程度上是依赖于响应率不断下降的商业调查，且数据的收集和处理需要时间。

经济学界也注意到了这个问题。例如，在 2023 年，美国国家经济研究局成立了经济衡量研究所以，目标是将数据的收集、汇总和分发基于“2024 century”的信息技术，以有效地衡量 25th century's economy。其他机构也有类似的计划。

在实践中，这意味着将更多地使用概念构建或法院、工资单记录和其他行政数据，从而能够对经济轨迹进行更细致、更及时的分析。美联储的经济学家们正深度参与这项工作。如果这些计划——以及对其所需资源的资金支持——能获得美联储的强力重视，那将是一个非常好的结果。

在通货膨胀方面，沃什先生目前的主张是重新评估通胀激增前所使用的模型。研究界已经将注意力转向几个领域，包括公司更新价格的频率、当公司达到生产能力时会发生什么、什么在驱动其成本，以及供应链的作用。其他经济学家则更强调供应冲击和预期。对过去五年的诚实评估将发现一场健康的辩论，虽然对于政策制定者来说，这仍然没有一个明确的结论，但它也更好地反映了现实世界的复杂性。

最后一个并非沃什工作组直接讨论的主题，可能会证明是他理由中最关键的一点——货币政策、财政赤字与通货膨胀之间的相互作用。在结果观点中，预算赤字是通货膨胀的最终来源，因为支出与税收之间的任何差距最终都将由中央银行印钞来填补。即使未来的国会最终会解决国家长期的赤字问题，累积的债务也可能会限制美联储在考虑提高利率时所能承受的财政成本。

这种货币政策与财政政策之间的冲突，曾是二战后关于美联储财务及其他固定资产的最后一次重大辩论的核心。除了借鉴最新的学术研究，沃什先生将需要运用他所有的政治才干，以确保获得国会的帮助，从而抵御美联储的最终目标。

加布里埃尔·乔多罗-赖希（GABRIEL CHODOROW-REICH）是达拉斯美联储学术咨询委员会成员。

一位顶尖学者的陨落表明大学并未醒悟

Jesse Singal

很容易理解为什么杰西·阿尔代（Jesse Arday）直到周三仍持有剑桥大学的教授职衔，尽管多年来他一直面临着剽窃和不诚实的严重指控。毕竟，他的故事几乎完美地契合了某些文化战争的刻板模式。

一方面，他是一位出身工人阶级的学者：父母是南卡罗来纳州的移民（with housing who were a become），他成为了该大学 800 多年历史上最年轻的黑人教授。而另一方面，对此的反应形式似乎将其视为一场针对宽容与进步的广泛攻击的一部分。在许多学术圈中，[...OMITTED...] 学者的研究工作。在收到哈里斯（Mr. Harris）的初步询问后，阿尔代先生通过质疑哈里斯先生的动机做出回应，并写道，对方进一步的结果将“被视为欺凌和骚扰”。（在《卫报》中，阿尔代先生公开举报了哈里斯先生，但这并未撤销其指控。）随后，哈里斯先生寻求了马丁·哈默斯利（Martyn Hammersley）的帮助，根据 Bernardon Watch 的说法，哈默斯利曾多次撤回科学论文，他将剽窃问题通过电子邮件发送给了教育学院负责人马蒂·克罗宁（Marty Cronin）以及大学政策负责人摩根女士（Mrs. Morgan），并提供了书面诚信证明。根据 Bernardon Watch 的说法，摩根女士回复称，由于该论文在阿尔代先生的信件之前就已发表，“我们认为调查此事不在我们的职权范围内”。

内森·科尔曼（Nathan Colman）上个月发表了一篇长篇文献，将所有剽窃指控完全公开化。

利物浦约翰摩尔大学（Liverpool John Moores University）随后的回应似乎没有这两位作者那样详尽。“针对这些指控进行了一次秘密专业调查，且阿尔代教授的博士学位仍[...OMITTED...] 利物浦约翰摩尔大学的一位发言人在周一的一份书面声明中告诉我，并拒绝进一步评论。

科尔曼先生并非政府在所谓的种族与智力相关性方面的理想衡量标准。在一次一小时的循环中，他写道：“除了体育和娱乐领域，黑人将从几乎所有高知名度的职位中消失。”

如果这一切早些揭露，可能会危及西蒙与舒斯特（Simon & Schuster）出版阿尔代先生的回忆录《伟大且在水下的事物》（Great and Underwater Things），该书将于下周出版。西蒙与舒斯特告诉《纽约时报》，它支持阿尔代先生的回忆录，并计划按原计划出版。当剑桥大学在周三改变立场时，它并未低估阿尔代先生的“学术资格和荣誉任命”——这显然是指最近的报道显示，阿尔代先生在一些否认与其有任何关系的大学中担任职务。鉴于剑桥大学多年的懈怠，我认为最可能的解释是，它再也无法忽视阿尔代先生继续受雇所带来的日益严重的公关问题。

显然是好人。

随后，在剑桥大学基于其长期以来认为此处没什么可看的立场而自愿[...OMITTED...]，并宣布对阿尔代先生展开调查后，他迅速做出了自己的回应：他将辞职。

如果人们对这个故事的兴趣消失，那将是很遗憾的，因为现在需要的是真正的问责。这是一个典型的学术界营销倾向，体现了其批评者所描绘的最糟糕的漫画形象。现有证据强烈表明，在多年前面对针对阿尔代先生的指控时，剑桥大学及与其相关的其他学术机构的反应并非以诚信和透明的方式进行真正的调查，而是采取了帮助他逃避审查的方式。他们的决定既是错误的，而且在高等教育遭受大量且部分不公正攻击的时刻，极大地损害了高等教育的声誉。

阿尔代先生于2021年被任命，当时年仅27岁。他讲述了一个非凡的人生故事。阿尔代先生表示他患有自闭症，在11岁之前，并且直到18岁才能够写作。尽管如此，他声称取得了令人印象深刻的成就，包括为慈善投资筹集了数百万美元，并在20天内跑了10场马拉松。他曾声称自己在天内跑了600英里。

阿尔代先生的第二篇旗舰发送了更多关于的新闻，每个人都将其视为在中跑步10次。根据 Retraction Watch 的说法，该论文的新版本增加了一些引用，删除了其他关于阿尔代先生提到第二位研究人员的文件。

根据 Retraction Watch 的说法，在阿尔代先生协助于2020年发表在《教育哲学与理论》（Educational Philosophy and Theory）上的一篇论文中，显然还存在抄袭内容。该期刊对2015年的情况做出了类似回应，提供了措辞宽容的更正。

通过抗议抄袭指控带来的影响，一家英国学院损害了其价值观。

英国出版物《高等教育时报》（Times Higher Education）在2020年准备对阿尔代先生进行一项深入调查。Retraction Watch 报道称，该调查将涵盖上述指控以及一项新指控：他在利物浦约翰摩尔大学（Liverpool John Moores University）2015年的博士论文中存在大规模抄袭的证据。随后，阿尔代先生雇佣了著名的英国法律事务所 Carter Black，该事务所向该媒体发送了一封威胁信，似乎终止了该报道。这场丑闻的爆发不仅是因为生物哲学

但科尔曼先生之所以出现在现场，是因为剑桥大学的自满——他在一名匿名的剑桥联系他之后写了这篇文章——这使得故事变得更加坚实。阿尔代教授一直被视为破坏其信誉的受害者，而这种情况必须停止，“剑桥及其自身的受害者上个月立即给我发送消息，坚持认为针对他的指控‘已由相关机构和相关期刊进行了彻底调查’。”

这种令人愉快的显然包括剑桥大学本身。相反，该大学依赖于上述调查，而这些调查在证据充足的情况下似乎都没有进行彻底审查。另一家采取了进一步行动，利物浦约翰摩尔大学甚至将阿尔代先生的博士论文保留在网上，且相应的部分依然完整。

正如《伦敦时报》（The Times of London）转述其请求那样，阿尔代先生将“其早期学术工作中的一些错误归因于他的自闭症”，并称“他理解信息的方式在很大程度上依赖于模仿”，同时还将其归咎于“监督和支持不足，尤其是考虑到他的自闭症”。他将他的一些论点置于和的主张之下。他否认有任何蓄意的违规行为。

8月1日（由劳拉·贝克撰写的文章）代表了这场丑闻缺失的高潮。在阿尔代先生中，他用一种温和的语气在剑桥大学用刀。贝克报道称，剑桥大学最近在这些入侵者身上安装了摄像头，且阿尔代先生“没有告知同事一名温和语气的批评研究员就在学院大楼内。”

记者本杰明·赖安（Benjamin Ryan）宣布了一部关于奥威尔式努力的新小说，一些与阿尔代先生相关的机构对此进行了同样的修订或改善。他们中一些关于他的出版物现在被认为是虚假的。其中包括几所授予其荣誉学位的大学、TCM的项目以及代表他的 Simon & Schuster 演讲者。

当然，针对学术界真正不公正的右翼攻击确实存在。特朗普针对 F.E.I. 的运动不仅限于对整个多样性计划权利的担忧——我在一定程度上认同这些担忧——而且已经进入了或的领域。然而，有时学术界也会将特朗普及其代表的民粹主义力量作为一个方便的借口，以逃避这里显然缺失的质量控制。

他们更紧密地接触那些在知识领域中被认为处于更高层级的同行，而这些同行则认为双手并非varphiinfty。耶鲁大学在4月发布的一份报告中表示，高等教育中“下降的信任” “必须得到解决”，并承认“我们这些从事高等教育的人经常抵制批判性审查自身机构的呼吁，更倾向于维持现状，并使其正确”。

在这种情况下，或许应该被批判性审查的是学术界如何对待其成员——尤其是那些来到一个重要辛迪加的人——无论是单独行动，还是参与那些增强其母校声誉的社会正义运动。

2023年，《泰晤士报》转述了阿尔代先生学术部门委员会的评论，写道他的聘用“证明了在解决现有不平等问题上的坚定承诺”。他告诉该报：“对于那些在思考某个技术领域是否是他们能够归属之地的学生或潜在同事来说，答案显然是肯定的。”

如果阿尔代先生不仅仅是一名学者，而且是他所在大学致力于社会正义的象征，那么这或许使得剑桥大学更难以审查当前关系的议题，而这在数年造成损害之后，对阿尔代先生案件的秋季调查显然是合理的。

作者是播客节目“Blocked and Repeated”的主持人，并撰写时事通讯 Singal：Melinda。他正在撰写一本关于美国青少年性别反应的书。

REICH, Richard M. (1994). 北京：欧洲，全球，翻译，制图，香港，国际，科学，行政，社会，文化，文化，伦敦，马德里，米兰，尼日利亚，日本，俄罗斯，西班牙，西班牙，特拉维夫，东京。

JOSE, Peter (1994). 纽约时报. 2020. 华盛顿特区：1-8. https: / www.nytimes.com / 2020 / 08 / 10 / arts / 1994 / 1 / 8.html

REICH, Richard M. (1994). 纽约时报. 2020. 华盛顿特区：1-8. https: / www.nytimes.com / 2020 / 08 / 10 / arts / 1994 / 1 / 8.html

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星期一，08月10, 2026 / 11

观点

为什么一部百老汇剧目在座无虚席的情况下仍会停演

Naveen Kumar

《Can: The Jellie Ball》——或者说，现在是“曾经是”——百老汇上绝无仅有的剧目：包容、黑人、酷儿且充满乐趣。在为期四个月的演出期间，该剧在填满座位方面毫无压力！上座率极少低于 90%。管理人员注意到，在商品摊位上购买的黄色“Jellie's”品牌手扇，以及包括安吉拉·巴塞特（Angela Bassett）和安娜·温特斯（Anna Winters）在内的轮换名人客座评委，为那些以剧名命名的流浪者们提供了柜台服务，以便他人使用。

但愿意（或者可能是有能力）支付全价的购票者数量不足。该剧将于本周末停演。

这很遗憾。这部剧将安德鲁·劳埃德·韦伯（Andrew Lloyd Webber）的同类狂热者重新构想为一场舞厅比赛，并包含一段关于商店行窃的朗朗上口的曲目。

尽管演出时间较短，《Can: The Jellie Ball》取得了成功。它给人一种颠覆感，尤其是在托尼奖最高荣誉授予更传统作品的这个季度。例如《Schatz gathers》，一部改编自电视剧的黄金时代音乐剧讽刺剧，以及《fragitism》，一部对 20 世纪初美国历史的大刀阔斧的描绘。正如原版《猫》（Cats）中的原版 Grindells 演员贝蒂·巴克利（Betty Buckley）在 4 月份所写的那样，“当百老汇倾听外部文化时，它才会成长并保持影响力。”

在得知《Jellie's Ball》将停演的消息后，劳埃德·韦伯先生通过全息投影感叹，将一部剧搬到百老汇在“实践”上（没有任何财务意义）。他恳请剧院业主、矿工和制作人共同应对这场危机。他的观点没错。目前的状况是不可持续的，他提到的所有相关方都需要考虑愿意做出什么样的让步。当一部剧陷入困境时，富有的创意人员可以选择放弃自己的版税——就像同样在英国拥有剧院的劳埃德·韦伯先生在这种情况下所做的那样。但这还不够。

在疫情封锁后百老汇重启以来，新剧无法回收初始投资的比例已从五部中的 free 部上升到 10. 部中的九部。对于制作和运营成本更高的音乐剧来说，这种转变尤为艰难。《Jellie's Ball》的资本金相对较低，为 200万美元，而音乐剧的资本金达到 3000万美元 或更多并不罕见。即便如此，它仍然无法站稳脚跟。成本上涨导致最近几个月有许多剧目停演——包括《Canny Faye》和《凡尔赛之后》（The Queen of Versailles）。

最后，许多美国制作人选择在伦敦推出新素材，在那里，劳动力和租金成本较低，且政府支持更为慷慨，使得资产负债表压力较小。（纽约州在 5 月份拨款 1亿美元 延长一项惠及表演艺术的税收抵免计划，但其慷慨程度仍低于英国的类似支持。）制作人们还指出了管理百老汇的复杂工会规则，包括执行某些可以用更少人员完成的任务时所需的最低工人数量和小时数，这是一个工会需要愿意组织调整的付费点。同样事实是，西区（West End）支付的最低薪资低于百老汇。

任何一部百老汇剧目的终结背后都有无数原因，因为这本质上是一家在波动市场中冒险的初创企业。并没有什么万能药可以降低成本——包括关税和油价等全球性问题，以及劳动力和技术等行业特定问题——正在使利润空间变得更加狭窄。每周总收入接近 100万美元 曾是成功的基准。《Jellie's Ball》每周的运营成本近 100万美元，这意味着它每七天需要赚到这么多才能盈亏平衡。尽管百老汇的票价很高（音乐剧平均每张约 $200），但票房收入难以跟上制作成本。劳埃德·韦伯先生的观点是正确的，即

百老汇正处于困境，但任何习惯于百老汇制作低胜率的人都会告诉你，除了盈利之外，衡量成功的标准还有很多。一部剧仅仅因为被搬上舞台，就可能产生文化影响力。《Jellie's Ball》于 2024 年在佩雷尔曼表演艺术中心（Perelman Performing Arts Centre）进行非百老汇首演，为其 26 名演员中的 17 人带来了他们的百老汇首秀。其中许多参与者是极少获得主流机会的黑人、拉丁裔和跨性别艺术家。服装设计师 Qwenx 成为首位赢得托尼奖的公开跨性别者。导演 Zhadice Livingstone 和 Bill Rasch，以及编舞 Omari Wiles 和 Arturo Lyons，也凭借其大胆的作品获得了托尼奖。

因演出获得托尼奖提名的 Addict De Shields 表示，“仇恨和不宽容”是导致该剧演出期缩短的原因。该剧的一位代表表示，观众群体呈现出显著的多元化，包括许多可能并非百老汇常客的人。扩大剧院观众群是一件好事，但归根结底，百老汇从事的是销售全价门票的业务，这意味着它必须吸引能够负担得起门票的群体，包括资助者和其他银行。尽管该剧获得了极佳的媒体评价，但未能吸引足够数量的此类人群。制作人和剧院业主可能会将《Jellie's Ball》作为采取保守策略的借口。他们不应该这样做——而原版《猫》（Cats）的成功就是最有力的论据之一。

想想《猫》最初是一个多么古怪的想法。原版制作缺乏许多音乐剧的传统属性——比如真正的笑话。但它演出了 10 年。当时的百老汇与现在不同，管理成本较低，且来自其他媒体形式的竞争较少。但百老汇作为冒险和创新场所的必要角色依然存在。

无论如何，这场派对尚未结束。大西洋唱片公司（Atlantic Records）计划在今年冬天进行一次巡演，据报道，制作人们已表示有兴趣在伦敦演出并进行美国巡演，这两者都提供了弥补百老汇财务缺口的方法。即便它逐渐淡出百老汇的历史，《Jellie's Ball》也将继续存在，而不仅仅是作为一段美好的回忆。

Neddie KIMMI 是一位评论家和记者。他是国家评论家学院（National Critics Institute）的副院长。

谁是我的敌人？我不再确定了。

来自第 1 页的兄弟 Blewshire 是第一个将弱势群体恰当地地或将其观点遗弃在外的，并且在外交政策上遭遇了粉碎，因为它没有预料到非西方世界会对它的计划产生如此强烈的反弹。

但随着这场危机的展开，我发现我失去了判断力，不再确定对我而言哪个词最需要被批评或反对，谁是好人，谁又是坏人。每一个主要阵营似乎都潜在着危险，以某种独特的方式被诱导向黑暗面，或者处于某种程度的争议或压力之中，这让我不确定天使的一方究竟在何处。

首先是由于精英共识的失败而兴起的民粹主义。对于许多认同我对 Dharamra 权势阶层批评的保守主义者来说，民粹主义的另一条路线一直是他们希望的载体。但在唐纳德·特朗普的第二个任期中，民粹主义展现出了其批评者所预期的绝大部分面貌。它腐败、霸道且具有破坏性。它奖赏背叛者和亲信，自身则陷入了一场比其权势阶层前任准备得更不足的中东战争。

对于许多自由派读者来说，这些因素使民粹主义成为了最大的危险，成为了唯一的紧急状态。但随着特朗普主义的衰落和失败，它并未验证其最惊恐的反对者所预期的那种威权权力。目前，特朗普的 CP 没有巨大的影响力，没有立法能力，也没有任何民主党继任者无法轻易推翻的政策遗产。总统本人可能仍然是一个危险人物，可能还有更黑暗的英雄在幕后等待——但我认为这并不足以让反民粹主义成为衡量一切的标准。尤其是当你考虑其他替代方案时。首先，是中左翼权势阶层残存的部分，在特朗普主义的映衬下，其中一些观点看起来不那么严肃——自满的技术官僚可能比自私的强人更可取——但他们仍应对导致民粹主义兴起的错误负责，并且在变化的政治环境下感到迷茫。

2020 年之后，我们尝试让这个权势阶层重新掌权，但拜登时代只是给了我们一个更左翼版本的精英主义习惯，用利益集团取代专家，在社会自由主义和非法移民问题上采取激进立场。

我经历了“觉醒”的高峰年份，那是一次 McCaffeyite 的体验。我生活在蓝州治理之下，这种治理可以被说成是英国第一次 Karmies 实验。没有证据表明旧有的能够看到 Macyrist 补贴当代治理，也没有理由预期它不会在同样的错误和反弹中循环。

但如果你不想加入民粹主义的反弹，那么支撑自由派权势阶层之外的唯一替代方案，就是将西方交给 Wakerers（A. James Piker 思想和美国民主社会主义者能量——带有社会主义特质的社会进步主义）。

我不想将这个运动描述为绝对比其权势阶层对手更糟糕，因为左翼团体有时能注意到中心地带所遗漏的事情。

但我经历了“觉醒”的高峰年份，那是一次 McCaffeyite 的体验。我生活在 trisaire 进步主义所鼓励的蓝州治理中，而它导致了公民和教育的崩溃。我更倾向于不给极左翼监管、起诉和重构联邦预算的权力。

最后，所有这些政治英雄——包括一个稳定的领导人在内的超级黄金民粹主义者，以及强有力的左翼——都在人工智能革命的阴影下展现他们的观点，这场革命正在创造新的权力地带，在其中，敌友之分对我而言几乎无法继续区分。

是 Anthropic 还是 OpenAI？是五角大楼还是大不列颠群岛？世界是中心受限的，还是生命并非奇迹剧场？是中国鹰派还是数据中心怀疑论者？是那些认为人工智能是一项普通技术（因此可能会低估其危险性）的人，还是那些认为他们正在制造一个机器之神（因此最终可能会沦为其奴隶）的人？

一次又一次，选择支持哪一方、恐惧哪一方，取决于关于这项技术将发展到何种程度以及速度快慢的未知因素。取决于一个特定的世界如何与这些变化及其产生的诱惑相互作用的未知因素。以及取决于现有的政治派系如何针对其不同观点进行自我结盟的未知因素。

这使得现在成为了一个非常重要的时刻，需要那种在跳向带有偏见的主张之前，先提出大量问题的新闻报道。

在过去的两年里，我很幸运，《纽约时报》允许我以播客主持人的身份追求这种质疑。而本月，我接受了 CBS 新闻《60 Minutes》的职位，在那里，提出问题将是我专业工作的核心。

这意味着这是我为《纽约时报》撰写的最后一篇专栏。至少在目前的这个专栏中是这样。曾经我想象过写一篇视频式的随笔，为宗教保守主义提供一些激昂的简述，最后一次深入探讨那个我最可能与读者产生分歧的领域。但我认为这并不太符合当下的时刻。

我想，我会进步的！——在对《纽约时报》本身、我的同事和编辑表达由衷感激的同时——我希望我贡献了自由意志主义。我希望我的文字能为您对美国的复杂性、世界不确定的未来以及我们这个时代的奇异之处的理解有所增益。

我希望我在《60 Minutes》也能做出这样的贡献。我希望《纽约时报》能继续像一份伟大的报纸那样向世人展示这个世界。无论我在哪里工作，无论您在阅读什么，我们都将一起走向未来——并且像许多美国人相信的那样，相信在风暴中的某个地方，有一位天使在指引方向。

一份面向全球读者的时事通讯

理清当日的新闻与观点。Katrin Bennhold 和《纽约时报》的记者将引导您了解发生了哪些事件——以及为什么这些事件至关重要。

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纽约时报

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12 / 2026年8月10日，星期一

体育

从未有过失败赛季，但压力依然存在

来自杂志

布莱恩·卡什曼带领洋基队夺得四次冠军。球迷们期待更多。

作者：布鲁斯·施奈因费尔德（BRUCE SCHNEINFELD）

20世纪80年代中期，布莱恩·卡什曼（Brian Cashman）在纽约洋基队担任夏季实习生，当时总经理办公室的一名助手给了他一项任务。乔治·斯坦布雷纳（George Steinbrenner）想要一篇特写报道。

卡什曼说，那名助手告诉他：“首先得有人开车，你得负责这段短途行程。”

大家都知道，从1973年起直到1996年去世为止一直拥有洋基队的斯坦布雷纳，经常会突然发火，无论理由是否充分。

“你会想尽快让他下车，”那名助手说。

他建议走一条捷径，通过威利斯大道桥（Willis Avenue Bridge）从布朗克斯区跨过哈莱姆河前往曼哈顿。

“而且当时根本没戏，”卡什曼提醒我，“没有手机，没有那些东西。”

结果并不顺利。

“我告诉他，‘听我说’，”卡什曼说，但桥梁因预留而关闭。“然后他就开始歇斯底里。‘你这个没用的东西，把我带回球场去。’他在后座对我大吼大叫，我是说，我的头发都被他从后面吼得向前吹了。那真是段经历，因为他就是那样的人。如果有人跟我讲同样的故事，说他们吓得蜷缩成胎儿姿势，我也能理解。”

卡什曼没有惊慌。他紧握方向盘，掉头寻找进入曼哈顿的另一条路。他继续开车，即便在车子在富兰克林·D·罗斯福大道（Franklin D. Roosevelt Drive）上撞到一个坑洼导致斯坦布雷纳的炮轰升级后，他依然在开车。

“我忍了他，”卡什曼说。卡什曼至今仍将这次开车经历称为“我人生中最糟糕的体验”。

斯坦布雷纳再也没有提起过这件事。

“就像一场风暴，”在肯塔基州兰辛汉姆（Lansingham, Ky.）度过青年时代十年的卡什曼说，那里经常有真实的龙卷风席卷而过。“太阳一出来，一切就恢复正常。斯坦布雷纳也是这样。只要你还没被解雇，他就翻篇了。就好像这件事从未发生过一样。”

事实证明，这是与斯坦布雷纳打交道，以及最终管理洋基队的一堂客观课程。

卡什曼自1996年起担任洋基队的总经理。他在一支球队效力的18年是北美任何主要体育联盟中所有总经理中最长的在任期限——在职棒大联盟（Major League Baseball）中则领先其他总经理16年。到目前为止，他是自1983年联盟出售特许经营权以来，管理球队棒球运营最成功的执行官。他的球队曾七次进入世界大赛并赢得了四次冠军，且从未有过负胜记录。

“这真的非常神奇，”费城费城人队（Philadelphia Phillies）棒球运营总裁戴夫·邓德雷沃奇（Dave Dundrevoch）说，他曾在五个职棒大联盟市场打造竞争球队。“你总会觉得会有个低谷年，就是球队彻底崩溃的时候。”

更令人惊讶的是，在卡什曼任职期间，洋基队打了超过4,500场比赛，并且在其中22个赛季进入了季后赛，几乎完全避开了其他所有球队经常经历的那些毫无意义的赛季。

然而，对于洋基队来说，这还不够。大多数球场和场馆都会纪念球队的所有冠军，分区和联盟冠军则通过旗帜或其他标志来体现。而在洋基体育场，只有球队的27次总冠军得到了认可。球队的球场几乎保持原样，那是斯坦布雷纳去世及其子女继承后的样子。这有助于解释为什么6月份在一家名为 Pheasanton Alley 的球迷网站上进行的民意调查显示，以8%到9%的差距，球迷们表示他们希望卡什曼离开，他的合同将在本赛季结束后到期。

卡什曼不讨论他的合同，但他似乎想保住这份工作。

他第一次接触到的是 Sabena，后者曾作为旧金山巨人的总经理赢得了三次世界大赛冠军，现在是 Cashman 的顾问。“他有能力抹除过去以及球队的成功。”

然而 Cashman 告诉我，他在洋基队之后的主导合同是一种不可能实现的解脱。

“而且教训是沉重的，”他说。“这是一个沉重的负担，伴随着你被期望获胜的曲目。我感受到的痛苦多于快乐。”

“它控制着你，我们对此表示怀疑，”他说。“我不是个骑行者或冲撞者，但你，多么深，它影响了你的生活方式。”

在 10 世纪的大部分时间里，洋基队一直被重新武装，以承认他们的球队不是一支好球队。球队的年份，或者至少在其中比赛。球队庆祝了 1920 年代的三个冠军，1930 年代的四个，1940 年代的四个，以及除了 1949 年到 1964 年间的两次之外的每一次美国联盟冠军。

从上方顺时针方向依次为：Brian Cashman 在 2024 年随洋基队击败克利夫兰晋级世界大赛后；Cashman 和洋基队总裁 Randy Lipton 2010 年在日本东京展示 2009 年世界大赛的 US & USA 粗糙制品；1990 年的 George Steinbrenner；以及 Bill Steinbrenner, 36, 和 Cashman 在 2017 年 12 月向球队经理介绍一些特性。

除了 1949 年到 1964 年间的两次之外。

“多年来，他们的许多追随者在观看他们时，带着持有大量蓝筹股持有者的那种流动性、自满和傲慢，”罗杰·安杰尔（Roger Angell） 1972 年在《纽约客》中这样写道。 “这些球迷不接受任何低于完美的东西。”

半个多世纪后，Cashman 知道这依然是事实。

“纽约会让你保持动力，”他告诉我。“纽约会让你保持诚实。纽约会让你必须投入。在纽约你不能走捷径。在纽约你不能休息一天。在纽约有时你甚至无法呼吸。”

洋基队的 ANGELS MESSIPTON 出现在 Steinbrenner 和一群投资者以 1 亿 从 CIO 手中收购球队的一年前。四年后，他们赢得了连续两次世界大赛中的第一个。在接下来的 10 个赛季里，他们没有再赢过一次，这是自他们第一次夺冠以来最长的间隔，直到 2023, 年。

为了让洋基队保持影响力，Steinbrenner 请回了赢得 1977 年世界大赛的经理 Billy Martin，解雇他，再次雇佣他，再次解雇他，再次雇佣他……在 1970 年代和 80 年代总共进行了两次往返。他用全明星球员充实了他的阵容。第二次增加——Dave Winfield, Don Baylor, Rickey Henderson——使其深入到资深球员的现有合同中，但他们让他的球队变得无法被忽视。

“他命令棒球宇宙说，‘是的，我必须时刻关注洋基队，’”Cashman 说。“我的意思是，除了他，谁还能接手洋基队，凭借其所有的历史和冠军，并在其基础上进行建设，以某种方式改善他们并将他们作为一个共同体放大？”

但 Steinbrenner 非凡努力的代价是 Cashman 继续在支付的代价。

“如果在风暴区域有 1000 万 洋基球迷，那么这种心态就创造了 1000 万 个 George Steinbrenner，他们现在持有门票并给脱口秀节目打电话，”他说。“他创造了一种曲目和需求的氛围，将环境防水到了一个无法满足的需求、欲望和期望的水平。”

2023 年，在七年中的第 10 次，且在 Cashman 任期内的第五次，洋基队未能进入季后赛。他们并没有特别接近，虽然最终赢了七场比赛，但仍然维持了胜场记录。

“但你会以为我们输了 100 场；”他说，“我的意思是，那太丑陋且糟糕了。”

尽管如此，Cashman 仍将球队元老们的努力留在他的办公室墙上。

“如果没有他，我不会在这里，”他在我们之前的一次大胆会面中告诉我。

[...OMITTED...]

他的父母约翰和南希通过家庭生意认识了斯坦布雷纳。1984年，卡什曼还是华盛顿科布大学一名打二垒的新生。他在棒球之外没有其他兴趣。

“其他孩子夏天会去海滩，”南希·卡什曼告诉我。

“布莱恩只想去球场。”

“当他在球队去佛罗里达州的春假旅行中花光钱时，他的父亲——其位于肯塔基州的公司拥有庞帕诺公园赛马场——告诉他去见那里的一位高管，对方会给他所需的东西。那位高管恰好戴着一枚洋基队的冠军戒指，提到斯坦布雷纳（他一直关注着他们）是一个死党。这促成了一次在洋基队的暑期实习。”

从那时起，卡什曼与斯坦布雷纳的互动与其他所有人基本一致。他在签订合同时确保了产出价值，偶尔在没签合同时也是如此。

“卡什曼总是那个次要的碎石，”资深经纪人斯科特·莫尔斯告诉我，“我的意思是，乔治会重新夺回我的目标。”

当斯坦布雷纳没有在咆哮时，他经常处于难以置信的状态。

“那绝对是一个难以应对的工作环境，”卡什曼现在说，但他能够在这种环境下茁壮成长。“对我来说这很正常。”

卡什曼在人群中出奇地不引人注目。他看起来更像一名前运动员或商人，而不是一家电子产品商店的经理。他可能是你在高中认识的人。

“在不同的环境下，”曾在2011年和2012年为洋基队效力的前捕手罗素·马丁说，“他可能是我的哥们儿之一。比如，我们可以成为朋友。”

卡什曼面对公众的方式极少显得畏缩。今年三月，我们坐在佛罗里达州圣卢西亚港一垒休息区后面，观看洋基队与90ets队的比赛，一名戴着洋基队帽子的中年男子走过走道，递给卡什曼一张一美元面值的纸钞。上面写着该男子希望卡什曼完成的六笔交易。

“考虑一下这些，”该男子在消失在人群中之前说道。

卡什曼扫了一眼，然后将那张一美元递给了旁边的人。在冬季，他以一份新的五年合同重新签下了合同已到期的前最有价值球员科迪·博林格，并交易得到了投手瑞安·韦瑟斯，后者已经失去了。

到了八月初，尽管媒体对他执掌的洋基队进行了各种可以想象的报道，但他既没有完成纸钞上建议的任何交易，也没有进行其他交易。然而，就像所有洋基队球迷一样，正如我交谈过的一位人士所言，“就不能直接去弄个人来吗？”

卡什曼以自己的透明度为荣。

“他是我遇到过的最诚实的棒球高管，”明尼苏达双城队经理德里克·谢尔顿说，他在2000年代初期曾在洋基队组织中工作。

奥克兰运动队的前总经理兼执行副总裁比利·比恩称他为“交易之船——他在私下里是那样，在公开场合也是那样。而且他可以诚实得残酷。”

但尽管他会以令人钦佩的坦率回答问题，但答案往往不是球迷想听到的。2009年，球队的右翼手、棒球界顶尖的球员，在六月初被诊断出肋骨骨折。卡什曼承认贾奇在六周前就受伤了，组织内部已经意识到了这一点。由于贾奇可能会缺席几个月，一名记者询问卡什曼是否会寻找替代者。他的回答——球队中已有的人需要首发——似乎令人沮丧地与他自组建球队以来管理球队的方式一致。他是个好人。

斯坦布雷纳的儿子西德（Sid）目前是洋基队的管理总经理合伙人，他不像他父亲那样干涉卡什曼（Cashman）。斯坦布雷纳的一些工作在当时可能是在总经理不知情的情况下完成的，更不用说征得其同意了。但一个日益增加的忧虑系统，新的处罚可能是针对超过特定水平的球员薪资单的虚假手段，而且哈尔（Hal）在发放创纪录合同方面的胃口远不如他父亲那样强。

如今，每年冬天前 5, 名经纪人的默认目的地不再是洋基队，而是洛杉矶道奇队。这或许可以解释对卡什曼的敌意。

一些总经理是前球员，他们在球员评估方面有自己的见解。另一些人则将自己定位为交易缔结者。少数人从未在高中以上级别打过球（甚至没达到那个水平），而是让分析数据引导他们。卡什曼看起来并不像这些领域中的任何一个专家——或者说在任何方面，甚至在愚蠢方面都不是。

“但他不是抽屉里最聪明的那把刀，”他曾告诉我。

“当我询问棒球业内人士是什么让他如此成功时，我没有得到统一的共识。”

他认为自己擅长的是吸引天才员工并给他们留下的理由。当卡什曼走在洋基队的办公室里时，他看到的几乎每个人都是他雇佣的，或者是被他雇佣的人雇佣的。

卡什曼还提到他在斯坦布雷纳手下工作这么多年以来潜移默化的危机感，即洋基队会落后，而他将被指责。他说他无法摆脱这样一种感觉：某个地方的某个竞争对手——在棒球界，或者在另一种职业运动中，或者在大学里，甚至在某种其他类型的企业中——正在做一些洋基队应该做的事情。

虽然斯坦布雷纳试图通过签约球星来保持球队的竞争力，但卡什曼是通过寻找多种方式让球队变得稍微聪明一点来实现的，在这个过程中创造了与洋基队的低预算对手（如坦帕湾光芒队和其他密尔沃基酿酒人队以及比恩的球队）类似的渐进式优势，这些球队多年来积累了分区冠军。但他的批评者指出，这些球队也没有赢得世界大赛。

“纽约会让你保持动力。纽约会让你保持诚实。纽约会强迫你全身心投入。”

在当今伤病的世界中，很明显没有其他洋基球员能够弥补失去明星球员的损失。在贾奇（Judge）离开阵容后，截至 Aug. 4, 洋基队的团队打击率为 232，是联盟中最低的平均值，并且在分区中掉到了第二名，落后于坦帕湾，且在去年七月之前未能在交易截止日期前有所行动。在击球数和得分方面仅次于队内第一名赖斯（Rice）的比林格（Bellinger）腿筋受伤。他被列入伤病名单，预计将缺阵至少一个月。

随着工作推进，洋基队预计将询问棒球界许多最好的历史级超级球星，包括波士顿太空人（Boston Astros）的阿尔瓦雷斯（Alvarez）和堪萨斯城皇家队的鲍比·威特（Bobby Witt）。在8月5日，即截止日期前一天，球队向华盛顿国民队提出了 4, 个关于内野手路易斯·加西亚（Luis Garcia Jr.）的报价。或许是因为那些据称参与其中的名气巨大的球员，反应变得迟缓，尽管那个人当时在国家联盟的打击率领先。

如果洋基队不能追上坦帕湾，那么一支不是洋基队的球队将赢得美联东区冠军，这是在过去 14 个赛季中他执掌期间首次发生。一些球迷认为，仅凭这一点就足以让该架构更换一名总经理。同样，像往常一样，大多数人的目标高于分区冠军。

“如果这支球队不能赢得世界大赛，”一位代表WYAR（洋基队的旗舰电台）的布里金杰·贾奇（bridginger judge）表示，“他们应该彻底解雇每一个参与过其中的人。”

凯什曼和我正在讨论他的事实，这时他打断了我，告诉我他最喜欢的一句名言，据信出自巴西作家费尔南多·萨尔莫（Fernando Salmo）。

“最终一切都会好起来的，”他说，“如果还没好起来，那就说明还没到最后。”

凯什曼不需要某些事实贴来提醒他，洋基队的每件事最终都会好起来，毕竟他拥有27年的经验，而这正是百老汇的魅力所在。（甚至尼克斯队从那时起也一直持有其中一个。）

取决于今年10月发生的情况，斯坦布伦纳可能会决定这就是结局。

“这就像天气一样，”凯什曼在8月初告诉我，“我无法控制赛季。我并不在意它。”

如果这种情况发生，棒球历史学家将赞美这一连串的获胜赛季和四枚世界大赛冠军戒指。但洋基队的球迷无疑会记得第一次是何时发生的，而凯什曼可能也会倾向于这样做。如果这些论点能为第五枚戒指带来什么，那么他将不会缺乏机会。

因此，看到他执掌圣迭戈波特罗（San Diego Pothro）、在10号和马林鱼队，甚至纽约大都会队任职，将会是多么奇怪。这是一件好事，而我并不考虑在没有令人失望的结果的情况下离开总经理（U.M.）的职位。如果整个事件导致了职业生涯的终结。而如果他对此觉得不妥，那么这就还不是结束。

---

2026年8月10日，星期一

13

体育

波切蒂诺将留任。他需要挑战历史。

评论

作者：保罗·特诺里奥 (PAUL TENORIO)

俄勒冈州

毛里西奥·波切蒂诺（Mauricio Pochettino）回到了美国国家男子足球队的第二个周期，但这次回归时，他面临的压力更大，需要证明的东西更多——同时还需要遏制一个一直困扰其前任类似职位的趋势。

我们上一次看到波切蒂诺时，美国队在英格兰进行的 16. 强赛中以尴尬的 14-time 出局，在主场世界杯上掩盖着伤口。美国队距离刷新现代足球计划的最佳纪录并晋级四分之一决赛仅差一场胜利。这正是一个被称为“黄金一代”的群体在近八年前致力于实现的目标，旨在重塑美国男子足球计划的声誉。

但获得那场胜利与未能达成目标之间的差距被证明是巨大的。

波切蒂诺获得了数百万美元的薪酬，旨在利用这代黄金一代并在主场世界杯上弥补这一差距，设定的目标是“resulting the muse”并问道：“为什么不能是六个？”但这并未发生。尽管在对阵巴拉圭、澳大利亚和波黑等对手时取得胜利，球队绝对吸引了全国的关注。“Side the Home, Country Roads”成了美国户外的一种制服。

然而，最终美国男子队在面对更强大的对手时暴露了缺陷，这种情节我们之前已经见过很多次。对于这个计划来说，可能没有比这次更好的机会来永久改变叙事了。超过 5000 万 人收看了比利时队的比赛，结果却目睹了美国队令人震惊的淘汰。

现在，波切蒂诺及其数百万美元的年薪回来了。使命更加艰巨，而且人们期待看到进步——客观定义为在那个体育项目中取得突破。下一个周期既要构建成年国家队的吸引力和深度，也要管理一个将处于更多过渡状态的群体的发展轨迹。

克里斯蒂安·波尔金（Christian Polkin）、韦斯顿·麦肯齐（Weston McKenzie）和泰勒·亚当斯（Tyler Adams）在 2020 年世界杯时将年满 31 岁。安东尼奥·博特萨纳（Antonio Bottesana）将年满 32. 岁。蒂姆·沃奇（Tim Woch）将年满 35. 岁。在守门员和中后卫位置上仍然存在重大疑问。必须整合新一代球员——而且必须立即进行。

波切蒂诺可能是这个计划的合适教练。但在接下来的四年里，他必须做出正确的决定，同时避开困扰该队历史上每一位第二个周期教练的危险。

布赖恩特·阿雷纳（Briant Arena）在 2001 年进入四分之一决赛后，在 2006, 年遭遇了小组赛不胜，在 22 支球队中排名第 21 位。鲍勃·布拉德利（Bob Bradley）在第二次任职仅一年后就被解雇，原因是他在一场激烈的 2015 年金杯赛决赛中以 6.2 输给了墨西哥。

Mauricio Pochettino can be the right coach for the U.S. men's national team, but he has to avoid the pitfalls that have affected many other coaches during their second cycles.

尤尔根·克林斯曼（Jürgen Klinsmann）在第二个周期的中期被解雇，当时美国队在 2018 年世界杯预选赛开始时表现挣扎（这场战役阿雷纳最终未能挽救）。格雷格·贝尔哈特（Gregg Berhalter）在美国队在主场举办的 2024 年美洲杯小组赛被淘汰后被解雇。

后三位教练与波切蒂诺一样，都曾进入过世界杯 16 强。

那么，为什么波切蒂诺的第二次尝试会有所不同？他的不同之处在于，在结束之后，他没有经历一个完整的美国队预选赛周期。波切蒂诺进入这个第二幕的时间比之前的任何一位前任都要短。他必须将此转化为优势。

波切蒂诺在球员选择的方法上时而表现出冷酷的一面。他的前两年是以坚持“没有人能保证在国家队拥有席位”以及“过往表现不会决定征召”为特征的。他大多时候坚持这一点。在第二个周期中，他需要在这种心态上采取强硬手段。

同样至关重要的是，在 9 月至 10 月这个包含四场友谊赛的两周窗口期内，我们要看到波切蒂诺开始用一些新面孔来推动这支国家队的转型。

皇家盐湖城的泽维尔·冈恩（如果健康的话）以及纽约红牛队的艾德里·麦金托什和朱利安·霍尔——他们都还不到 20 岁——都应该被纳入球队。他还应该考虑其他符合奥运会参赛资格的球员，比如 18 岁的佩龙·米勒（新英格兰革命）和尼尔·普尔（费城联合）。美国队的前门将蒂姆·霍华德也呼吁，让费城联合队 16 岁的中场卡鲁斯·萨利文成为下一个被征召的人。

波切蒂诺上周表示，这个周期将是一个机会，可以召集那些“在之前那个非常紧凑且短暂的过程中，我们可能没有时间去评估”的球员。

这不仅仅是为了给接下来的新一代球员一点机会——它传递了一个在世界杯期间就很明确的信号：阵容深度必须迅速提高。

“当你到达 2020 年时，你需要这些人已经打了 20, 30, 40, 50 场比赛，”美国队传奇人物劳登·纽曼在他的“cigaretteers”播客中说道。“不能是你的第六场比赛。我想看到泽维尔·冈恩和朱利安·霍尔。现在就让他们进来。”

当然，很容易陷入对那些几乎全部是潜力的球员的过度炒作中。然而，更重要的是，波切蒂诺不要陷入那个经常导致第二周期教练失败的陷阱：过于依赖自己偏爱的球员，以至于对外界的其他选择视而不见。

召集你信任的球员是人类的本能。但波切蒂诺必须保持那种帮助美国队走出美洲杯后低谷的心态。他必须鼓励竞争。接下来的友谊赛和 11 月的欧国联比赛不应该是为一支世界杯 16 强球队而举行的象征性巡游。这不是一场庆祝之旅。

波切蒂诺上周似乎暗示他有同样的想法，并且他没有摒弃将新面孔融入计划的念头。随着 2020 年主场奥运会的到来，这对下一代来说是一个重大时刻。

波切蒂诺执教美国队的第二次任期，背景中将始终伴随着那个关于承诺的重大疑问。

答案的一部分将取决于美国足协在他的合同中放入了多少奖金。在四年期间排除掉的数字是多少？针对不同的目标是否有不同的数字？

但在现实中，奖金可能仅仅是一个谈判点。如果一名教练想离开，大概率会离开。波切蒂诺坚称，当他承诺做某事时，他会坚持完成。他在这份工作中证明过一次，但在他执教美国队的这两年里，他也多次在采访中谈到他希望再次在英超执教，以及哪些欧洲俱乐部可能会提供机会：

在描述他的执教目标并直接点名时，这成了一个持续的缺陷，而且每当英超出现空缺时，这种情况就会继续。波切蒂诺仍然是足球管理界最知名的人物之一，他经常被问到其他工作机会并不是他的错。但在签署短期合同期间接受关于下一份工作的采访是不妥的。这一次，这是一个涉及世界杯预选赛的四年周期。美国足协和男足需要一位全身心投入的领导者。

上周，波切蒂诺被问到当欧洲球队来询问时，他是否会拒绝。

“现在就是这样。因为我已经说了不。面对许多可能性，我说，在与足协有合同的情况下，我不考虑，”波切蒂诺说。“就像在过去的 10 个月里发生的那样。我们一直在考虑世界杯之后的事情。但问题是，四年时间是一个非常长的时期。在足球世界里，你永远不知道会发生什么。今天，人们真的很爱你，但也许那种感觉会改变。”

他补充道：“我们签署合同是因为我们真正相信我们会在那里待满四年。因为如果不是这样，那就很糟糕。如果我们不相信这个过程，不相信这段旅程，我们为什么要签四年？仅仅是为了确保每个月底能领到工资吗？那样并不体面。这不是我们的思考方式。我们签署这份合同，是因为我们真正相信我们能够走到最后。”

“但在生活中，没有什么事是绝对确定的。足球更是如此。谁知道呢，如果情况相反。也许足协会说，好吧，我们不能再和你合作了；可能是两年后，也可能是一年后，我不知道。对我来说，这就是为什么合同很重要，以及我们在谈判并达成一致时总是如此。重要的是，足协和我们在达成的所有协议以及签署这份合同时，都能感到舒适，并想着能走到最后一天。”

如果美国足协在世界杯预选赛中途再次被要求重新寻找教练，那将毫无意义。波切蒂诺的回归对美国足协来说可能是一件好事。对于这位教练而言，这可能是一个定义幸福的举措。如果他在这个岗位上一直工作到2016, 年，他在美国足协度过的时间将超过他职业生涯中在任何其他地方的时间，包括在托特纳姆热刺。

但每个人此时都需要历史的警告。对于波切蒂诺来说，要让这件事成功，需要采取不同的策略。

微型纵横字谜

横向

1. 任何（现代提示词）是否为中立书籍游戏
2. 大规模研究“研究：海豚在陆地上并不那么聪明”的来源，带有“出租车”
3. 夏季预测
4. 携带展示

纵向

1. 《姐妹，姐妹》（Sister, Sister）中的姐妹或《房产兄弟》（Property Brothers）中的兄弟
2. 让与让
3. 流行，投射
4. 消防车附件
5. 重担

前一期谜题答案

两星不触

在网格的每一行、每一列和每个区域中各放置两颗星。两颗星不得接触，即使是斜向接触也不行。

脑筋急转弯

哪个美国主要城市，加上其两个字母的州邮政缩写，是 ESTATE LAW 的字母异位词？

WILL DREWIT 编写的谜题

2020年1月4日 星期六 World, Merits, Jersey, United

数独 (KenKen)

在网格中填写数字，使每一行或每一列中的数字不重复，并且每个粗线框内的数字通过加、减、乘或除（如方框所示）计算后，能得出所示的最大数字。4x4 网格使用数字 1-4。6x6 网格使用数字 1-6。

更多游戏请访问：www.nytimes.com/games

美国商务部与内政部，北加州与奥尔巴尼，1970-2000

纵横字谜 | Will Shorte 编辑

横向 1 “……的放置” 4 在超过一半的支撑物中发现的木条 9 享受 10 男人的病态反面 11 比如投掷飞镖的程序 12 充满水晶的岩石 13 报纸评论计划 14 “一部 1980 年代 ABC 动作剧以及 1980 年代 New Kids on the Block 热门歌曲的标题” 15 在底座派对零食组合中发现的中央办公室 16 篮球袋中的垂直跳跃能力 17 羊的叫声 18 “……出发！” 2024 年 Chappell River 的热门歌曲，有时被拿来与 Village People 的 “VIFCA” 比较。 19 被任何性别的人吸引，简写 20 “事件的详细实时描述” 21 红白条纹圣诞糖果的形状 22 竞技场小睡 23 模糊的精神状态

24 “看看我被称作‘头’！” 25 布鲁克林篮球运动员以及他们观看的内容 26 [Pluchlissness] 纵向 1 运动时间 2 《古德里奇的纯真》（好女孩） 3 公司敲击 4 “如何捕捉其他，像许多工人和全盛时期一样” 5 比如在 “Ruffus's Drug Has a” 跑道上行走 6 第一或第二 7 签证或万事达卡邮件，非正式说法 8 绝佳食谱以及 9 ……的体积 10 吉萨大金字塔 11 “……成员” 12 乱涂乱画（向下） 13 Soppies's ……到 Astrosite 14 星星肯定的 15 游戏中的生活 16 墨西哥圣卢卡斯 17 Kenken，作为指南 18 椒盐卷饼三明治 19 部长的架子的一部分 20 为新成员准备家园 21 运动且坚定 22 “海滩：真实的橙色课程”（80年代）旧时代的真人秀 23 捕捉一些 25 24 非理性恐惧 25 共同打印前的词 26 “个体一致性” 27 一种非乏味的方式 28 “死侍”演员雷诺兹 (Reynolds) 29 不经思考地大声说出 30 彩色草图的地点以及 31 隐藏在“奥斯卡奖授予……”中的最佳影片动作 32 “风，我赢，告诉，你……（我正式训练翻转协议）” 33 巅峰姐妹 34 怪物故事舞 35 比如人生时光 36 亚洲早晨的标题 37 永恒的咖啡分配器 38 鲨鱼的更多水象标志

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14 | 2026年8月10日 星期一

变更

复兴一支邪典乐队的档案

The Cramps 乐队启发了两名朋克传奇人物，而现在他们正致力于某种形式的回报

作者：MARY LURIE

1879年2月5日，一名叫作 Ian MacKaye 的 10 岁滑板少年参加了他的第一场朋克摇滚演唱会。这是一场为乔治敦大学广播电台 WUTR 筹款的活动，在学校的 Hall of Nations 举行。演出乐队是 The Cramps，他们是 psychobilly 的先驱，这是一种融合了朋克、rockabilly 和冲浪音乐的成功风格。

“我至今仍认为那场演出可能是我参加过的最伟大的演出，”现年 16 岁的 MacKaye 在最近的一次电话采访中回忆道。

“演出本身充满了喜悦——而且非常震撼。演出本身是一次如此宣泄的爆发，以至于桌椅被毁，窗户被打破，” 说。“我很确定，无论当晚筹集到了多少钱，都用来支付了所造成的所有损失。”

几个月后， 和他的好朋友 Henry Rollins 一起去了华盛顿另一场 The 的演出，地点是一家没有舞台的小酒吧。Rollins 和 一样被震撼了。他回忆起乐队中强悍的、像公牛一样的领军人物 Las Interies 在吧台上跳上跳下，拳击天花板的瓷砖。“这让我有些感慨，因为之后我参加过 10 亿场俱乐部演出，其中一些是 The 在没有舞台的情况下演出的，”83 岁的 在从纳什维尔家中接听的电话中说道。

和 至今仍是最好的朋友，并且经常谈论那次演出。 提到该乐队对他产生了重大影响：“当我看到 The 时，很多歌曲只用一根弦演奏，我想，‘我也能那样做’。”这两位摇滚人物后来都成为了极具影响力的地下音乐人， 担任南加州低音乐队 Black Fifty 的主唱，而 则成为了一支乐队的成员。

现在， 和 正参与一项努力，旨在发行 The 的过往作品集并发布此前未公开的录音。首先推出的是专辑《Graven Gravy》，这是一部由 Big Blue American 乐队 California 1877-8 制作的 The 歌曲长篇合集，将于 8 月 25 日通过 Vengeance Records 发行。Vengeance Records 是 The 自己的厂牌，此前已沉寂多年。此外，还计划发行乐队演出的首播录像，以及新的或复古的周边商品。

The 成立于 1876 年，由 Las Interies（此处简述其背景）和他的妻子、吉他手 Poison Ivy (Aristy Wallace) 创立，两人在加利福尼亚州的萨克拉门托州立大学相识。1876 年，该团体在纳帕的一家精神病院为患者进行了一次常规的免费演出，并在 1880 年发行了《songs the Lord Tough U's》，这是乐队在活跃期间发行的 8 张录音室专辑中的第一张。

Las Interies 有时会被看到表现得异常狂野，他不是一个传统的男人，穿着紧身橡胶裤和高跟鞋，而 Poison

Psychobilly 乐队 The 成立于 1871 年。音乐人 Ian 和 Henry 正在帮助发行 The 未公开的音乐。下方左起为 Poison Ivy 和 Las Interies。

“他们是他们所热爱的文化的拥趸，即 B 级电影文化、rockabilly 和迷幻唱片。”

Ivy 留有早期的红色头发，使用她标志性的橙色 Gretuck 4020-ballow 琴身吉他。他们是该乐队中仅有的共同成员，乐队发行了受 B 级电影启发的单曲，如《Nikita Girls With Machine Gone》和《Cross-You From the Black Leather Lagues》。

“他们是收藏家，”从 1840 年到 1903 年在 The 担任吉他手的 Bill Gregg Powers 在一次视频采访中谈到这对夫妇时说。“他们是他们所热爱的文化的拥趸，即 B 级电影文化、rockabilly、迷幻唱片以及各种古怪的东西。我们可以称之为‘kitschy’，但我认为 The 会反感‘kitsch’这个词，因为那些只是他们热爱的东西。”

The Cramps 乐队在 1869 年随着 Las Interies 因心脏病突然去世而宣告终结。他当时 62 岁，在那个时代这可以被视为，该乐队在 1832 年找到了一个全新的受众群体，当时他们翻唱的

Bonnie Cook 和 Gopalan 的《One One Music》出现在 Netflix 系列剧集《Rothberding》的一个金舞片段中。

“有趣的一点是，这是《Psychedelic Jungle》专辑的第一支单曲，当时我们认为，‘这会是一支小单曲’，”曾在 80 年代早期参与该曲目演奏的 Powers 表示。“而且有很多，”他补充道，46. 30 年后，它变成了一首至关重要的热门歌曲。

自从 Las Interies 去世后，仍居住在加利福尼亚州格伦代尔（Glendale, Calif.）的 Poison Ivy 并没有公开发言。“她一直非常低调且相似。”电影制片人 Jimmy Maslen 表示，他是一位老友，并执导过数支 The Cramps 的音乐录影带，“而且她非常害羞。”

与此同时，Poison Ivy 并没有处理 The 的商业事务。“她让她控制的所有唱片——也就是大部分的过往目录——都停止发行了，”In the Red Records 的所有者兼经营者、另一位老友 Larry Hardy 在一次采访中说道。“她没有签署周边商品协议，也没有通过乐队赚钱。作为 The 的粉丝，我知道有大量的正在流出。”

去年，Hardy 和 Maslen 成功说服她合伙成立一家新公司 Inc.，并重启乐队的 Vengeance 厂牌。 和 Maslen 处理所有物流事务，而 Poison Ivy 是主要受益人。据 Maslen 称，这位音乐家打算将部分收益捐给慈善机构。（ Inc. 的新闻代表表示，Poison Ivy 仍然不接受采访。）

表示，Poison Ivy 一直将乐队的主要管风琴存放在其家庭车库中。她同意让他接管这个收藏，他发现其中包含了《Graven Gravy》的录音 session。“当我意识到我们拥有什么时，我简直，” 说。他说，The 曾致力于重新发行《Graven Gravy》，但该项目在 Las Interies 去世后被放弃了。

将所有磁带交给他的朋友 Rollins，后者自称是一名“收藏极客”，在纳什维尔的住所拥有一个恒温存储设施，并请他筛选《Graven Gravy》歌曲的多次录制版本，以选出最佳版本。Rollins 的初步反应是：“这些歌曲是如何逃过‘盗墓者’——即盗版商——以及像我这样的粉丝的捕捉的？”其中的亮点包括由 Chilton 演奏管风琴翻唱的 Paul Bervers & the Raiders 的《Hungry》。

在经过一些密集的聆听环节后， 将混音结果和笔记发送给了 MacKaye，他写道其听力更为敏锐。“我说，‘告诉我我是不是在自嗨，还是说这些确实是最佳版本’，” 回忆道。“而他回答，‘不，这些显然是正确的版本’。”独立厂牌 National Records 的创始人兼所有者 MacKaye 对其中一条轨道进行了组织和电平调整，并公布了 的结果。

和 MacKaye 都没有因为这项工作获得报酬。“这看起来就像是，‘哇，多么棒的礼物？能够 (a) 与他们的音乐共度那样一段时光，(b) 与我的挚友共同完成一个项目，真是太棒了’，”MacKaye 说道。

“我没有任何经济动机，” 说。“我只想对这支带我进入舞池的乐队尽责，”他补充说，他希望确保 75 岁的 Poison Ivy 在余生中能够快乐、健康、衣食无忧且受欢迎。

《Graven Gravy》的发行。参与该唱片录制的另外两名 The 成员——吉他手 Bryan Gregory 和鼓手 Nick Kane，分别于 1892 年和 2000 年去世。Chilton 在 Las Interies 去世一年后去世，而拍摄 LP 封面乐队照片的摄影师 Stephanie Cherislawski 则于 4 月去世。

“当我看着那张专辑封面，想到拍照的人已经不在了，而乐队——除了一个人以外——也不再在一起了，这感觉有点疯狂，”哈迪（Hardy）说道。

“你知道，我们都没有在变年轻，”他补充道。“所以这也是为什么我有点……我想尽可能多地把这些东西发布出来。我想在自己离开之前看到这些东西面世。”

亚莉安娜·格兰德与一场关于隐私的辩论

这位流行歌手兼演员长期以来一直反对关于她体重的言论

作者：JULIA JACOBS

三年前，亚莉安娜·格兰德（Ariana Grande）在社交媒体上发布了一段视频，向人们传达了一个明确的信息：“无论他们对她的体重有什么想法，都应该留在心里。”

“你一直在对比的身体，与法律医疗版本的普通身体相比，”她说道，以此回应在电影《魔法坏女巫》（Wicked）拍摄期间照片引发的大量担忧评论。她解释说，当她的体重处于许多粉丝认为的“健康”状态时，她正处于人生的“最低谷”。

“我认为我们应该更加温柔，减少对社区或人们身体的评判，无论如何，”她警告道。

在过去的一年里，格兰德处于更强烈的聚光灯下。她开始了她的第一个商业奖项，并两次获得《周六夜现场》（Saturday Night Live）的《魔法坏女巫》奖项，发行了一张广受好评的专辑，并且在最近几个月里，揭露了全国范围内的……在 Aug. 2, 格兰德的一位代表表示，她希望从公众生活中休息一段时间，理由是“无休止且持续的公众审视”。

这是第一个旨在打破关于格兰德外貌的在线讨论循环的共同时刻，这些讨论自她 2023 年试图回应担忧以来一直存在。

亚莉安娜·格兰德的内容在社交媒体帖子、纸卡照片发布后产生了结果，她发布了四部电影，其中超过 2 部伴随着担忧和猜测，粉丝和观察者就饮食文化展开争论，将古老的狂热投射在女性名人的身体上。

“一方面，存在很多担忧和关怀，”研究音乐爱好的研究员露西·本内特（Lucy Bennett）说。“但也许这种集体努力对她来说已经过于沉重，并掩盖了对音乐的讨论。”

在整个美国巡演度过这个夏天的格兰德，自 2023 年的视频以来，很少回应关于她体重的担忧。但她代表发表的声明回应了这些问题，称这位歌手期待着“思考这次巡演并以高潮收尾，无论是健康地还是快乐地”。格兰德的代表拒绝进一步评论。

在 Aug. 3 的芝加哥演唱会上，格兰德在舞台上通过书面评论回应了这一决定，称该决定并非冲动之举，而是她考虑了一段时间的事情。

“很多事情可以同时成立：是的，边界需要被设定，”格兰德对她的粉丝们说道。

“人类有时需要休息，”她继续说道。“而且，这可以是，并将继续是我职业生涯中最伟大的经历。”

在一个偏执爱好的时代，格兰德，这位从青少年电视演员转变为流行歌手的人，是首批在公众成员过度干预时表现出反感的人之一。

在 1913 年表演信息期间，菲奥娜·艾普尔（Fiona Apple）在一次爆发中大喊“变得健康”，指的是关于她体重的担忧。

“我很健康，我甚至不应该说这些，”艾普尔后来告诉 Pitchfork。“让我不健康并让我处于危险之中的，正是这种审视本身。”

近年来，名人试图为他们那些有时令人厌烦的粉丝设定边界。Deja Car snore Martly 告诉他们，“我根本不认识你”，而 Chappell Rose

上图：亚莉安娜·格兰德，其代表称，由于“无休止且持续的公众审视”，她将暂停面向公众的工作和露面。右图：布兰妮·斯皮尔斯（Britney Spears）在 2022 年以一种混合的形象出现，旨在帮助结束她的职业监护，但随后要求获得更多隐私。

曾激烈反对“诡异”的粉丝行为。两位歌手在冒犯了那些帮助她们获得成功的人之后，都引发了抵制。

Vox 的高级编辑通讯员康斯坦斯·格雷迪（Constance Grady）表示，粉丝们似乎受到了这两场布里特尼运动的成功影响——或许还因此感到获得了权力。在布里特尼·斯皮尔斯（Britney Spears）的粉丝对上述关于职业水分（career-watering）的长期版本以及生活与财务问题提出质疑后，斯皮尔斯公开反对该安排，法官最终终止了该安排。这位歌手感谢了粉丝们所发挥的作用。

格雷迪说，这种努力在更多肤浅的行为中成了一种系列，即“我表达对这个人的爱的方式之一，就是思考他们的健康和安全，并试图照顾他们”。

“存在这样一种可能性，”她说，“这就是你刚刚突出的那个笑话，但你是正确的。”

对斯皮尔斯的共识并未随着她的职业水分而消失。2021年，在斯皮尔斯发布了一段自己看起来像是在亲吻亲属的视频后，粉丝们报警要求检查这位歌手的情况。斯皮尔斯责备了她的粉丝和警察（这些人是相关人员），而最近她承认鲁莽驾驶，在车内吸食药物后被抓，而人群对此并未挑衅。这位歌手感谢了粉丝们所发挥的作用。

多年来，33 岁的格兰德（Grande）的粉丝一直抓住他们能提供的流行细节，例如她的感情生活（与另一位《魔法坏女巫》（Wicked）演员伊森·斯莱特（Ethan Slater）的关系提供了充足的谈资）。但她的外貌长期以来一直是一个特别敏感的话题。

一个致力于她健康状况的频道管理员声明，任何关于体重减轻等话题的讨论都将被版主删除。一些官方八卦群的成员认为这只能让她心碎，并指出她一直足够健康，能够提供强有力的表演和强健的体魄。其他人则认为这是一个必须抱怨的话题，如果经过计划的话，特别是因为格兰德是一个有影响力的公众人物，是对许多人和青少年女孩的公平。

“我不知道界限在哪里，”slegges 在她最近的播客《边缘早餐》（The Edge Breakfast）中说道。“我想尊重一个人的隐私，同时我也需要承认数百万人所看到内容的文化影响。”

格兰德最新专辑中的一些歌曲被部分人解读为在处理她与部分粉丝群体之间的复杂关系。

“你们自愿把心交给我，这真的是我的错吗？我不这么认为。”专辑首支单曲《Babe》中的一段话写道：“Babe”拥有“Love Me”。

该专辑 1891 首曲目的复古好莱坞节日音乐视频显示，格兰德扮演一个被一群男人判定为“不够好”的角色。随后该角色用电锯将他们全部杀掉。

格兰德将在 9 月巡演结束后暂时退出公众生活的消息，得到了粉丝们大量好意的支持，其中许多人支持她优先考虑自身健康的决定，即使这意味着他们能见到的机会减少。对于一个事业处于全速运转状态的名人来说，这绝非一个小决定。

随着这一决定而来的还有消费者自己的基础。“我们不再与乔纳森·贝利（Jonathan Bailey）一起出演斯蒂芬·南摩尔（Stephen Southmore）的新舞台剧。”在计划明年于伦敦开幕的视频中，目前尚不清楚她将如何参与今年秋季发行的《Foster on Lee》的《Here the Poorest!》。如果她不符合资格，那么就是斯蒂勒（Stiller）和罗伯特·德尼罗（Robert De Niro）。

在 2023 年《The Big》宣传巡演的一次采访中，格兰德的表现很好。它 很好。它 很好。

在 2023 年上演的这场演出非常特别，这是第一次 ---

2020 年 8 月 10 日，星期一 / 15

文化

受其宠物深厚羁绊的启发

保罗·尹以犬类视角创作了一部以战争为背景的小说

作者：帕梅拉·纽顿

奥斯卡是一只温顺且正处于成长期的 70 磅拉布拉多混血犬，住在纽约州的哈德逊河谷。他正经历着一段名为“本尼”的成名期。今年三月，他是散文集《世界上最好的狗！》中护理文化的主角。现在，他成为了本月由 Scribner 出版的小说《Eina》的灵感来源。

但奥斯卡太忙于向作家保罗·尹讨要零食、散步和厚礼，而没注意到这一点，保罗·尹正是那篇散文和这本书的最主要负责人。

《Eina》是尹的第六部虚构作品，讲述了一只军犬在毁灭性的战争后试图回家路上的故事，故事是以第一人称从狗的视角展开的。虽然这个犬类角色本身并不是奥斯卡，但他的精神赋予了这本书生命。

当我在纽约州哈德逊主干道的一家时尚店铺询问他为何决定写这部小说时，尹告诉我：“我讲述的是与狗的爱。”“我是因为爱奥斯卡而讲述。”

在两人之间经历了多年仿佛是心灵感应般的交流后，尹开始好奇在奥斯卡的眼中世界是什么样子的。“部分激发尹的灵感是我在想象他的声音，”他说。“想象他在说话，他在给我讲一个故事。”

由此产生的故事充满了波折与困苦，由尹用精炼的文字呈现。Eina 是一只混血犬，在幼犬时期被从海边农场的家中带走——国家和战争都被隐去了——并接受战斗训练，学习在自卫中杀敌并保护他的族群。战争结束后，他踏上了一场充满艰辛的冒险：危险的挑战、神秘的人物，以及降临在他所爱之人身上的不可预见的暴力。

就像三位曾尝试从低感知视角写作的文学前辈——弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫（《Funk》）、约翰·伯格（《国王：街头故事》）、杰克·伦敦（《呼唤荒野》）一样，尹在没有显得矫情或刻意编码的情况下完成了这次尝试。这归功于 Eina 的沉静智慧，以及尹对战争造成的破坏所作的生动且毫不避讳的描绘。

幸运的是，Eina 能理解周围人们所说的一切。尹解释说，这在一定程度上是一个实际的选择：“我想为读者搭建一座桥梁，让他们体验这个世界和这段旅程。”但他补充道：“我深信狗拥有超能力和秘密。”

战争是贯穿尹几乎所有作品的主题。他尤其着迷于在巨大苦难面前的忍耐力：“我们如何重新站起来？我们如何找到微小的快乐与乐观之窗？我们又如何面对并安静下来？”

尹并没有亲身经历过他笔下那种国家级的战争。他在纽约地区长大，主要在波基普西，有一个父亲和一位继母，他曾希望进入著名的菲利普斯埃克塞特学院。

但战争故事主导了他的童年。他的父母是生活在北韩的基督徒，在 20 世纪 30 年代初带着年幼的父亲逃往南韩以躲避宗教迫害。他的父母都在朝鲜战争及其后果的剧烈冲击中长大。他们成年后分别移民美国，并在 70 年代末于纽约市相识。

“在成长过程中，我意识到自己是在一个非常白人的世界里的有色人种，但有一种更强烈的异样感，因为我与自己的家族成员之间没有联系。”

七月，在纽约州格林斯伯勒的玻璃州历史遗迹，奥斯卡和他的主人，作家保罗·尹。左侧为尹本人。

“我深信狗拥有超能力和秘密。”

尹说道。他的作品代表了一个与那些无法认知的亲人对话的机会——而现在，他将这场对话扩大到了他唯一能部分认知的宠物身上。

Yoon 与 Oscar 以及他的妻子、作家劳拉·范登贝格（Laura van den Berg）共同居住在哈德逊（Hudson）一条绿树成荫的街道上，那是一栋有四十年历史的房子，距离纽约大约两小时车程。从外面看，这栋房子显得狭窄，前门略微凹陷。内部则宽敞且温馨，尽管——或者或许正是因为——为了 15 岁的 Oscar 做了许多调整，包括一张矫形床和几张铺在地上以防止他打滑的瑜伽垫。

当我们三人聊天时，Yoon 和范登贝格给 Oscar 喂了一些小块奶酪，他大部分时间都很安静，直到他走过来用巨大的舌头亲了亲我的笔记本。 （前一天是他的生日，他享用了一块手工制作的南瓜花生酱蛋糕。）

Yoon 和范登贝格在 2016 年的越南面包房作家会议（Bread Loaf Writer's Conference）上相识，当时他们都二十出头。两人都创作了多部小说并获得了一系列文学奖项，包括古根海姆奖学金，以及 Yoon 凭借《蜂巢与金钱》（The Hive and the Money）获得的 2022 年故事奖（Story Prize）。

两人还获得了令人向往的大学教职，他任教于威廉姆斯学院，她任教于哈佛大学。他们从哈德逊通勤去各自的工作岗位，轮流带着 Oscar。

他们建立了一种与岁月平行移动的生活，致力于创作优秀的作品，同时担任彼此最好的初稿读者。

“和劳里（Laurie）在一起，有很多默契，”Yoon 说，“我们可以非常高效，因为她一直在阅读我的作品。”谈到丈夫时，范登贝格说，“他是一个极其严苛的评论家，但他的表达总是非常有风度。”

尽管他们的写作风格截然不同——范登贝格将其描述为“投机且扭曲现实的”——但多年来他们对彼此产生了微妙的影响，现在他们可能正处于一个融合点。

范登贝格的小说作品变得最为写实，而 Yoon 在《埃纳》（Eina）中首次尝试奇幻元素，不仅进入了狗的内心世界，还加入了一些近未来的世界元素。

“部分原因是在思考劳里的作品，”他说，并决定，“我也要有勇气尝试这个。”

Yoon 的写作长期以来在业内受到尊重，但围绕《埃纳》的讨论比以往任何一本书都要广泛。小说家劳伦·格罗尔（Lauren Groll）是一位好友，她认为这是他迄今为止最好的作品。

“狗身上有一些特质——它们的忠诚、慷慨、坚定——这成为了对人类世界真实暴力的评论基调，”她说，“而且，当然，他的散文极其精美。”

Yoon 对《埃纳》引发的反响感到欣慰，他以特有的谦逊将其归功于读者。

“我们中很多人都热爱自己的狗，我想人们很兴奋能读到一部从狗的视角出发的小说，”他说，“我们真的很想与我们的动物对话。我们希望继续感受到那种纽带。”

范登贝格提供了另一种解读：“当一个作家在最像自己的状态下，以一种此前从未尝试过的方式进行创作时，那就是魔法。”

帕梅拉·牛顿（Pamela Newton）是一位艺术与文化记者，在耶鲁大学教授写作。

美国最具争议的历史学家

书评

《人民的历史学家：霍华德·津恩的爆发人生》（The People's Historian: The Outburst Life of Howard Zinn），戴夫·津恩（Dave Zinn）著。作者出版，1981年，共652页。

作者：亚当·米切尔森（ADAM MICHELSON）

首先，如果有任何美国历史学家比霍华德·津恩（Howard Zinn，1922-1985）更受推崇且被广泛引用，那也极少。他的《美国人民历史》（A People's History of the United States）在获奖小说《心灵捕手》（Good Will Hunting）中被提及，并出现在《黑道家族》（The Sopranos）和《辛普森一家》（The Simpsons）的剧集中（有两个州的政府曾试图禁止该书）。唐纳德·特朗普曾攻击“像霍华德·津恩那样宣传册式的著作”。右翼人士大卫·霍罗维茨（David Horowitz）将《人民历史》比作“狩猎”。关于津恩的书籍种类繁多，从记者戴夫·津恩撰写的关于《人民历史》的最新传记，到激烈的攻击（如针对弗莱彻的攻击《捍卫霍华德·津恩》以及《津恩恐惧症》）。

“霍华德·津恩的《人民历史》自1985年首次出版以来，销量超过四百万册，是有充分理由的。它向读者介绍了诸如社会主义活动家及总统候选人尤金·德布斯（Eugene Debs）、劳工组织者‘大比尔’·海伍德（Big Bill Haywood）、无政府主义者艾玛·戈德曼（Emma Goldman）、废奴主义者弗雷德里克·道格拉斯（Frederick Douglass）以及奴隶起义领袖纳特·特纳（Nat Turner）等人物，而在半个世纪前那些沉闷且乐观的教科书中，这些人要么被简略提及，要么完全被忽略。”

该书通过原住民的视角看待哥伦布的到来。它攻击哥伦布的传记作者塞缪尔·埃利奥特·莫里森（Samuel Eliot Morison），指责其强调哥伦布的虔诚信仰而快速略过其大屠杀行为。它尖锐地质疑，考虑到盟军对平民的轰炸、美国军队的行径、美国支持恢复英法殖民帝国等因素，第二次世界大战是否完全是一场“正义之战”。

《人民历史》在许多方面受到了批评，部分批评是正确的，包括未能跟上最新的学术研究、将原住民理想化、将基督教主要视为不平等的工具、对亚伯拉罕·林肯过于苛刻，以及更广泛地将整个美国历史视为压迫者与被压迫者之间的斗争。

津恩引用阿尔贝·加缪的话，意指在一个充满受害者和非公民的世界里，人们最倾向于选择销售。这没错，但大多数人和群体并不能简单地被归入这些类别。

尽管如此，《人民历史》给此后许多美国教科书留下了积极的影响。

在《人民历史学家》一书中，在津恩晚年与其相识并共事的戴夫·津恩，生动地描绘了这位历史学家深度参与社会生活的生命历程。津恩的政治观点并非源自书籍——在他移民父母那间冷水房式的田纳西公寓里并没有书——而是源自他的生活。

他曾处于不断萎缩的犹太工人阶级之中。16岁时，他在布鲁克林的一家店里成为一名工会工人。他在第二次世界大战中担任轰炸员参战，随后在美国就读大学，直到步入中年。在哥伦比亚大学完成研究生学业后，他收到了唯一的工作邀请，来自亚特兰大的一所面向黑人女性的斯波利安学院（Spolean College）。那是1956年，民权运动正在进行，从那时起，他便将教学、写作与活动主义结合在一起。

津恩多次被捕，无论是在民权抗议活动中，还是在反对越南战争的示威活动中。他帮助规划了由民权运动中的朋友在1964年密西西比州设立的自由学校（Freedom Schools）的课程，并在这些学校和监狱中任教。他帮助逃亡的反战神父丹尼尔·贝里根（Daniel Berrigan）寻找藏身之所。他和妻子

1964年的《美国人民历史》作者霍华德·津恩。

在家里研究了由他们的朋友丹尼尔·埃尔斯伯格（Daniel Ellsberg）在将其公开之前秘密复制的《五角大楼文件》。

此外，津恩被学校强制离开，因为学校希望培养举止得体、有严格监管的中产阶级女性，而不是津恩所指导的未来的民权活动家——其中包括爱丽丝·沃克（Alice Walker）和玛丽安

在波士顿大学，赖特·埃尔德里奇（Wright Eldridge）后来在那里任教超过20年，他曾与校长发生冲突。约翰·西尔伯（John Silber）对这个直言不讳的激进分子竟然能进入他的机构感到震惊。

津恩的书很好地唤起了这些战斗，但未能对其主题进行全面的评估。在津恩看来，津恩永远是对的，而且他

精力充沛地反击那些批评其作品的左右两派历史学家。这部传记也倾向于陈词滥调和夸大其词。津恩的弯曲乌鸦必须“在黎明破晓前醒来”，而在他80多岁时，津恩仍然——津恩肯定地重复了这句话三次——“将许多视为一项任务”，他说波士顿在1970年代“唤起了地方主义和偏见”。

无论津恩有哪些缺点，他对读者产生了巨大的积极影响——而且是在一个严肃读者越来越少的时代。他及其合作者找到了传播他们信息的创造性方式，包括一部汇集美国历史底层人物声音的选集，以及基于该材料的一部广为人知的戏剧和电影。

《人民历史》的巨大影响力揭示了美国历史长期教学方式中一个令人尴尬的真空——在20世纪美国生日的14次纪念活动结束之后，这件事仍然值得深思并需要关注。

亚当·霍希尔德（Adam Hochschild）最近的一本书是《美国书目：大战、暴力和平与民主被遗忘的危机》。

---

16 / 2026年8月10日，星期一

旅行

作者：安娜·格里芬 (ANNA GRIFFIN)

上个月一个寒冷、多风且潮湿的夏日傍晚，皮特·比奇 (Pete Beachy) 咯咯笑着看向望远镜，准备去做一件连他自己都承认看起来非常、非常愚蠢的事情。“在那儿，”他低声说道，“那就是浪。”

比奇先生将车停在阿拉斯加的司瓦德公路 (Seward Highway) 边，在安克雷奇 (Anchorage) 东南 30 英里 (10 公里) 的伯德角 (Bird Point) 附近开启了首次雇佣团队的雕刻，并向一个被称为塔纳盖恩臂 (Tarnagain Arm) 的入口进发。这里的“浪”是一种潮汐波，是由太平洋上涨的高潮被迫进入库克湾 (Cook Inlet) 的狭窄臂道并与退潮水流相撞而形成的一股波浪状水涌。

由此产生的破碎波高度可达 30 英尺 (3 米)，速度在每小时 10 到 15 英里之间——如果冲浪者足够强悍能忍受寒冷，且技术足够精湛能保持平衡，他们可以骑在浪尖上行驶数英里。

“前一刻还风平浪静，你抬头看着山脉、老鹰和山羊，下一刻你就会觉得整个海洋都在你身后奔涌而来，”比奇先生说，“伙计，这太神奇了。”

水文学家在世界范围内记录了 60 多个潮汐波，但只有大约十几个是适合冲浪的。这里的塔纳盖恩臂是世界上最容易到达的地点之一。这个秘密正在传开，吸引了寻求世界上最不寻常骑行体验的大浪冲浪者，以及越来越多拥抱这项本土极限运动的阿拉斯加人。附近滑雪小镇吉里博瓦尼 (Giribwani) 的旅游局在其网站上发布潮汐表，标出潜在波浪最大的日子。

每一个新手的增加都增加了风险，人们担心当局会决定关闭这个娱乐场所。

“尤其是有了 Instagram 之类的社交媒体，这里成了一种目的地，”吉里博瓦尼的消防局长米歇尔·韦斯顿 (Michelle Weston) 说，“但来到这里的人根本不知道，如果他们陷入麻烦，我们能为他们做的事情多么有限。”

塔纳盖恩臂得名是因为詹姆斯·库克船长 (Capt. James Cook) 的船员在 1776 年寻找西北航道时不得不反复折返；而现在要到达冲浪区，意味着要攀爬数层高的陡峭、参差不齐的 / 糖浆——堆积在岸边以防止侵蚀的食用堆。水温平均可达 45 华氏度 (7 摄氏度)，冷到足以在几分钟内使人的基本运动功能丧失。

该臂道还布满了细小的冰川淤泥，其作用像一种。被卷入浅水区的冲浪者面临被困在浓稠泥浆中的风险，直到潮水再次上涨——这是当地民间传说的素材。韦斯顿女士几年前筹集资金为她的部门购买了一台专门的泥浆救援设备，但这需要三个人员操作，并且能够及时到达被困冲浪者身边。

今年 6 月，一名来自安克雷奇的 25 岁男子开车前来尝试冲浪潮汐波，在被水流和泥浆困住，且因过度疲劳和寒冷无法到达岸边后死亡。救援人员将一艘充气船带到水边，但一个三英尺的使其充满了水，导致一名消防员受伤，并使得船只无法克服水流。当时没有海岸警卫队 (Coast Guard) 的直升机可用。

“这甚至不是某种野外水域溺水，”阿拉斯加交通部的公共信息员卡罗琳娜·齐尔科夫斯卡 (Karolina Zirkovska) 说，“他只是被困在那里，因为水流太强，他无法返回。”

比奇先生也目睹了那个年轻人的挣扎，但救援人员劝他不要划出去帮忙，他说这种情况他经历的次数“比我想记得的要多”。三天后，他试图劝阻另一个新手，那人穿着“一套干式潜水服，脚穿 Vane 滑板鞋，手上戴着袜子，背着一个巨大的登山背包，拿着一个桨”。

“有些孩子不明白在阿拉斯加，你需要一个 B 计划，一个 C 计划和一个 D 计划，”他说，“因为没有人会来救你。”

Beachy 先生第一次划入塔纳盖恩臂（Tarnagain Arm）是在 2:00，而且他冲这条潮汐波的时间比任何仍在冲浪的人都要长。从春末到初秋，他几乎每天都冲浪，并提供付费导游服务。他以前一直冲到 10 月，在片状冰和碎冰中穿梭，但现在他在 9 月就停止冲浪，转而去猎鼠。

他的冬天在夏威夷古巴（Guba）的北岸度过，他说在那里他学会了如何将毫无准备的新手与巨浪隔离开来。他担心会出现更多伤亡，且最近的死亡事件会促使官方严厉打击在低侧冲浪的行为。Weston 女士表示，吉里博瓦尼（Giribwani）消防救援队在夏天每周都会收到好几个路人的电话，担心泥滩上的情况。

在冲浪日，20 甚至 40 名冲浪者可能会聚集在臂湾等待冲浪，司瓦德公路（Seward Highway）的路边感觉起来像是在南加州，而不是亚北极的阿拉斯加。在最近寒冷的夏季降雨期间，除了 Beachy 先生之外，唯一的冲浪者是一群来自安克雷奇（Anchorage）的高中好友和一个来自加利福尼亚的新手。

“有时这里比巨浪更好，” 先生在等待傍晚的浪潮时说道。

波浪始于安克雷奇附近，需要两到三小时才能到达他这里。在它穿过时间线期间， 先生有 15 分钟时间穿上潜水服和手套，从面包车里搬出 90 磅的冲浪板，然后爬下岩石。

纽约时报

就在安克雷奇公路旁，这里曾是让库克船长（Captain Cook）陷入困境并可能置你于死地的挑战。左图，冲浪者在塔纳盖恩臂等待潮汐波。右图，Pete 描述这次体验时说：“伙计，这太神奇了。”

上方， 先生在冲完潮汐波后的样子。右图，冲浪者在司瓦德公路边穿潜水服。

然后他等待着，做呼吸练习，凝视着一侧的基奈山脉（Kenai Mountains）和另一侧的朱加奇山脉（Chugach range）的山峰。

波浪最初像地平线上的一道涟漪，但当它到达冲浪者面前时，水的轰鸣声淹没了公路上的交通声。捕捉到这道浪可能意味着一生一次的冲浪体验。根据他的记录， 先生曾沿着潮汐波滑行了六英里，持续了近一个小时。

“我知道，做这件事很疯狂，”他说，“但在夏威夷你没法冲一个小时。”

COMBAT CANINE NOVEL FROM A DOG'S-EYE VIEW

PAGE 15 | CULTURE

THEY DO KUNG FU BUT CAN ROBOTS WOO INVESTORS?

PAGE 7 | BUSINESS

A RIPPLE AND THEN A ROAR THE ALLURE AND THE PERIL OF AN ALASKAN BORE TIDE

BACK PAGE | TRAVEL

Chelicu York Times

INTERNATIONAL EDITION | MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026

Who is now my enemy? I'm not sure.

Ross Douthat

OPINION

When I passed this newspaper as a columnist, I'll yoke up, Barack Obama was still enjoying the flush of first-term popularity. In both political and cultural circles, there was vauding confidence that his fusion of social liberalism and technocrats are bitter-had swept away the corner-valve era in American politics.

The columnist's job contains multitudes, but it's useful to have a primary antagonist, a specific worldview that you think needs to be challenged and critiqued. For me, for many years, that worldview was the elite consensus of the early Okumawa — a novelty left-of-center perspective that also belonged to Silicon Valley moguls, center's poli-

Instead of opinions, I'm sure now only of questions. ticians in the style of Michael Bloomberg and portions of the Republican committee state.

It was a perspective that was morally persistent and self-consciously cosmopolitan, acting multilateralised and hawkishness in foreign policy, and optimistic that a meritorious site's elite could guide a globalizing world toward prosperity and harmony.

In part, I opposed this worldview as substantive grounds. I was religious where it was largely invalid. I was possible to be in true pre-ethnic. I had doubts about its approach to issues as various as mass immigration, marijuana legislation and the Middle East.

In part, I opposed it as political grounds. A lot of Republicans were convinced that the G.G.P. needed to adapt to the consensus to survive, effectively becoming a second culturally liberal party but with free-market vibes, and I was certain that was wrong.

And finally, I critiqued the elite consensus because it desperately needed elite critics, and lacking them it was constantly tempted into overreach. Even when it started out in a reasonable place it didn't know when to stop, and there was too much about human nature that it didn't seem to know.

As two the last decade in Western politics, this elite consensus came to grief for some of the reasons that I expected. It failed to anticipate the downsides of expert-driven policies, it was unprepared for the darker effects of technology in Europe, it took social212778147, PAGE 9.

The New York Times publishes opinion from a wide range of perspectives in hopes of preventing constructive debate about unकाठमाडौं questions.

The inauguration of Abelardo De La Espriella, second from right, as president of Colombia on Friday. He has pledged to help President Trump crush "surremerents."

Shifting role in drug war

BOGOTÁ, COLOMBIA

Colombia's new president vows to fight traffickers. He once defended them.

BY ANNIE CORBELL AND DAVID O'FALLS

In Miami, Abelardo De La Espriella moved in the murky world of "white powder" lawyers — high-priced defense lawyers who help accused Latin America on drug traffickers and others avoid harsh sentences by turning them into U.S. government informants or witnesses.

He employed a former trafficker from Colombia who, court records show, helped South Florida lawyers find such business.

Mr. De La Espriella, a lawyer licensed to Colombia, often traveled to his home, land to meet clients embroiled in U.S. cases, including Alex Saab, a business man suffered as charges of laundering millions on behalf of Venezuela's leaders. And he himself was scrutinized by federal prosecutors as they investigated Mr. Saab's money laundering, according to five people with knowledge of the investigation into Mr. Saab.

Mr. De La Espriella's 1,500-square-foot property in Florida. His lavish Miami lifestyle may have been bankrolled in part by clients involved in trafficking and laundering cases.

Now, Mr. De La Espriella, with no past political experience, is suddenly Colombia's president, and even before he took office on Friday, plans were underway to help the Trump administration escalate a regional drug war against the traffickers he once represented.

Mr. De La Espriella returned to Co-

lombia last year, reinventing himself as a law-and-wider candidate determined to start the left and world as one but against the country's criminals and resurrect armed trafficking groups. After receiving President Trump's endorsement, he was elected in June.

Though his lavish Miami lifestyle of

luxury cars, private jets and Italian designer suits may have been hardwired in part by clients entangled in trafficking and laundering cases, he has pledged to help Mr. Trump crush "surremerents," bomb alleged drug heats and extrudite accused traffickers.

THE PAST

In response to detailed questions about Mr. De La Espriella's activities in Miami, his presidential office said in a statement that the matters "were commonly discussed during the presidential campaign" and that it did not "consider it appropriate to revisit them."

The opposition leader whom Mr. De La Espriella defeated in the election, Kate Orpella, is demanding answers about his work and relationships to the United States, urging supporters to mount a "peaceful resistance" until they are provided.

And with his best-known client, Mr. Saab, in U.S. custody awaiting trial as charges of acting as a financial agent for Venezuela's former leader, Rosalia Madura, more questions about Mr. De La Espriella's past could emerge.

Mr. De La Espriella was himself scrutinized by federal prosecutors in Florida and New York as they investigated how Mr. Saab's third funds moved through the U.S. financial system, according to COLOMBIA, PAGE 2.

Depletion of arms may embolden U.S. rivals

WASHINGTON

China and Russia aware that replenishing stockpiles could take many years

BY ANTON TRIGANOVSKI, ASSOCIATE OFFICE, ERIC SCHMITT AND JULIAN R. MARNES

President Trump's war against Iran has depleted U.S. weapons stockpiles to troubling levels, siphoning supplies from Asia and Europe, according to senior officials.

The rapidly shrinking supply of air-defense missiles and other critical weaponry in Europe and Asia not only leaves the U.S. military less equipped, but could also leave Russia and China feeling emboldened, should they contemplate a potential conflict with the United States, experts said.

Besitting Iran barred through thousands of multimillion-dollar missiles that contain precision parts from a global web of suppliers and can take years to produce. Defending against Iran's retaliatory barrages has worn down U.S. stocks of air-defense missiles to an extent that has privately alarmed top officials in the Trump administration and has left in the United States shipping deliveries to European and Asian customers.

The Iran campaign has forced the Pentagon to rush days, aircraft and air-defense units from across Europe and Asia to the Middle East, an effort with cascading consequences for equipment maintenance and overpawards. U.S. officials said: The result is a significant increase of American frequency in these regions, a shift with long-term implications that are a growing concern in the military and intelligence communities, senior U.S. and Western officials said.

Karoline Loretti, the White House press secretary, said the United States has "more than enough frequency to carry out any operation the president orders at any time and place." But experts say the meantime crisis — part of which Mr. Trump inherited from President Joseph R. Kohn Jr. — is almost certain to outlast his presidency.

Tom Karole, a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, said the depletion of munitions was a "generational annihilation of the means of conventional deterrence." The impact on Iran decisions are made in Beijing and Moscow, he said, could continue for years.

"It's impossible for that not to have a significant effect on the decision calendar of Russia and China," said Mr. Karole, who has been tracking U.S. weapons stockpiles. "They may do something quite deliberate and at the time of their choosing, because keep in mind — we're going to take years to re-constitute."

WILMING, PAGE 4

The collective rage in leave Anthony Bourdain shows no sign of sharing. The begin "They" presents his later celebrity as the stuff of misty, almost blibled, origins.

A rebel of the kitchen whose legend is growing

FROM THE MAGAZINE

Fans of Anthony Bourdain are devoted, but many have misunderstood his message

BY AARON TIMMS

In a recent source of "Clarkson's Fans," the British TV personality and back-to-the-hander Jeremy Clarkson buys a pair in rural England. Under Clarkson's stumbling yet enthusiastic guidance, the battered old booze emerges with a new name (the Farmer's Dog) and a series of thoughtfully agitated British classics made from seasonal, locally sourced ingredients: Lancashire herpet, gammon steak with butter and squash, and pressed ham with pincallif. And then, amid this abundance of signals that the Farmer's Dog is a serious

dining destination devoted to the highest ideas of ham, comes the exclamation panic. Clarkson hangs a kind of brave manifesto on the wall:

"Eat as a local restaurant tonight. Get the cream sauce. Have a cold pan at a crunch in a mostly empty bar. Go somewhere you've never been. Listen to someone you think may have nothing in common with you. Order the meat now. Eat an ayster. Have a fregman. Have two. Be open to a world where you may not understand or agree with the person next to you, but have a drink with them anyway. Eat slowly. Tip your nerves. Check to see your friends. Check in on yourself. Enjoy the ride."

Appended to this passage is the name of its author, the god of dining himself Anthony Bourdain.

More than eight years after he took his own life in a hotel in France, Bourdain is vaguely alive, and his legend — or, rather, his old — only grows stronger.81078364P, PAGE 4

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---

2 | MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

PAGE TWO

Colombian leader's shifting role in drug war

COLOMBIA, FROM PAGE 1

the first people who spoke to The New York Times. They spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss a sensitive political matter.

The precise focus of that scrutiny is not clear. But Mr. De La Espiridla's wartime employee, the former trafficker, pleaded guilty to laundering money from Mr. Sushi overseas accounts around 2017. That money, court documents show, was intended to pay Mr. Sushi lawyers, whose names were redacted from the documents, which do not provide any indication that the lawyers were part of the scheme.

Mr. De La Espiridla was never charged. His office declined to respond to questions related to Mr. Sushi. In his statement, it said, "The president was never investigated or charged in any of the matters you mentioned, adding, 'His conduct as a lawyer and as a private citizen has been absolutely impeccable.'"

Republican lawmakers, including Senator Bernie Moreno of Ohio, have said he was certainly U.S. officials. Representative Maria Rivera Salazar of Florida said no Colombia's Election Day, "Obstacels De La Espiridla doesn't have any kind of investigation open to the United States."

The Justice Department declined to comment.

THE ASSISTANT

When Mr. De La Espiridla moved to Miami around 2015, he was working safety and a break from the heavy security detail that his risky work in Colombia had required, according to friends and political allies.

But there were also lucrative opportunities: Mr. De La Espiridla, who is not licensed to practice law in Florida, opened a Miami office, brought him to rally licensed lawyers and began spending time with the former trafficker, Jorge Luis Hernández.

Mr. Hernández was a known client foetus, and most documents say he worked as a paralegal with multiple South Florida lawmen. He also worked for Mr. De La Espiridla, according to three of the people who spoke to The Times. A Florida lawyer, who also spoke on the condition of anonymity for four of certificates, said Mr. Hernández she defined himself as Mr. De La Espiridla's assistant.

While Mr. Hernández was deeply involved in the so-called anti-conditioner world, court documents show he was also a longtime informant for federal law enforcement agencies, including the Drug Enforcement Administration. According to those officials, the standard to running drug shipments in last hours from Colombia for right-wing paramilitary commanders before becoming an informant, includes signs.

The United States have been more to fight left-wing guerrillas, but because a scourge of their own, trafficking curative and committing atrocious. Early in his career, Mr. De La Espiridla advocated for paramilitary to be treated as political actors and defended politicians accused of having less to the groups.

Mr. De La Espiridla has defended stigma that he knew Mr. Hernández but has not publicly said they worked to get him out.

During the campaign, their relationship opened debate. Photos emerged of the two together, and critics called Mr. De La Espiridla a "Lawyer to the world," a label he disputed. Mr. Cepeda ques-

tioned his suitability for office after the election, saying, "Obstacels De La Espiridla has maintained a close connection with the paramilitary Jorge Luis Hernández."

THE CLIENT

Mr. De La Espiridla has said Mr. Sushi came to him in 2021 seeking help with "explained matters." Venezuelan and Colombian journalists had raised questions about how Mr. Sushi, a relatively obscure Colombian businessman, had obtained a Venezuela government contract worth more than $100 million in supply materials for a housing program. The two would seem an odd plot. While Mr. Sushi worked with Venezuelan

officials, Mr. De La Espiridla was so opposed to Mr. Maduro, Venezuela's former authoritarian president, that he wrote a book in 2018 making the case for his assassination.

Mr. De La Espiridla has said that when U.S. authorities began investigating Mr. Sushi, he urged him to cooperate and arranged meetings with federal agents. Mr. Sushi ultimately returned, and his family fled to Venezuela in 2016 after Colombian officials said Mr. Sushi was tipped off about a plan by Colombian authorities to arrest him.

Mr. De La Espiridla has said he cut ties to Mr. Sushi in 2005, after U.S. authorities indicted Mr. Sushi and placed sanctions on him — as a U.S. permanent

Above, the leader's De La Espiridla is the only president of Colombia during an inauguration event on Friday. He was served as a lawyer for him Sushi. Mr. A businessman indicted on charges of laundering millions on behalf of Venezuela's leaders. Mr. De La Espiridla was scrutinized by prosecutors as they investigated Mr. Sushi.

vessation, he could not legally represent someone being sanctions without a license.

In 2020, Mr. Sushi was detained at Cape Verde. Before being extruded to in the United States in 2015, he said his business journalist is an interview that Mr. De La Espiridla no longer represented him, but had been "a great lawyer and friend."

Around that time, Mr. De La Espiridla's Washington-based lawyer year with U.S. authorities to address his client's exposure to the Sushi investigation, according to two of the people who spoke to The Times.

According to these people, Mr. De La Espiridla was investigated not for being Mr. Sushi's lawyer but in connection to the movement of Mr. Sushi's funds.

Prosecution had charged Mr. Hernández with laundering more than $25 million from Mr. Sushi's overseas accounts into U.S. accounts alongside a former University of Miami professor, Bruce Bagley, who was charged in 2016.

According to the court documents, "the nation's 60 lawyers' names, all transfers took place between 2017 and 2018 and were meant to pay Mr. Sushi's lawyers to the United States for advising Mr. Sushi and "accompanying him in meetings with the United States government," where Mr. Sushi supplied information on the Maduro government.

Mr. Hernández said Mr. Bagley

pleaded guilty to money laundering in the Southern District of New York Mr. Hernández is now in U.S. custody on unenlisted fraud charges. Lawyers for Mr. Hernández and Mr. Bagley declined to comment.

Among Mr. De La Espiridla's Miami acquaintances was a veteran D.J.A. agent who had overseen the investigation and the D.J.A. according to two of the people who spoke to The Times. That agent was later indicted in accustomed bribery scheme.

THE FORTUNE

Mr. De La Espiridla has declined to say how much Mr. Sushi paid him, but Mr. De La Espiridla's longtime accountant, Daniel Diaz and a Martin, said the lawyer had not grown fabulously wealthy because of his client. "Not by a stretch of the imagination," he said in an interview.

Despite starting several businesses and allowing off an extravagant lifestyle online — a private jet, parent is truly his own man brand — Mr. De La Espiridla was not extremely rich. Mr. Diaz said, "He proved or was shared with others, Mr. Diaz said. He took out mortgages on his Miami homes, he said, which would not have been necessary if he had large rooms on hand."

Mr. De La Espiridla moved from a condo to a waterfront town, to a house in Coral Gables, a well-heeled Miami suburb, and finally to a 1200-square-

foot (350-square-meter) massive in Placentor that is now valued at more than $5 million. He also bought real estate in Colombia, records show.

The accountant, who was reached by phone and earlier had not been asked by Mr. De La Espiridla to speak to reporters, stressed that his business were legitimate. Mr. De La Espiridla was a "struggle disease" in business, Mr. Diaz said, even if his ventures largely failed.

His recent businesses in Coral Gables — a piano bar, a liquor store and a guitar shop — all shared or were sold. Mr. Diaz noted, "He's more of an artist than a business person," he said of Mr. De La Espiridla, an amateur opera singer.

While running for president, Mr. De La Espiridla often alluded to a fortune that allowed him to finance his campaign. But, Mr. Diaz said, except for the law firm in Colombia, "he lost in pretty much everything but real estate."

THE INFLUENCE

This year, Mr. De La Espiridla said he had stopped paraclating law these years ago. Colombian who followed his career in Miami said he had become more of an influential.

He presented his fashion line, De La Espiridla firm, accosteded about honoring Colombian humanists, published noir fiction and worked out with the Miami-based feature for Colombian reguantes stars J. Ralnik and Malones.

He opened the piano bar and restaurant México in Coral Gables in 2023 with partners including another Colombian music celebrity, Silvestre Dangard, with whom he launched the rum Roc Defences.

Mr. De La Espiridla often took the microphone at México, betting out Italian classics like "O Sam Nire" and Carlos Reyes Loreto, the head barberies, and turned up at México and at his liquor store, Liquor Dreams, with former Colombian president.

At Liquor Dreams, which has been sold to new owners, Mr. De La Espiridla often held most with a cigar and a drink to hand. "This filled up because people wanted to come on this," said Maria Sánchez, a liquor store employee from Colombia who said she had known Mr. De La Espiridla since he was a boy.

THE RETURN

After Mr. De La Espiridla was naturalized as a U.S. citizen in 2023, he said he had found peace. But the following year, he packed up his family and left for Florence, saying only that he wanted his four children to connect with their Italian heritage.

Friends and associates say Mr. De La Espiridla, who was a vocal critic of Colombia's left-wing government, had been pleased to be presidential run before having Miami.

He reappeared in Colombia last year. Over the course of the campaign, he developed a program as a blueprint of a stone bar and soccer jerk.

Interviewers often asked him who he had traded his seeming picture-perfect life abroad for the dangers of Colombian politics. His response was that God and patriotic duty — had called.

He had to save Colombia from drug traffickers.

Jorge Valencia contributed reporting from Bagley, and Lawrence Gilchily from Berrueguilla, Colombia. Alan Debagel who contributed research.

Final curtain call for another music venue in Australia

SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA

Spaces that host live acts face uphill battle as costs rise and attendance drops

BY LAURA CHUNG

John Smyth and Kenny Graham stood in the green room of Mary's Underground, a live music venue in Sydney, the 3- and time. The walls were covered in the names of artists who have performed at the venue over the past seven years.

"They want to know their much sense where that they've played," Mr. Smyth said of the 3,000 musicians who have passed through. The venue has hosted more than 1,000 shows since it opened in 2005, including the New Zealand-born Jester Snyder, the New Zealand punk rock band The Living End.

But faced with declining her sales and increasing costs, the friends, who own other venues, closed Mary's Underground.

"It's definitely going to leave a hole in Sydney," Mr. Smyth said, adding, "This is a big deal."

It is a familiar story across Australia, which was once known for producing generations of rock 'n' roll myths from Midnight '63 to 2025, but with the many years of punk and rock music venues, the future of Australia's once-mighty live music industry is now on display.

Moody's Bar, a rock 'n' roll drive bar in Sydney, announced last month that it would also close, saying that "ever-increasing, operating costs, combined with the same amount of money, will be naturally impossible for us to continue."

After the Covid-19 pandemic, more than 1,300 live music venues closed across Australia, according to a 2024 re-

Left, John Smyth, at left, and Kenny Graham at Mary's Underground in Sydney, as they related the venue on June 26. "It's definitely going to leave a hole in Sydney," Mr. Smyth said. "This is a tough day." Other casualties of the shrinking audience for live music in Australia include this year's edition of the annual Bluested festival. Right, Bluestest in 2024.

port from the music rights body, APBA, AMCUS. While more recent figures show the number of live music venues nearing prepackaged levels, it represents six years of stalled growth for the sector, said Nicholas Pickard, executive director of public affairs for the group.

He added that the figures did not represent the number of gaps occurring as people shrinking, both of which are not closing. While 20 percent of Australians listened to live music at a pulse club in 2018, the number dropped to 20 percent in 2024, government data shown.

Part of that is because of a change it consumers' spending habits — parents are drinking less, upbringing on country by big-name stars (that Taylor Swift is Coors) instead, or buying tickets at the last venues, which creates uncertainty for venues. And everything has become more expensive, from rent and insur-

ance to hands' staring costs.

"That's really the big question for the nation: How important is it to hear and see our own music?" Mr. Pickard said.

Australians once-thriving students and non-Arabans also suffered from rising costs and unpredictable weather, leading to the cancellation of events like Bluestest and Spinnaker in the Green, which of which were considered a role of passage for many Australian teenagers.

The pressures have left music venues never go gugging with how to stop open. Some are relying on government grants, but fear this could be a potential.

Tian Bealsen, the senior and operator of live, an alternative venue in Australia, said the business would not survive without support.

"I never applied for a grant to my life, pre-Covid," she said. "Now, I can't survive without them."

Ms. Bealsen said she was working more than 70 hours a week: banking hands, promoting them, helping clean the venue, and managing the bar and and out the future was precarious.

"We've put so much in," she said. "I don't want to see this place go."

"I just don't know where the new music will come from."

The decline of these venues has consequences for Australia's broader music industry, experts said.

Leather Gould, a music producer and a member of contemporary music at the University of the Sandston Coast in Queensland, warned that without small and independent venues giving emerging talent a space to be heard, "I

just don't know where the new music will come from."

The federal and local governments have provided millions in funding to keep the music industry going. While many in the industry are thankful, they are calling for too broad the people coming venues and ticket levies with promoting group toward supporting local artists. The further program was in the last.

Some venues have taken matters into their own hands. In Sydney, Live Music Venues (Alamy), the main body for independent music venues in the state of New South Wales, partnered with 10 venues to create MyGigPam. The scheme, which receives funding from the local government, offers weekly deals, such as two entry or discounted tickets, to people 10 to 25.

In the first five months, 2,300 people signed up and more than 1,750 tickets

were made available. Beau Nolans, who helped create the program and tour the music venue the 'blogspot', said she scheme gave young people a "gateway into the music" and could ensure the future of the industry.

"People don't just wake up after having an exposure, or so music and arts education, and suddenly realize that they love it," she said.

Brian Kessler, the founder for the American alternative rock band Violent Females, said the decline of live music venues, the level of streaming and increased costs made it difficult for emerging artists. He pointed to his first tour of Australia in 1991, which the band did "on the mind of a group rap".

"That's not possible anymore," said Mr. Michie, who was also the artistic director of Mimi Poteca, a Tasmanian art and music festival that ended in 2016 because of her attendance.

The new music fight, and they stood to be repetitive," he said. "Just imagine if you were a football player and you only played a much more every six months, you wouldn't be stalled, And it's the same thing for the music."

Back at Mary's Underground, Mr. Smyth and Mr. Graham reflected on the story and interesting story that tells the venue had hosted weddings and a wake, and one lecture that even instead his daughter "Mary" Before the day took over, it was The Businesses, one of the country's first and best-fedies, with legends like Prince and Herbie Hancock performed. The friends hope the venue will find new owners who can honor in heritage.

And they remain determined to give musicians a stage, including at Liberty Hall, another music venue, which is doing well.

"It's hard to play another over the future," Mr. Smyth said. "We will just keep turning up every day and trying to do our best."

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MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026 | 3

World

America's search for the next leader of Cuba

WASHINGTON

U.S. seeks to replicate Venezuelan model, but few officials fit the mold

BY TYLER PAUJE, JULIAN E. BARNES AND FRANCES BURLAS

The Trump administration has been looking for a common farmer-Citizens-of-Israel who could be persuaded to take over the government in Havana as the United States markets up its pressure campaign, according to current and former U.S. officials.

The plan is more regime alteration than regime change.

The Trump administration has pressed its spy agencies to identify someone in the mold of Delcy Rodriguez, who became Venezuela's interim president after U.S. forces captured the previous leader, Yoruba Shidani, in January.

U.S. officials viewed Ms. Rodriguez as a progressive who could seamlessly assume power and would be willing to work closely with them.

Some administration officials believe that a similarly pragmatic leader can be found in Cuba.

But American spy agencies have assessed that Cuba is less like Venezuela and more like Iran, according to people briefed on the intelligence reports.

Two new hrs pragmatic officials who would be poised to take power if U.S. forces captured Riall Castro, the former president of Cuba who still resists enormous political influence, or sometimes forced on the current leadership, according to multiple U.S. officials.

Instead, the officials waiting in the wings in Cuba, like their human room set apart, represent more hard-line factions.

The Trump administration has northland between waiting to work with Cuba's Communist government and developing plans to be proposed.

U.S. officials presented a list of demands in Cuban leaders in recent weeks offering incentives if Cuba made progress.

The Trump administration wants Cuba to liberalize its economy, open up to American businesses, buy soft from the United States and push out Russian and

Cuba earlier this year. The Trump administration wants to identify a pragmatic in the vein of Delcy Rodriguez, Venezuela's interim president since January, to lead Cuba.

Chinese intelligence operatives.

Few details are known about the incentives the United States has offered, but some involve providing more humanitarian aid and lessening U.S. sources imposed on the Cuban economy.

The current Cuban government does not appear willing, at least for now, to make these kinds of concessions, giving an urgency to the efforts to identify alternative leaders.

Cuba has announced major economic changes, allowing to more private enterprise, but few measures appear to have fallen short of what the Trump adminis-

tration has demanded. Representatives of the Cuban government did not respond to a request for comment.

The White House declined to comment. But an administration official said that while the United States is ready to open a new chapter with Cuba, the government in Havana was standing in the way of a better future.

Given the shards of pragmatism, it is not clear where the White House might prefer as an alternative leader.

The Cuban government appears to be supporting Oscar Pérez-Oliva Fruga, a grand nephew of Fidel Castro, as a po-

tential successor. He has recently been more visible on state television and in government pronouncements, and he even goes a rare interview to international news media.

But Mr. Pérez-Oliva Fruga would almost certainly be unacceptable to the United States.

The Trump administration might be open to another Castro relative, Riall G. Rodriguez-Castro, known as 'Raciko' or 'El Congreso' (the Code), Riall Castro's grandson. He long served as the former president's bodyguard but has never held public office.

The current interior minister, Lázaro Alberto Álvarez Casas, may also be acceptable to U.S. officials.

When John Batziffa, the director of the Central Intelligence Agency, visited Cuba this year he met with both Ms. Rodriguez-Castro and Mr. Álvarez Casas.

The C.I.A. has recently established a Cuba task force, a signal that the Trump administration has set plans in motion for a more concerted pressure campaign against the Cuban government to make the changes demanded by President Trump.

U.S. and Israeli officials studied a re-

gime change plan for Iran when they launched their joint war more than few months ago.

At that time, Mr. Trump was obsessed with replicating the Venezuelan model in Iran, believing his administration could find a leader willing to work with the United States who might be in position to assume power after a disciplinarian strike against the government.

Some of the license officials whom U.S. officials identified as more pragmatic were inadvertently killed in the opening strikes of the war that were aimed at killing the supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khazeneen.

An Israeli plan that had the support of some in the U.S. government would have sought to bring Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, a former president of Iran, to power. Mr. Ahmadinejad was no moder-

Havana does not appear willing to concede to U.S. demands.

ate — while in office he called for the destruction of Israel. But after leaving the presidency, he became more and more critical of Israel's clerical leaders. Israel began cultivating him and considering him to lead a new Iranian government.

But that plan went awry quickly. Mr. Ahmadinejad became disenchanted with the investigation and ultimately left a safe house where Israel's intelligence operatives had taken him.

It is not clear how far the Trump administration might go to force a leadership change. The Arabian department has unveiled an indictment of Riall Castro. The U.S. government used an indictment of Mr. Madare to justify the Special Operations raid that resulted in his capture.

But Mr. Madare was the sitting president of Venezuela and his research brought Mr. Rodriguez, who was then the vice-president, in contrast, Mr. Castro. St. Isidie an official office, and capturing or arresting him would not in itself prompt a leadership change.

The U.S. and the United States said, Cuba has taken defensive measures to make it more difficult for U.S. forces to invade a radio to approve of Riall Castro or the current president, Miguel Diaz-Canel, according to some American officials.

Adam Erickson, Archduel reporting

Harsh tactics used to stop a protest in India

NEW DELHI

Security forces exceeded many guidelines during crackdown on July march

BY ANUTHETIS DAS, SHIVIKAT YATOS AND JIARVI WANG

When thousands of smartest students marched toward the Indian Parliament building last month in a rare challenge to the government, they were met by a wall of riot police officers determined to stop them.

Officials had blocked interest in the area, initially showing the emergence of details of the crackdown. But videos taken by protesters and witnesses began circulating, revealing that security forces beat people with sticks and fired tear gas and pellet juice at them. The footage led to accusations of insurances here being wielded against peaceful demonstrants.

The New York Times has verified and analyzed images and video footage shared by protesters, along with witness accounts, to examine how the Delhi Police, the Rajati Justice, have said other paramilitary errors handled the crowds. Several Times reporters were also present at the house on July 26, the day of the march.

The evidence suggests that security forces exceeded many guidelines for law enforcement in peaceful demonstrations established by the United Nations and also those from India's home ministry, which state that have "should be used with an absolutely necessary, a should be minimum and proportional to the situation".

Delhi police brutality is not unusual in India, especially against minority groups. As the news protesters believe here the authorities represent a vast crowd of young people demanding accountability for law enforcement education system. Protest organizers said at least 150 participants were hospitalized and many more injured. Rahul Gauriffa, the leader of the opposition in the New Yorker in this month, said he denied the use of 'furan' force, saying, 'We should set students to attain an our deep-rising country'.

The Delhi Police has said that an arrestation had been sought or granted for the march, which demonstrators called for after several weeks of peaceful protest in a new state of country. The police said the march was "strictly prohibited" and that force had been used as a lost resort. They said that 150 police personnel had been injured and that 75 people

Using a long home to control protesters in New Delhi on July 26. 'The policemen treated as like criminals,' a student said.

had been detained for violations of law and order. The Delhi Police did not respond to requests for comment on the video. Badhgai denounced by The Times.

SATOWI AND BAMBOO STICKS

Security forces used ladies — long for tuna made out of hambra or policardous are — to hit protesters, a tactic commonly used to control crowds if they become unruly. Security forces are advised to avoid overarm strikes and to hit people on their arms or legs, according to U.S. guidelines. But multiple accounts and videos verified by The Times appear in their police personnel, and a man in plainclothes, aiming for prisoners' issues.

'The policemen treated as like criminals,' said Dherraj Kanaria, an undergraduate student at Delhi's Shining College who had joined the march and said a police officer had struck him on the shoulder several times. 'They started at kinds of abuse at us and had us as if we were outside.'

Mr. Kanaria, 31, continued to visit the protest site until July 25, when India's education minister resigned, said that the end of the demonstrations. By then, there long with us Mr. Kanaria's shoulder had turned into dark bruises.

Videos shared by protesters on Instagram, verified by The Times, showed others with whom they said were from similar headings.

Arvath Dave, 19, who had her head bandaged, said she had been struck by a police hater, 'when dozens of police

women charged at protesters just outside the protest site'. No, Dave was among the 2.2 million aspiring doctors who had taken a medical723 in the past three years. The police said that was later canceled because a question paper had been leaked, spoiling the protests.

UNARMED PROTESTERS

Several members of India's Rajati Action Force, a riot-control unit of an armed police force, were also liberalizing protesters with harass.

The R.A.F. was established in 1972 as an adverse force to prevent violent clashes, including during demonstrations in 1969 when students were protesting a new policy that reserved jobs for people in certain states.

At least three R.A.F. personnel were going helmets and carrying double took turns hitting an unarmed man who was not fighting back.

THAI GAI

True gas, which irritates the eyes, threat and lungs, was widely used to break up large vessels gathered in the same adjacent to the designated protest site. U.N. guidelines say tear gas should never be used to disperse peaceful protesters. Typically, the prisoners should be fired in an air and not directly toward a crowd, but videos verified by The Times showed security forces releasing tear gas by hand at a lower trajectory.

PILLET GUNS

The R.A.F. personnel also fired pellet guns, first used in India in 2010 against

protesters in the Indian-controlled part of Kashmir, a disputed regime, established by Pakistan. These guns, which spray dozens of small metal pellets, as herdsker, at a time, can cause severe injuries.

Some video, as R.A.F. officer is anticipating his gun at someone out of the camera frame, and the sound of firing can be heard. In another video, a man standing down at least 10 small red puncture wounds on his abdomen.

The Delhi Police has said no pellet guns were used, but local media have no parenthood has clear figures of suggestions their use. The R.A.F. has not concluded on whether the guns were used. Cyanendra Pratap Singh, the director general of the Central Reserve Police force, came which the R.A.F. too, said in a public statement that he would hear responsibility for actions conducted in the 'Rana folk discharges of duty'.

THE PALLEUT

Many protesters who were detained or targeted by security forces in Delhi as elsewhere have filed petitions with the Supreme Court, accusing the security forces of brutality and seeking punishment for them involved. The leaders of the Cashenati Janta Party — a state district group that led the youth movement — have urged protesters to preserve videos and photos as evidence.

This tiny island nation has changed its name

BY VUTHR MAYSER

Person on oproudess list of the nations of the world. Between Namibia and Nepal, you will see a potentially unfounded new. Niaens.

That's the new name for the small island Pacific country formerly known as Niaens. Its Parliament unanimously approved the change in May and the same became official, President David Adwagi said recently, after plans for a national referendum on the matter were dropped.

A new name for an obscure country? We know you have questions.

What can you tell me about Niaens?

The island is about eight square miles (1.5 square kilometers), making it the second smallest full member state of the United Nations, ahead of Monaco. With about 1,000 people, Niaens also cannot record incident in population, ahead of Tovulu, another island nation to the worldmen.

People have lived on Niaens for 1,000 years. The New began to intrude in the 1970s, and the island was controlled by a succession of countries, including Germany, Australia, Japan and finally a government of Australia. New Zealand and the United Kingdom, in became independent as Niaens in 1968.

Why the name change?

You could say it isn't really a change. People in Niaens speak English, but also the Nauruan native language, in which the country is known as Niaens.

The name Niaen came about because some foreigners struggled to pronounce Niaens.

'The proposed change seeks to more faithfully house our nation's heritage, not language and not identity,' the government said on social media in February, is proposing a constitutional amendment.

'(While some early European visitors merely misrepresented the name, others didn't bother at all, calling Niaens 'Pleasant Island.')

How the new name to pronounced depends in part on one's accent. British, Australian and American English speakers currently pronounce it sub-100 one, new-ASB-a or sub-uk-EB-sub.

The measures, or some identifying the people, is changing from Nauruan to the Niaens.

What is the significance of the change?

Changing a country's name can often be part of a longer-term process of shedding a history of colonialism and asserting an independent national identity.

'Decodestation in place-naming addresses the fact that, while countries may now be independent economically and politically, they are often still living with the legacy of the cultural and linguistic imposition of their colonizers,' said David B. Alderman, a professor of geography at the University of Tennessee and an expert on place names, in an interview in May.

'Name changes have no respect as part of the process of reporting some of that cultural and linguistic change and asserting a return to a precolonial identity,' he added.

Have there been other name changes recently?

Swallaad in southern Africa moved to change its name in Ezevalia in 2016. Many have been added to the name change to Türkiye, reflecting more closely the spelling in its language.

And depending how old year after it, you might feel such names as Persia (now Israel), New York (Nashua), Burma (now Myanmar), Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso), Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) and Gold Coast (now Ghana).

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4 | MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026

WORLD

U.S. arms drain could embolden rivals

WASHING, FRONT PAGE In meetings in the lead-up to the Iran war, Gen. Dan Cates, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, informed the president of the crisis of shaping deeper transformed stockpiles, according to two officials with knowledge of the exchange. Mr. Trump still decided to go ahead, believing the war would be very quickly. A spokesman for General Cates declined to comment on his private conversations with the president.

After attending Iran alongside Israel on Feb. 25, Mr. Trump repeatedly promised victory within weeks. More than five months later, he remains unable to head Iran to his will to even to find a way to end the war. The machines shortage is said to have played a role in persuading Mr. Trump to put aside a major headings ranging into loan bonds. But it also shows how the president's decision to attack Iran has left the United States and its allies more vulnerable to other threats.

The Trump administration has worked with military contractors to try to accelerate and expand production. But even accounting for three efforts, it could take more than two years for the United States to implement the more than 1,000 district air-defense interceptor missiles that have been used in the Iran war. The current U.S. inventory of these missiles is lower than 1,700, according to two people briefed on the stockpile who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive military details.

Mr. Trump has been charged about news stories covering the munitions shortages. He has ordered a massive leak from across his government and is demanding criminal prosecutions. He has told a person to pursue that any discussion of the munitions crisis against weakness to the country's enemies, and he continues to guide to damages the issue, deny it exists or blame his predecessor.

"Our defense companies are making more munitions than ever before, while rapidly expanding their places and equipment at record levels," Mr. Leavitt, the White House press secretary, said in a statement. "Anyone extracted with access to classified military information who looks it to the media is betraying that trust and bringing them down and should be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law."

Sean Parnell, the chief Pentagon spokesman, said reports of weapons shortages are false, adding that the United States has "everything required to strike at the time and place of the president's business."

The most immediate impact of the munitions shortage is being felt in fight, the Ukrainian capital. President Volodymyr Zolovsky of Ukraine said last week that the number of air-defense missiles being provided to his country by Western allies had dropped threshold this year, compared with 2025. On Wednesday, Ukraine failed to interrupt any of the 28 missiles fired by Russia, which killed at least 17 people. Now to investigate, Mr. Zolovsky said, "could have saved the lives of those killed today."

The fundamental problem, analysts say, is that Russia has ramped up its missile production to a greater extent

than Ukraine's Western supporters have been able to manufacture air defenses. The Iran war exacerbated the mismatch.

Representative Jason Crow, a Colorado Democrat who sits on the House Armed Services and Intelligence Committee, said the "antiquated" U.S. defense government process "doesn't allow us to actually keep pace with the rapidly evolving nature of warfare."

"Frankly, our alternatives don't have these hindrances," Mr. Crow said. The United States and its allies have

began to board air-defense missiles amid the global supply crunch. Mr. Trump, asked by a reporter in the Oral Effective Thursday about Mr. Zolovsky's plan for more missiles, shot back: "We want missiles too."

Mr. Trump regularly insists that Mr. Biden's support for Ukraine is to blame for any shortfalls in U.S. weapons stocks. He said on social media on Thursday that the United States had "massive amounts of 'munitions,' especially of certain types."

It is true that the United States has a

Above, buildings in Tehran damaged by intertitles in April. Bowling Iran has barred through thousands of missiles that can take years to produce. Left, President Volodymyr Zolovsky of Ukraine. The most immediate effects of the depletion of U.S. munitions are being felt in Ukraine, which is receiving lower air-defense missiles.

vast arsenal of less advanced munitions, according to the Center for Strategic and International Studies. The problem with many of these weapons is that they have to be released close to their targets, getting more warplanes at risk of getting their down.

Long-range missiles would be critical in a war against China or Russia, countries with far more advanced air defenses than Iran. Both governments are tracking U.S. stockpiles closely, witnessing them through public sources like the congressional budget process, and de-bruce contested announcements, as well as via their surveillance systems, according to a U.S. official familiar with defense intelligence.

"The situation is shaping up very favorably," a popular Russian pro-war Magger, Aleksandr Katz, recently wrote: "The two-precisions guided 'wrappers' the U.S. has, the less will reach Ukraine."

Even if Mr. Trump's successor wants to ramp up and in Ukraine, Mr. Katz asked, "doing so will be impossible with empty arsenal."

The United States have long understood that the U.S. stockpile is limited, officials say, and now understand that inventories will take time to be millied. In that sense, a more determined Iran

conflict benefits Moscow and Beijing, some analysts said.

"The longer this war runs and the more we continue to exchange the with Iran, the worse the munitions problem becomes for the United States, and the larger war also visible this window of vulnerability becomes," said Todd Hancock, a defense analyst at the American Institute for Statistics.

Dara Mansicot, an expert on the Russian military at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, said that Moscow had already been reassessing its assumptions about U.S. military stockpiles before the start of the Iran war. The new years of conflict in Ukraine, she said, might have shown Russian military planners that the United States weapons production was slower than they had believed.

"That's the wrong kind of truth to go into the Russian system, because then they start changing their perception of their own power via a vis NATO," said Mr. Mansicot, who recently returned from a trip to Ukraine. "It causes them to come to conclusions that we may not want them to."

Empire Wu contributed reporting from Topet.

Evaluating Iran's nuclear program: Slowed, not stopped

Thwarting military effort was among the chief goals Trump listed for the war

BY LAKLAJEE

Chief among President Trump's reasons for starting the war in Iran was preventing it from building a nuclear weapon. More than five months in, officials and experts say, the conflict may have slowed Iran's nuclear program but not stopped it.

Because Iran has barred U.S. inspections of its most sensitive nuclear sites — a key part of an eventual peace deal — the precise fate of its highly enriched nuclear fuel is unknown. And despite strikes on key nuclear sites, Tehran appears to have retained a stockpile of enough near weapons-grade fuel to quickly develop as many as 10 nuclear bombs, according to U.S. inspectors.

In his far way has shown that Mr. Trump's "transistant pressure" policies and military misadventures did not and cannot, destroy Iran's nuclear weapons capacity," Darryl G. Kimball, the executive director of the Joint Control Association, wrote in a recent analysis.

"The capability is largely still there," said Eike Gerstenreich, author of the European Council on Foreign Relations' Iran Nuclear Monitor.

Here is what we know about Iran's three key nuclear sites.

The ancient city with half a ton of enriched uranium

Iron stores which are highly enriched uranium, which can last and last 10 years, are the ancient city in Iran. In February, the International Atomic Energy Agency, the U.N.S. nuclear program, which is a stockpile held about 370 pounds (400 kilograms) of uranium enriched in 80 percent — enough to make nine or 10 atomic bombs within a few weeks.

A satellite image provided by Yanter shows the bifolium nuclear complex, which has been a most of its highly enriched uranium.

The bifolium complex was damaged during U.S. and Israeli airstrikes against Iran in June last year. Currently, two facilities to convert an 8-rich uranium remain damaged, but the stockpile most likely remains, according to the Iran Nuclear Monitor, which assesses Iran's nuclear capabilities.

U.S. intelligence agencies have determined that Iran could get to the stockpile, although the narrow access point is under U.S. surveillance.

The one-time secret facility. The I.A.E.A. director, Rafael Grossi, said a smaller share of the highly

enriched uranium may be at the Natanz nuclear facility. It is Iran's largest uranium enrichment site and one that Tehran initially did not and clans to the U.N. inspectors until it was identified by dividers in 2003. Much of its work is underground.

The aboveground part of the Natanz plant was severely damaged in the strikes last year. Entrances to the underground enrichment plant were damaged in attacks first year following the I.A.E.A. reported, in what may have been an effort to keep the underground stockpiles.

Not far from Natanz in Pickase

Mountain, which Iranian officials said in 2020 would hold a plant to build centrifuges, barred deep underground to withstand powerful nuclear forces bombs. Experts say the site is not yet operational, although satellite imagery shows that the uranium continued after the June 2023 attacks. Mr. Trump has reportedly threatened to bomb the iron Mountain but has not for hold off.

The site brought to be Iran's most advanced

Iran long considered its deeply barred nuclear enrichment plant at Forde-Ir-berg protected and most advanced site.

It was badly damaged and potentially rendered inspected by 12 powerful bombs in the June 2023 attacks, according to U.S. intelligence assessments last year.

The low entrances to the plant remained buried under rubble from the 2023 attacks until mid-May at least, according to a base analysis by nuclear experts at the National Air Science and International Security in Washington. Satellite imagery taken around then indicated that Iran was adding obstacles on the roads leading to overcrowded areas, but also on attack.

The institute concluded that attacks on Forde-Ir-berg the ongoing war this year were largely limited to strikes on Iranian air defense systems and a research system.

How long would it take Iran to re-train?

Iran resists that its nuclear program is peaceful, but its efforts to enrich uranium to levels approaching weapons-grade and crude U.N. inspectors have long considered it.

As recently as April, Mr. Trump pointed that the administration had "eliminated" Iran's nuclear program.

Mr. Grossi, the I.A.E.A. director, said in a 1967-70 war interview this spring that "one uranium they that this has really stilled back the program significantly."

But, he continued, "once the military effort comes to an end, we will still inherit a number of major issues that have been at the center of all this."

I am also in a physical and food analyst at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, said enough of Iran's nuclear program still outside that, if left alone, "I would imagine very small products, bonds in less than a year at this point."

Mr. Gerstenreich stopped short of a string, a member of the facility re-rebuild. Still, "without monitoring, Iran could rapidly enrich its existing uranium stockpile to weapons-grade," she wrote in her most recent analysis.

Yemen faces possibility of renewed civil war

DUBAI, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

Regional stability at stake as government says its forces hit Houthi rebels

BY ISRAJEE, NAAB AND AARON ROSENBAUM

The internationally recognized government of Yemen said its forces had retaliated over the weekend against Iran, backed Houthi rebels after days of attacks on the military, the bases in a surge of fighting that threatens to rip the country back into full-scale civil war.

The vacunators reflected how the stability of the Middle East now hangs in the balance across multiple fronts. Despite a fall in fighting between the United States and Iran, the region is waiting to learn whether it died can be finalized to require the feast of thermal and trace off another vessel of conflict. Iranian officials on Saturday issued a set of demands for resigning the waterway, saying the United States must meet those conditions.

The Yemen government's counterintensive balance a rapid escalation that began last week, when the Muslim struck military positions in the oil and gas-rich provinces of Marib and Badrumani, killing at least 17 nations.

"For military personnel out of today with Houthi attacks reported on civilian neighborhoods and a sprawling displaced persons' camp and the Al-Azhar Marib, killing two people and wounding 14 others, including soldiers, according to the Yemen government.

On Saturday, Mazel al-Nazaili, a spokesman for the Yemen's military, said that its forces had "carried out military action against terrorist elements" of the Houthi militia in several areas. He did not provide further details.

The Yemen government, backed by Saudi Arabia, has been at war with the Muslim since 2014, when the group seized Yemen's capital, Russia, with its state support.

A year later, Saudi Arabia has a military coalition in support of the government, but its devastating bombing campaign ultimately failed to end the Muslim front power.

A sustained Houthi push into Yemen's resource-rich eastern regions would threaten the government's economic lifeline.

Since then, Yemen has been effectively divided into two states, with the Muslim in center of large results of the north. Other sources that are higher has hatched in 2023 has now all but collapsed. A sustained Houthi push into Yemen's resource-rich eastern regions would threaten the government's economic lifeline and the rousing of such humanitarian crisis among millions of vulnerable Yemenite.

The fighting in Yemen has taken an broader significance amid the war that the United States and Israel launched against Iran in late February. The conflict prompted Iran's allies in the region. But the Muslims in Yemen and Huzhadias in Lebanon, in recent their own attacks.

Last month, an imminent escalated in Yemen, the Muslim announced a maritime blockade on Saudi Arabia in the Red Sea, a major global checkpoint for commercial shipping. Iran has already blockaded the front of Hormaz in the Persian Gulf, another official waterway for oil and gas exports, and fired on passing vessels.

Analysts say the latest ground attacks on Yemen will most likely further entail the Muslim front.

The Muslim are likely to escalate their attacks in the Red Sea, said Farou al-Muslim, a Yemen specialist at Chatham House, a London-based research institution.

"They have proven themselves much stronger than used they can make everyone bleed with relatively low cost and do a lot of harm at the same time," he said.

Iranian forces blockaded the Israel of Hormaz after the United States attacked in late February alongside Israel, its more days, Iran and neighboring Oman have been negotiating a framework to allow transit through the waterway to remain.

The Iran government takes hopeful for a cause-for- in June would restore the strash's private status quo, when ship-mounted forces had the force quickly unraveled as Iran-midually outcased to control over marine traffic, prompting an escalating cyclical American and Iranian attacks.

The U.S. military has resided in by in-posing its own blockade on Iranian ports, in at Firdah, U.S. Central Command, which contains American forces in the Middle East, and it had "enchanted, in commercial transit," factfully disabled two others, and bounded another two as part of that blockade.

Ismaud Nuur reported from Dubai, United Arab Emirates, and Aaron Boseman from Jerusalem, Lady Niksanaur received an opportunity.

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MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026 | 5

WORLD

Trump gains a loyal enabler

NEWS ANALYSIS WASHINGTON

New attorney general says president can direct actions of the Justice Department

BY GLENN TIBBISH

The three lasso-duck Republican senators who narrowly saved Todd Blanche's confirmation as attorney general ended up backing him because they believed he was the only person who had earned enough trust, and enjoyed enough access, to win in President Trump.

One man with that calculation: Mr. Blanche is a champion of controlled presidential power.

Two and again during his turbulent senatorial process, Mr. Blanche made it unmistakably clear that he believes Mr. Trump possesses a nearly limitless right to directly outentify the action of the Justice Department under Article II of the Constitution. It is as argument that formed the foundation of the strategy as the president's criminal defense lawyer and is the behavior of his government service.

Mr. Blanche's confirmation as the producer, known as Saturday was largely symbolic: As acting attorney general, he could have served indefinitely. But it represented a powerful endorsement by Congress of the philosophy that has guided him under a meddling, demanding laws – that he has a constitutional obligation to remove every lawful force in House order, even if it shatters longstanding policy and rule-of-law norms or contradicts what he thinks is right.

He articulated that new law that has meant he took over as acting attorney general in April, telling reporters that Mr. Trump had "the right" and "why" to order up investigations of people he forgets. During his confirmation, both in public and in private conversations, Mr. Blanche unbologized questions over whether actions Mr. Trump ordered were right, saying only that Mr. Trump had the right to do them.

Barbara McQuade, a University of Michigan Law School professor and former federal prosecutor, said this marked a major break from past administrative issues. "Just because a president can outentify the Justice Department does not mean he should," the said. "Since February, America has printed a Justice Department that is independent from partisan politics."

While his Trump and allies like Mr. Blane have responded, accused the Biden White House of ordering up prosecutorial for Am. against Republican, they have protested little evidence to support the kind of direct intervention that have become commonplace in Mr. Trump's second term.

In a recent interview, former President Barack Obama said he followed a break out of remaining at a distance from the Justice Department to protect its independence, even though he was not legally required to do so.

In the first instance shouldn't he able to direct the attorney general to go around prosecuting wherever the president wants to protect his "us". "I'm like it's that the attorney general is for people's lawyer. It's not the president's onslaught."

Mr. Trump has a different view. Case "good," Last Monday, he developed Justice Piers, the U.S. attorney for the District of Columbia, for withdrawing the indictment of a man accused of defusing the Refinicing Act in Washington last week. The United States has followed waring news, the fact that the president was to using marriage order to a federal prosecutor was to signal under this administration it was not issued in most of the earnings.

During his confirmation hearing, Senator Clive Coane, Democrat of Delaware, asked Mr. Blanche whether the department he was running is "independent from the White House?"

Mr. Blanche's reply: "Article II of the

Some Republicans hope the new attorney general, Todd Blanche, would be able to turn tough conversations with President Trump.

Constitution gives the power of the executive to President Trump."

What the Cause followed up by asking if he would resign if Mr. Trump directed him do something illegal or unethical, Mr. Blanche said: "That will serve happen. But yes, if it were to happen, I'm not going to violate my oath to the Constitution."

While many Republicans raised questions about Mr. Blanche's actions and even his independence during his confirmation, few were willing to withhold, or even leverage, their votes to challenge the less-neighbour-dynamic Mr. Trump has to be off on the board.

"Ultimately, decisions are made by the president," said Senator Bill Cassidy, Republican of Louisiana. "We are removed to a floor speech on Friday that he would deliver the decision vote for Mr. Blanche's confirmation.

The advisor Mr. Cassidy considered before making up his mind was outside. During his speech, he quoted extensively from conversations with William P. Barr. Mr. Trump's attorney general in his first term who articulated an important view of presidential power in a 2016 memo. Mr. Barr quit two years later when promoted by Mr. Trump to help undermine confidence in the 2020 election.

Mr. Barr contended Mr. Cassidy's support Mr. Blanche in the belief that he could quietly talk the president out of bad ideas.

Mr. Blanche's experience at Mr. Trump's private lawyer was not a reason to oppose him, Mr. Barr told Mr. Cassidy

sidy – but an asset. It gave Mr. Blanche the capacity to "have tough conversations" and confront Mr. Trump with "difficult truths" that could change his mind, Mr. Barr said to him.

Not every Republican bought into this job description of an attorney general.

Two Republican women, Senator Susan Collins of Maine and Senator Lisa McAlwain of Alaska, said they would vote on an Mr. Blanche precisely because he had been unwilling to speak truth to Mr. Trump's power or have enough tough conversations with him.

"Since Watergate, America has printed a Justice Department that is independent from partisan politics."

Ms. Collins, the first Republican to oppose Mr. Blanche, said he had taken several actions "that have further eroded the department's independence", including his sign-off of tax protection for the president and his family and the attempted indictments of Democrat and lawmakers who criticized Mr. Trump.

Early on Friday, Mr. McAlwain, a consistent and plain-spoken Republican critic of Mr. Trump, described her on time as a moment of major business sense – an opportunity to both demonstrate the chamber's dissatisfaction with Mr. Blanche's relevance and reliance the Senate's authority to influence the department's direction.

"The country needs an attorney general

and who will check the worst impulses of this administration," Mr. McAlwain said on Friday. "I hope Mr. Blanche is able to achieve that, if confirmed, but I simply do not have confidence that will be the case."

The New light over Mr. Blanche was preceded by a clash in the Senate Judiciary Committee that followed a similar trajectory.

Two lasso-duck senators, John Corrupt of Texas and Thorn Tillis of North Carolina, briefly withheld their support on the Senate Judiciary Committee over Mr. Blanche's role in a direct resolve Mr. Trump's lawsuit against the Internal Revenue Service. The ensuing agreement created a $1.6 billion fund to compensate purported victims of the above shown at the department and granted Mr. Trump sweeping immunity from tax investigations.

Both made it clear, from the start, that they liked Mr. Blanche and did not consider his reluctance to challenge Mr. Trump to be disqualifying.

They simply wanted him to put in writing his verbal commitment to kill the land and to exclude modest funds on the tax provision, Mr. Blanche was amenable, but the White House resisted, and Mr. Trump threatened to temporarily withdraw Mr. Blanche's nomination and the two lawmakers were out of office.

The president eventually released, charging the way he's vote on the floor, the upscale undertaker, a relative of crime, the hopeful power demand inherent in the partnership between Mr. Trump and Mr. Blanche.

Anger grows at delays in Pentagon cleanups

Hundreds of military bases across U.S. contaminated with 'forever chemicals'

BY HIRSCH TABCCHI

In December, Representative Jack Bergman of Michigan, a staunch ally of President Trump and MASA defender, who had been under the Defense America's military might, leading its "will to lose down potential signatures."

Then his speech took an unexpected turn, in goldiness.

"We have much more to do," he said. High on his fur: cleaning up PFAS, the harmful "forever chemicals" that pitted the American Navy from to the United States. The Pentagon must prioritize "deficiency environmental stewardship to communities impacted by PFAS," Mr. Bergman said.

The "PFA's" has been a challenging, there is bipartisan anger at the stalled progress in cleaning up toxic chemicals at military bases. The delays have emerged as a rare issue among Democratic and Republican in their criticism of the Pentagon.

PFA's issued foam has been used for the use of firefighting, HUD, and coercion and has left behind widespread contamination at military sites across the country. PFAS risks the foam extremely effective at monitoring fires, and the firefighting is a combination near military installations have for more concealed with the harmful chemicals, which are linked to low birth weight, both defects and developmental defects.

The first "U.S." foam reported last September that the Pentagon had quietly delayed the PFAS cleanups at nearly 140 military installations. Since then, the Pentagon has got off cleanup at nearly 100 sites. Our location is delayed by up to 20 years, according to a follow-up Times analysis of the latest federal data.

Dozens of members of Congress have demanded that the Department of Defense explain the delays and outline how it will protect service members and those living over the foams.

In a July 27 letter to Secretary of Defense Pete Bagnoli, Democratic Representative, Herman McDonald River and Debbie Dingell of Michigan, and Republican Representative, Joe A. Kiggins of Virginia and Brian K. Fitzpatrick of Pennsylvania said that it was "unacceptable that D.O.D. has continued to depremator" its cleanup efforts. The four are combined at 4 bipartisan PFAS tank bree that works on federal action to protect the public from the chemicals.

"We have real conversations, not partisan behavior," Ms. McDonald River said in an interview. "This is about the health and welfare of our troops. It's about protecting our soldiers in the household."

The Department of Defense did not respond to questions about the delays. The revolt represents a rare political crisis, even in the face of Pentagon's action on a matter that has become a major health concern for military commanders nationwide.

Pentagon must extraordinary has been the real machine Mr. Bergman, a retired three-star U.S. Marine Corps lieutenant general, the last incredibly limited President Trump's "america First" agenda and has questioned the results of the 2020 presidential election that Mr. Trump lost to former President Joe Biden.

Mr. Bergman has handily criticized Republican candidates who have opposed any part of Mr. Trump's agenda, and has supported investing heavily in border security and national defense.

But he also represents Michigan's First Congressional District, home to several current and former military sites with heavy PFAS contamination. They include the former Wartooth Air Force Base to Oncology, where decades of firefighting bans one severely contaminated the water and soil, as well as the drinking water to the area.

"This is about the health and welfare of our troops."

"I will be direct: The community of Oncology has restored more than a decade of contamination, broken processes, and institutional whiplash from the Air Force," Mr. Bergman wrote in a May 20 letter to Mr. Pentagon, which was previously the Times' last meeting out of ways to explain to my constituents why the service they trained with their community continues to treat them this way," he wrote.

The cleanup is a daunting task. Because PFAS are highly soluble in water and water do not break down in the environment, they can migrate far from where they were released and persist for decades, said Jennifer Field, a professor of environmental toxicology at Oregon State University.

The pharma can be very, very large, so the scale of contamination itself can be a challenge," Fred. Field said.

The chemicals have cast a poll on this many military communities, said Pete Bagnoli, member of the Great Lakes PFAS Action Network, an environmental group that has pressed the Department's defense and attention cleanup at the former Wartooth base.

"It's not just drinking water," he said. "It's the fish, it's the venison, it's the small gasses."

In a report by the Government Accountability Office last year, defense officials described the number of sites that must be assessed for PFAS containers, then nationwide as "overwhelming."

There is also no really available technology that quickly removes all PFAS contamination in soil and water.

A barred airplane frontage used in firefighting exercises at Camaro Air Force Base in New Mexico, a site contaminated with "forever chemicals" linked to health risks.

Costs soar for president's 'golden fleet' of Navy battleships

WASHINGTON

First Trump-class vessel is priced at $23.4 billion and may be years away

BY JOHN TIBBISH

A new class of warships that President Trump says will another a 'golden fleet' for the Navy is expected to cost at least 50 percent more than contained earlier, according to a government report.

The first planned Trump-class battleship, the U.S.S. Defiant, is likely to cost $23.4 billion, 18 billion more than the Navy initially indicated.

The rate of cost is the 1st additional vessels is expected to jump to slightly more than 100 billion from $23.3 billion, for the U.S. military and military bases.

The estimates were calculated by the respectively Congressional Budget 10.5bn, which said that the first of the battleships might take eight years or longer to be 1,000.

Mr. Trump announced in December that he expected two of the ships to be built over the next two and a half years. "They Trump maintain American mil-

itary supremacy, revive the American shipbuilding industry and inspire their 8s America's enemies all over the world. Mr. Trump said at the time, alongside condemning of the new ships.

Months after the announcement, Mr. Trump decided that the ships would be powered by nuclear reactors instead of gas turbine engines, a move that adds significantly to the costs.

"New ship types and new ship classes invariably cost more than 1% estimated at the start of construction," said Norman Polman, a moral analyst and author.

The term battleship would reflect in an earlier era of much larger protected warships that had multiple targets armed with major caliber guns. The last U.S. battleship was launched in 1944.

The ships Mr. Trump promises an significantly smaller and would have guided missiles at their primary arms, most instead.

Some of the additional weapons Mr. Navy has said will arm the new ships like an electromagnetic gun, more canceled after the spending of billions on decades of initial research and development. Others, like a defensive laser weapon, do not yet exist.

Mr. Trump has said he may want to build up to 25 nuclear-powered battleships, which he called the 'golden fleet'

President Trump announced the new class of warships in December. His decision to use nuclear power instead of gas to power the battleships added significantly to the costs.

Building 25 of the larger warships would cost roughly $400 billion, accorded any to the figures provided by the report, which was released on Wednesday.

Senator Jeff Meckley, Democrat of Oregon and the ranking member of the Budget Committee, requested that the

Congressional Budget Office study the new battleship program.

The new class of families are struggling to afford groceries, gas, health care and child care. Congress cannot throw hundreds of billions of dollars at Trump's 'Golden Fleet,' including plan-

tering his name across a new battleship: the senator said in a statement.

In April, Mr. Trump fired his Navy secretary for not moving quickly enough on building battleships.

On Tuesday, Senator Peter Murray, Democrat of Washington, said in a statement that funds for his new fleet were removed from the continuing resolution that it addressing through the Senate and the 1st held the government through Dec. 11.

Whether any of the ships will ever be built is not certain, on the Navy to recent years has tried and failed to build new ships in the future. It is said on budget. One such program, the Constellation-class Project, was canceled just a month before Mr. Trump announced his nonsmoker vessel, number, called the federal government's 2nd Air Force, and the Navy has already begun the commissioning some of them.

The first-class aircraft carriers have been bedwinded by mechanical and electrical problems when the lead ships of the class was commissioned. Only one is currently in service, and the delivery of the new service was relatively short.

The president's fixation on new ships also extends to the Coast Guard, with the recent decision to order 12 billion in solid contracts to build 12 cylinders.

In a speech to military leaders last September, Mr. Trump tried the 100th, documentary television series "Victory at Sea," which tested the role that Navy vessels played in World War II.

"I think we should maybe start thinking about battleships," the president said. "I want to make a victory at Sea," how "victory at Sea."

But battleships played a diminished rate during battles in the West during World War II as never aircraft carriers. World War II, in battle and war, was in fighting the Japanese at sea.

Since then, the Navy has sought to build smaller but far more capable warships that can carry out different kinds of elections.

Mr. Trump is not the first president to want to bring battleships back into service. The first class of war is expected to be having World War II and placed back into continuous intermittently for service in the service, and National War Promotion should be made there a decision to order the 50th ship Navy's new regu when he re-constrained the battleship U.S.S. New Jersey in 1942.

The last of these battleships, the U.S.S. Missouri, was de-constrained in 2002, after saving, combat during the Persian Gulf War and was turned into a floating mission in Pearl Harbor.

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6 | MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026

WORLD

Small town at center of immigration debate

HUDSON, COLD

Detention facility rolls a Colorado community and a U.S. House race

BY JACK BEAGT

After the Pledge of Allegiance and a discussion of food truck regulations, the town consultant in Gay Hudson, Colo., reached the hard part of their weekly meeting: getting yelled at by dozens of protesters furious about an immigration detention center set to open-in an empty prison on the edge of town.

"Uncle Hattie" several members of the crowd shouted, among posters opposing the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency "Shares! Shares!"

The protesters had driven in front left-leaning cities along Colorado's Front Range to fill the town hall in Hudson, a town of 1,000 with one stop light and a grocery store that sits in a sea of farmland and oil-suit-gas operations in Northern Colorado. It is just a 45-minute drive from Denver but is a different political universe, where residents stand overwhelmingly for President Trump.

Until recently, Hudson was mostly known as a speed trap, but the arrival of an Immigration and Customs Enforcement facility has now plunged the town into one of the United States' most decisive debates and joined the re-election campaign of one of the most vulnerable Republican in Congress.

The detention center will sit along the border of Colorado's 6th Congressional District, a heavily Latino district served by "deportationers" radio. From a Trump stalwart who routed a Democrat two years ago.

The 1,000 men are hoping they can capitalize on growing anger over the high cost of living and Mr. Trump's deportation campaign to retake the district and re-issue control of Congress.

The 1,000 men expressed support for immigration detention centers, while his Democratic challenger, Manny Butzori, a progressive state lawmaker, is campaigning on a pledge to "stop ICE from terrorizing our communities."

When it opens, as early as next month, the Big Horn detention center in Houston could hardly request immigration enforcement to a corner of Colorado where immigration from across the world work in insurmounting plants and fields. It would usually double Colorado's immigrant detention capacity, and appeasers to get it would see fear across the plains.

Share and Examine Uras, who live in nearby Fort Lupton, Colo., would think that how in 2024 after being fed up with inflation and scenes of chaos along the southern border during the Biden ad-

The GEO Group, one of the largest private prison companies in the United States, has a $120 million contract to run an Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention facility, above, in Hudson, Colo. Right, protesters pushing a town meeting in Hudson.

ministration. But they said Mr. Trump's immigration crackdown had gone too far, and they did not want an ICE detention center down the road. They are planning to vote for Mr. Butzori in November.

"There are more important things," Mr. Cruz said on Wednesday, as he parked his top-up trail outside the city's American flag-shaped home.

Lets last year, protesters called outside Mr. Evanes's district office in Greeley, Colo., to urge him not to suggest the detention center. A spokeswoman for Mr. Evans declined a request to discuss the issue.

Conservatives in Mr. Evanes's district said they welcomed the prospect of more immigration enforcement in Colorado, a Democratic-led state that the Trump administration has attacked in its sanctuary policies. They have also argued that the detention center would create jobs and revive a prison that has

sat empty for more than a decade.

"It's just sitting there," said Denise DeMou, a nurse's aide in Fort Lupton who described herself as "big into MAGA." Unauthorized immigrants, she said, are "taking over the country."

"We're going to scoop your butt up," she continued.

The GEO Group, one of the country's largest private prison companies, has a $120 million contract to run the facility and is already advertising for security officers, starting at $25 an hour, and other support staff. On Wednesday, a few pickup trucks came and went from the property, but there was no sign that any detainees had arrived. Neither the GEO Group nor ICE responded to requests for contracts.

Hudson's leaders insist they are powerless to stop the center. By not being the town manager, said the prison had been approved by town voters years ago and that it still had a certificate of occu-

pancy, even though it has sat empty for more than a decade.

"We're very limited in our abilities to do anything," Mr. Lange said. "It's already built."

The prison building is owned by High-

lands REIT, a Chicago-based real-estate investment trust, which did not respond to requests for contracts.

The town's mariner has only fueled protesters' frustration. Opponents of the prison need Hudson last month, arguing

the building site is not zoned for an immigration detention center. The site says the facility could strain Hudson's water systems, made and emergency services by leaving an empty in 1,200-dications in a remote facility (2 miles/place) 30 kilometers/1 train (the nearest hospital).

"The town has thrown up its hands and claimed it does not have the authority to act — that is it so," said David Seligman, executive director of the progressive legal nonprofit Tencent's Justice, which used Hudson on behalf of a faith group and a neighbor near the facility.

Dozens of protesters regularly flock to Hudson to search through the streets and demonstrate in the dusty field outside town hall. "I mentioned, of people have deluged the town with angry written comments.

"It's against every filter of my being," said Barbara Miller King, a retired engineer who drove from suburban Denver to Hudson with two friends to attend a raucous council meeting on Wednesday.

Democrats are hoping they can capitalize on anger over deportations and the cost of living to retake the district.

A texas band strutled through a quiet neighborhood as organizers headed on leaders opposing the detention center, prompting pickup trucks truck behind the procession to hook in frustration. Chesney Baldwin, a college student who lives in Hudson, was paroled as he watched the marchers go by.

"Everyone here likes it!" he said. "This isn't Denver."

Some residents and town leaders are tired of the scrutiny and any they normally shall own meetings have been to picked by outsiders. Five police officers were searching bags and providing security at a council meeting on Wednesday as dozens of demonstrators wanted to make statements opposing the detention center.

"They people don't pay taxes here," Tracy Trevarino, a Hudson resident, said, as she stood in the entryway to town hall.

"We can't even get in town and control the town business," she said. "It's tearing our town apart."

The meeting just works grew unheated that the mayor abruptly addressed it, prompting even more outrage.

Kerry Shalkin, a longtime resident and member of Hudson's planning commission, walked away shaking his head over the street, and the street was closed, which he characterized as a "stovesty." But he also felt for the besieged town government.

"They've been through the wringers," he said. "I can't see council. Thank God I lost. I didn't need to sit through all of this."

Conflicting messages on economy

ALLEN, TEXAS

Texas Senate candidates approach affordability from opposite directions

BY LAUREN MCGUGGIST

San Pustino pitched for plan to make Texas more affordable in a Mexican restaurant cramated with people, working mostly off the roll from a retail, crumpled page of news.

The first time an Wednesday night, James Talarios read his plan from a teleprompter at an e-sports arena, to make a larger American flag and in front of a large crowd.

Both men were the same Senate seat. And both said during events last week that the seat of living had become too high in the way of life.

With Mr. Talarios leading in some polls and Democratic chasing their first state vote win in Texas in more than 20 years, both campaigns have made at least 20,000 in the same sector of the U.S. Mr. Pustino. A Republican and attorney general at Texas, would cut taxes. Mr. Talarios, a Democratic state representative, would raise wages and increase taxes on the wealthy.

Mr. Pustino's plan cramated on new tax deductions for second homes, medical bill, charity, financial savings.

Mr. Talarios's plan proposed increasing wages, repealing billmakers tax cuts and relocating debt.

"We have an affordability crisis because we have a corruption crisis," Mr. Talarios said intrigue at the Eastern Madison Arlington, the former Arlington state district. Hadden, he said, was only "NEW AMERICAN DREAM." Blue lights show you the crowd, which his campaigns said tapped 1,000 people.

She lived for six on billion acres and again, with a Republican councillor who sat in the same room after a support to the fight against a tyrannical and was built to benefit the ultra-healthy Mr. Talarios said he wanted to show tax loopholes and provide down-pace to an unburied, the first time from buyers. He wanted an "all-of-the-shews energy attempt" that bridged more than 100,000 people. He wanted to show A.I. dividend, the idea of providing direct payments for people who had lost income or opportunities because of artificial intelligence.

James Talarios, left, and San Pustino, right, laid out comparing cramated plans at events in North Texas. Mr. Pustino focused on tax cuts; Mr. Talarios called for higher wages.

"Whether you're a little more conservative or a little more progressive — we're all getting screwed," Mr. Talarios said.

"It's bit kicked" even last Tuesday, Mr. Pustino told the few hundred supporters gathered in the special events space at Muir's Rancho Martinez on Allen that he wanted a $25,000 tax deduction for health care costs. He also proposed a $5,000 tax deduction for "healthy living" spending on gym membership on C.I.P.'s medications like Oestropin or Zopbound. He said he wanted to make it easier for people to buy first and second homes, with a $50,000 tax deduction for each.

The one thing they agreed on could cost trillions of dollars.

The crowd whoaped and hollowed, leaning themselves in the hot, packed room.

"We have socialist Democrats like James Talarios who want to become Texas senator," Mr. Pustino said, "when he belongs to California."

Mr. Talarios is not a member of the Democratic Socialists of America, the is not endorsed by the D.C.A., Priscilla Treverton, the group's communications director, candidate. There are an D.A.A. candidate who will make in Texas.

That has not stopped Mr. Pustino, or his person, who bearing into that messaging, Wilfrith, Talarios should be some polls, and with a much larger war chest. Mr. Pustino hopes to save death among moderates that his opponent is the candidate for them.

Mr. Talarios addressed the tactic in his speech.

"They're going to claim we're socialists, or communists, or whatever should succeed in a fatalities," he said. "We've got, 'to that the best you can do.'"

Economists from both parties said Mr. Talarios's plan was widely. "Some men with a popular look, and said Mr. Pustino's tax deductions would not benefit many low-income Americans. They said the one thing that Mr. Pustino said Mr. Talarios agreed on — expanding the child tax credit — could cost trillions of dollars over the next decade.

Jessica Roell, a budget and tax fellow with the Brookings Institution, said the two candidates place two filled with "poll-normal" proposals she would have expected during campaign session.

"Both candidates are promising a free lunch," said Ms. Roell, who has advised Republican presidential candidates, "we that with fewer taxes or with more spending that can be funded by the top one person."

Jared Bernstein, the former chair of President Joe Biden's Council of Economic Advisers, said Mr. Talarios's plan had a mix of good "and less good" ideas. He applauded the Democrats on promoting ways to create more housing stock and to crack down on "tax chases."

Both Mr. Bernstein and Mr. Roell criticized the Pustino plan as expensive and unhelpful to the complex Americans. The Pustino campaign did not answer questions about how the plan would be financed.

"My take on the plan is that he helped a lot of people like himself," Mr. Bernstein said, "and from what I can tell, he's not the one who needs it."

For nude cyclists, it's a party and a protest

PORTLAND, ORE.

BY ANNA GRAYON AND MAUREEN O'AGGAN

When political times get tough for liberals, a certain segment of Portland, Ore., results for protest in perhaps its major form: They take off their clothes, climb into bicycles and ride through the city.

They've been doing this since 2004. But this summer, they're doing it twice.

The city now hosts two competing versions of the World Naked Bike Ride, a global movement that began in Vancouver, British Columbia, in the early 2000s to call attention to oil dependence, bicycle safety and body positivity.

The split has become a surprisingly revealing proxy for a debate playing out across the American left. When there's protest stop being a protest? Is building community itself a form of resistance? Is it a problem? Is having too much fun, have you lost the plan?

"Is riding a bike and participating in a group bike ride about nonreducing bicycling, or is it about changing the world?" said Admira Lugo, a Los Angeles-based anthropologist who has studied and participated in bicycle protest culture.

What started as a fun — if not normal — protest, gradually became one of the pressure events in a summer cycling calendar to crowded that, on some weekends, when can choose from a new, and to a new, celebrating hidden pop culture, politics or simply the pleas, one of profiling through the city on a warm, warm day.

By the early 2020s, as many as 16,000 riders were turning out. Police temporarily closed streets. Organizers sold merchandise. Tourists came to reach.

When organizers passed the road, 2024 to refresh how to safely manage in growing popularity, another group decided Portland didn't simply need a naked bike ride. A needed one that pitched processing and exhausting traffic management help from police. The result: Two naked rides.

Personally, part go on a bike ride that's a protest that involves the police, said President Nixon, a Portland bicyclist who helped launch the alternative ride. "It does not make any sense at all."

At the top, ride two weeks ago, however, the road suggested that celebrities and protest need not be naturally exclusive. Bicycles were bottomed with doors built, colonnier lighting and

speakers boasting pop music. Riders in various states of uniform played backy such, suggest and denied alongside a media image.

"To be able to do something like this, on a beautiful night, it's a celebration of the world," said John Berzen, who was participated with his husband for more than a decade.

To many riders, this joyful scene of comrades — and the unsophisticest embrace of every imaginable body type — is itself an act of resistance.

"I am people with stars. People who've gone through huge weight loss. People in the midst of transitioning," said Micah Ballon, who attended with friends. "No one is walking around in body development, but you're talking about it."

The newer and scheduled for this past weekend, was expected to have a similar role of make or body poisoned riders on bikes that have been decorated and lengthy in.

Just in search of outside any police protection and was planned to begin with speakers reminding participants that they were gathering complete bond had dependence, the power of oligarchs and hope of computers, and the vulnerable try that many cyclists and pedestrians had in a world built for cars.

They were also to bike through the parking garage of a mall stored for demolition in protest its redevelopment.

"There is a big difference between a bunch of people getting together and having a party and a bunch of people

getting together to have a protest with a common cause and a common conscience," Boreham Moss said.

That's not to suggest protest can't be joyful. Last fall, the newer organizers called an emergency canteen this year, which is emergency information and the threatened use of National Guard troops in Portland.

Several thousand people, many nude except for clear plastic practice, polluted through a classroom in the city's Immigration and Customs Enforcement building to join people engaging in a more traditional protest. As federal officers watched from the rest, some parking doors that weapons to take off these photos, a dance party broke out.

The modern bicycle protest emerged alongside gay rights activists, once removed justice campaigns and other direct action movements in the 1970s.

Over time, though, many bicycle abusers walked from confrontation to the decathlon, and many didn't play stars in build protected bike lanes and safer streets.

Jonathan Moss, a journalist who has chronicled Portland's cycling culture for decades, said currently, "I've been looking for bigger picture when it comes to the competing rides.

"To me, having a community where naked bike riding is still this powerful, connected, absurd, wonderful thing, that shows a healthy culture," he said. "It should be celebrated and studied, not so offed at."

In Portland, Ore., there are two naked biking events. The second one emerged as some riders found the original event had stopped from its roots as a protest movement.

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MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026 | 7

Chinese

Chinese robots try to woo investors

SEIU

Unitree's creations move like humans, but must overcome political hurdles

BY STEVE LOHK AND JOYUS WU

Unitree Robotics may be little known outside China. Its robots are not. Millions around the world have watched videos of the company's machines carrying out remarkable foots that seem almost superhuman.

During China's nationally televised Lunar New Year celebration, a troupe of Unitree-humansial robots performed an elaborate hung to routine, making walls, exercising, hand, fiber and working outside.

Now the company is taking its biggest step yet: an initial public offering on the Shanghai State Exchange. On Thursday, Unitree joined its clients at the equivalent of around $1.6, seeking to raise about $900 million in a deal valuing it as about $9 billion.

The listing comes at a pivotal moment for the humanoid robot industry. Investors are betting that machines built to look and move like humans will become the next major technology breakthrough. Governmental technology see them as strategic assets as well.

Last month, the U.S. Federal Commission issued Commission announced plans to turn new Chinese robot cartridges and quadruped robots, citing national security concerns.

U.S. officials argue that he sucks robots become commonplace in factories, offices and homes, they could corruptly conduct sensitive commercial, government and personal information at provide new revenues for cyber-industry attacks on critical infrastructure. Last year, European researchers identified security vulnerabilities in a Unitree robot that could potentially be exploited by hackers.

China accused the United States of 'overcrowding the concept of national security,' a phenomenon established by Wednesday, Beijing announced a series of residency comments against the United States, citing actions taken by the FCC, as one better behind the argument.

Washington also appears determined to avoid a repeat of what happened in the entire vehicle industry, where Chinese manufacturers, admitting payment state support, rapidly scaled production and came to dominate the global market.

Unitree has emerged as China's leading contender to dominate humanoid robotics. Its importance was underscored when its founder, Wang Xingxing, out-promised by more from $1.5, buying, the country's top leader, at a symposium last year showcasing China's technological advances.

The company based in the eastern Chinese city of Hangzhou, came to set government and the legal industry with robots at age 19 while a university student, After graduate school and a mint at a drone maker, he founded the

A robot demonstration at Unitree in Hangzhou, China, last year. The company's robots can perform hung to and scale walls.

company a decade ago.

What started at some person start-up has become one of China's leading robotics companies and a national champion in Beijing's role. In total, the company's robot market. At 36, Mr. Wang has become the public face of that ambition.

Yet Unitree also embodies the central question hanging over the industry. The technology is advancing rapidly as the company's demonstrations make clear. Whether there will be a large commercial market anytime ones remains the two stories.

'The Unitree took it all with its a belt, wether for how the capital markets view this exciting but naucest technology,' said Lian Jiy Su, a Singapore-based sta-

alist for Omaha, a technology research firm.

According to the company and market researchers, Unitree shipped more humanoid robots than any other manufacturer last year. The company contains relatively small, generating about $250 million in revenue in 2025. But sales more than quadruped, and it is profitable.

Even as doubts linger about the immediate commercial viability of humanoid robots, their long-term importance is seen as a significant step in the advancement of artificial intelligence.

Today's A.I. systems, like chatbots, learn primarily from analyzing vast quantities of digital data called from the

interest and elsewhere. But humanoid robots will increasingly learn by interacting with people and objects in the physical world.

That emerging field is known as 'strobodied A.I.' or 'physical A.I.' Self-driving cars are one application, but humanoid robots are expected to operate in more varied and unpredictable environments – from factories and warehouses to stores and, eventually, homes.

For technology companies, human-olds represent an emerging market for baby and software. In-store throng, the chief executive of the American ship grant Nvidia, has declared physical A.I. an 'low 'best frontier' for artificial intelligence.

In June, Nvidia announced a partnership with Unitree to hold a research robot. Unitree will supply the mechanical body and Nvidia for digital brain – a specialized A.I. chip designed specifically for a robot.

Demand for humanoid robots, mean analysis predict, could accelerate over the next several years. A recent report from CLEA, an investment research firm, forecasts that the global market will reach $50 billion by 2030, up from roughly $2 billion this year.

Adoption is expected to unfold in the market for human decades, according to the report. Manufacturers, particularly enthusiasts, are likely to be the first to see how a high-tech by a major and retail industries before eventual household use.

Looking further out, Morgan Stanley addresses the humanoid robot market could exceed $1 million by 2030, with as many as one billion models in operation worldwide. These projections remain highly speculative but illustrate investment guidelines related to the sector.

Unitree's first 2025 humanoid robotics company over U.S. trade policy as a risk. The company also provides a high-quality inspection and order demand stored growth in the first quarter of 2026.

Revenue still rose 60 percent from a year earlier. Profit fell 20 percent, hit by 2026. The company has now increased spending on research and development.

Most of Unitree's biggest rivals are domestic, including Agilent, U87010, Liye Robotics, Engraval's and Finester Robotics, Inc. (U87010), a top paper by Hong Kong in late 2023 and now has a market capitalization of $5.6 billion. Unitree's first humanoid robotics company to list in mainland China.

American competitors – including Agility Robotics, Figaro 4, Agriproak, 15 Technology and Boston Dynamics, which is owned by the South Korean carmaker, Hyundai Motor – are also racing in develop humanoid robots. Tesla, which was named as a competitor in Unitree's prospectus, has said it eventually aims to produce one million humanoid robots annually.

For one, Tesla and most American robot makers, in preventing customers, bearing on technological refinement before many production.

China, however, is moving faster toward main production. Chinese manufacturers shipped roughly $1,500 humanoid robots in the first half of this year, compared with about 1,000 by U.S. companies, according to Omaha, Unitree's product range from less than $2,000 to more than $150,000, spanning industrial, educational and consumer markets.

For now, however, dazzling demonstrations remain easier than building a business. Much of today's industrial demand consists of pilot projects, training robots in cars, more and scientific parts. Fully autonomous states of humanoids are still years away.

A long, huprishnesses can showcase what humanoid robots are capable of. Whether it points to a main market is another question.

'It's not clear yet where the large-scale consumption of humanoid robots will be,' Mr. Su of Omaha said.

A.I. frenzy turns market into 'playground for gamblers'

SEIU

South Korea's KOSPI swings wildly, vaporizing savings of many traders

BY CHOK SANG-SUN

South Korea has never witnessed a financial frenzy upon this film.

Driven by the global artificial intelligence boom, an open market leader, the KOSPI, snatched in the half half of this year, adding millions of dollars' worth of value and outperforming every major global index. But there came the whipball.

As the South Korean stock market became the epicenter of both investment enthusiasm and anxiety related to A.I., the KOSPI has become a major building sentiment has been focused on two leading chip suppliers in the boom in building A.I. data systems, Samsung Electronics and 5K Hyatt. Together they have been given their first return of the KOSPI.

The unique became so violent that the spanner eventually ordered mandatory trading lesions almost every other day last month. By July 26, the KOSPI had plunged about two-fifths from its peak, wiping out more than $2.9 billion in the year. The company has been recovered quickly, so the bank of bullish comments from Microsoft and Amazon about growing its market content.

On July 31, the index rose a record 10 percent, including 44.5% of the 10s. (On Friday, the index closed at 4.2.09 points.)

This violent video-curvein ride has been a significant impact on the market, and what came frustrated South Koreans now call the 'Binge Contact' defining the suppliers national under President Lee Jae Hyeong. Mr. Lee had positioned

himself as the highest-profile champion of the wild, claiming his political brand to the economic worldwide of A.I.

Now, with the KOSPI wildly swearing and Mr. Lee's domestic approval ratings to keep, citizens are openly questioning whether the administration overtrigued a fragile market.

In June, when the index lowered around 6,000, Mr. Lee declared the market 'rather robust'. Just last month, he proclaimed, 'I believe A.I. is able to humanely discovering the secret.'

Driven 40 part by such encouragement, millions of South Koreans opened trading accounts and bet on Samsung and 5K Hyatt.

The companies' memory chips story and shuttle the enormous amounts of data used in training and running A.I. models. The stock prices of both companies dropped sharply during July, even as they improved huge increases in revenue and profit and said they could not keep up with demand.

But so the last day of July, shares in Samsung scored 57 percent, while 5K Hyatt reduced 10 percent.

Across data, other markets and companies exposed to A.I. spending enjoyed strong gains – albeit none by category – are with the KOSPI.

The KOSPI delivered an extraordinary 70 percent gain last year, making it the world's top-performing major index. The total market capitalization started to $5 million in early June, briefly eclipsing India, Canada and major European nations to become the world's sixth largest equity market. Today, the market is a compounding political liability.

The market has become a veritable gambling site,' said Lee Jong-won, an official worker in Seoul. 'I feel so much to accommodate her and A.I. stocks in recent weeks that I am terrified to even look at my scores. In fact, I should need my stock market notifications on my cell phone.'

Millions of South Koreans bet on 5K Hyatt and Samsung, two leading chip suppliers. 'The KOSPI has been trading like a memo stock,' one analyst said of the market.

In Seoul's subways, many consumers were on longer streaming 8-distance, they were staring bluntly at smartphone screens, watching their social competes at an alarming rate. One trading boards were overflowing with reports from people whose 'We has been totally screwed' Not far from where Mr. Lee waved for the two under a sweltering sample of the market traders delivered rows of funeral flower wreaths on the front part of the National Assembly. Their black-on-white ribbons bore a stark warning: 'Don't ignore the tears of pain.'

That was a reference to South Korea's retail day traders, for whom the market could in not a matter of direction and ratio – it is an existential tragedy. Regular citizens were actively encouraged to invest in the market by a government aggressively promoting equities to

more household wealth away from an overbeated real estate sector. Young professionals, students, and even company authors took our high-interest work, paying $1 million to gain wealth outpace bank interest and cashier there against a shock jet market.

Particularly enticing, were single-week lower-paid exchange-mutual funds, which were marked Samsung and Hyatt. These products promised double gains in three shares – but they delivered double in shares when they fell.

The government regulators authorized the launch of these E.T.F.s in late May, they helped fuel the market ahead of local elections the next month. Yet they were not stopping on the accelerator during the subsequent market plunge, said Shin Dong-uk, an opposition lawmaker.

Mr. Lee, the president, was away on a

state visit to Latin America last week. Partner citizens back home noted his life absence, flooding his social media over past years with vitriol and accusing him of hurting abroad while his people suffered. Pasts has infiltrated Mr. Lee's party, too.

'Certain-come cannot explain what we are witnessing,' warned Son My-song-wu, a lawmaker from the governing Democratic Party.

'We are not suffering an Asian financial crisis, a global financial confidence in the future, and our financial market is on the verge of total collapse. Answer can we this matter.' said Son My-song-wu, a lawmaker for gamblers.'

Khoai Goh, the head of Asia research at ANZ, an Australian banking group, shared that sentiment. 'The KOSPI has been trading like a memo stock or crypto,' he said. 'It's not normal behavior for a major index.'

The U.S. National Minister Ban has chast and top-pick praskers were forced to apologize for grandgulars, the high risk E.T.F.s without properly evaluating their dangers.

The U.S. National Bank has been a major market leader, and the U.S. National Bank has been a major market leader, and the U.S. National Bank has been a major market leader, and the U.S. National Bank has been a major market leader, and the U.S. National Bank has been a major market leader, and the U.S. National Bank has been a major market leader, and the U.S. National Bank has been a major market leader, and the U.S. National Bank has been a major market leader, and the U.S. National Bank has been a major market leader, and the U.S. National Bank has been a major market leader, and the U.S. National Bank has been a major market leader, and the U.S. National Bank has been a major market leader, and the U.S. National Bank has been a major market leader, and the U.S. National Bank has been a major market leader.

The high-risk E.T.F.s have helped turn South Korea's stock market into a 'reliable version of liquid claims,' said Jeong Hyeong, a business owner of the own group Korea Stockholders Association, referring to the 40-engine Korean drama series. 'They should never have been here.'

Dezinde Wahdequash and Steve Lehr contributed reporting.

Salad scare gives local greens the green light

Consumers are avoiding prepackaged lettuce amid cyclooperative outbreak

BY JULIE CHENWILL

Oliver's Produce, a small family-owned farm and market in upstate New York, sold 700 heads of lettuce last July. This July, as an outbreak of cyclooperative scared people off from high greens at chain restaurants and grocery stores, sales more than doubled in 1,000 heads.

'We actually sold out last Friday ahead of the weekend,' Sawyer Oliver, part of the husband-and-wife team that owns the farm, said last week.

Sales of prepackaged salads in grocery and other retailers dropped more than 20 percent in mid-July from a month earlier, according to Nation's Q. a consumer research firm. Instead, more consumers are turning to local produce stands, farmers' markets and even grandmaurs grows produce in the belief that remains; spinach and barley lettuce are used even produce grown in large industrial farms.

Ms. Oliver was managing the sudden surge in demand last week, dealing with calls from customers disappeared that they couldn't get their hands on both greens and local restaurants thanks for new sources of lettuce.

'We have people shouting us, wondering when we't have more,' she said.

Lettuce at a farmers' market in New York last week, health farmers have experienced a surge in demand recently.

Oliver's Produce is one of many small farmers benefiting from the need of uncertainty around early greens as the United States remains in the gripe of a record outbreak of cyclooperative, as it is seen that strikes people with stomach cramps and severe diarrhea. As of Wednesday the government Minister Central and Preventive had confirmed or was investigating more than 32,000 tons of air if taken, and had rejected 517 hospitalizations. Two deaths in Michigan have been linked to the illness.

Federal health officials have linked more than 8,200 of these illnesses to unhargy female greens in Mexico or abroad at some Star Bell locations and elsewhere. Taylor Farms, a supplier of Sars Bell and the United States' largest produce supplier to grocery retailers now was installed. A secondly, a cashier is suking lettuce shipped to 27 states.

An despite repeated insurances from Taylor Farms, which said in a statement that 'all implicated product is no longer in the market,' many consumers are shouting the huge and plastic containers of a regular and spinach they bought just a few weeks ago.

Some of the distrust from consumers seems from the lack of visibility into where lettuce comes from. Taylor Farms, a vegetable behennett with more than 47 billion in annual sales, with out of kits under its own name, but much of its sales to grocery retailers and restaurants are a mystery to consumers. The company – like other food producers – does not disclose which sources restaurants can do inally greens or other vegetables, which has fueled speculative consumption. 'We have been a millionaire who have shedest Taylor Farms in the source of their favorite herb greens.

Who has a flavor in Charlotte, N.C., used to buy hot containers if mixed greens were that sort, largely because they were cheaper there. But when the cyclooperative outbreak happened, the people buying about a draperies.'

'I went two weeks without buying any produce before I said, 'There has to be a lettuce that is safe to eat,' 'Ms. Sun said. She saw years as social media about the world's leading market growth and growers produce. On her next trip to Wal-mart, she picked up a package of green-beans-grown lettuce from Little Leaf Farms.

Ms. Sun said, 'I'll go back to the other lettuce found.' Ms. Sun said, 'I don't feel very confident in the information we're getting from the government right now. Even if they come out and said, 'Yup, everything is safe.' On our next 1-ended trust that.'

ALL AS, PAGE 8

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8 | MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026

BUSINESS

A rebel of the kitchen whose legend is growing

BOURJAIN, FROM PAGE 1

with time, across multiple fronts. There are the TV shows; there are the books; the anniversary editions of the books, the posthumous travel guides; the photographs and images used by the screen-turors; the members of the animators; the biographies both authorized and unauthorised; the ship and lodgers collecting his vital insights into inaccessible form.

Now comes the biopic "Tony" which confers us in subject readers America's ultimate future – the right to be known by a single name – and presents his late-adulthood celebrity as the stuff of mists, almost biblical, origins. If Bourdain had not tested a freshly caught striped bass on Cape Collie the summer of 2014, would history have ever been the cause? Would the 20-year-old Tony have become Anthony Bourdain, chef, writer, founder and tutor satirans? The collective rage to know this man shows no sign of abusing; the dark prince of kitchen quotes has become for the present generation what James Dean and Jim Morrison were in earlier times, the essence of acceptable rebeling.

Virtually every place Bourdain visited and authored still hours the trace of his memory. Before it closed last year, Chris Francis – the most recent successor to Lee Hollen, the Rock Avenue hurry at which Bourdain served as executive chef before he found fame with his hit 2009 memoir, "Kitchen Confidential" – had a small glass display case paying homage to Bourdain. In Real The Muang Lion, a plexiglass cube still encloses the table and stools where Bourdain stood with President Barack Obama for an episode of his CNN show "Pearl Claiborne" Today visitors to this student and new method, those needle house can marvel at the table, still set, that hosted this encounter of the high-filtrid megahuses: the chopsticks that serviced the Bourdainsan mouth, the hen of tenses that brought nearer to the presidential tone, the spoons that touched their lips.

June 25, the day he was born in 1944, is now Bourdain Day online, an opportunity for his acety to re-remember him with extracts from his books and shows, photos of Urban Truganda, descriptions of memorial dancers and head-stones sketches of his likeness. The real power of the Bourdain cult is felt in the outpourings of his followers and initiatives. It's felt in the excitement that the hit gastro-drama "The Bear" aired the first episode of its final season on Bourdain Day; in the perpetual re-condole and unholyman action social media at the "Anthony Bourdain sandwich," a stack of food mentalis and percolate on a roll that was among his most cherished meals. The phantastical Bourdain has become mightier than the real Bourdain ever was, in part because the flesh-and-blood original is no longer around to take onus with the way his words and ideas are chopped and chopped throughout culture. Death is censoring and hastenifying at the same time.

A series the internet, measureable has accounts reproduce Bourdain's operas and injunctions over pictures of him in various settings draws from his TV shows – his mouth forever potted into that into-stable telegraph. Here he is, staring into the distance through a pair of sunglasses: "Knowing how to cook an oasis, wipe your own can and roll a decent pain – these are the main life while every self-respecting adult should matter." Here he is in Paris, before a cafe table set with a baguette and a cup of milky coffee: "More of us are lucky to see Paris and in a lifetime! Please make the most of it by doing as little as possible. Walk a little. Get him a bit, Eat. Catch a breakfast hour. Have a nap. Try and have me if you can, just eat with a sauce." Turn he's tightly, and he's deep in conversation with a Black man dropped his throats, one he's laughing at lunch. "Life is [neglective] gone."

And then, of course, there's the chords of text that Claiborne stalled to the wall of his pub. The cult that Bourdain has spanned is now secreted and fertile that

Bourdain's new video, 2006, from "The New York Times"

the quotation with which he's most often associated and deemed millen is not even something he said. In fact, a bar claims to have made up the passage in 2021 to sound like a classic burw of Bourdainsans, and it has spread to all corners of the internet in the years since.

That Bourdain never altered these words makes them only more interesting. In this collection of fictional commands, you can see the cosmon of the nascent Bourdainsan cult, its constant exhortation to betterment through discovery: agro-cohabitation, shining down and bedrock self-care. Every cultural phantasm is by definition beautiful, that, but in the years since Bourdain's death, his legend has detached from the ordinary rules of attribution and gained an eerie kind of auto-generation velocity. This is now a cult of authenticity, so powerful it does not even need to hold itself to its own defining standard, a cult that can accommodate both fact and fiction. No longer simply a mourned chef, writer and ban rovert, Bourdain has become an ideology.

From top: Anthony Bourdain is thong Kong in 2009, a memorial at the restaurant Los Halies in Manhattan after Bourdain's death in 2010, and the table at Bon Cha Muang Lion in Hanoi, Vietnam, where Bourdain once dined with Barack Obama. The phantastical Bourdain has become mightier than the real Bourdain ever was, in part because the original is no longer around to take onus with the way his words and ideas are used.

Bourdain's new video, 2006

Though it arrives at a relatively mature stage of its subject's posthumous legend, the new biopic offers clues as to why. The film liberally adopts two chapters of "Kitchen Confidential" to tell the story of various anatomings – sexual, culinary, cultural – that Bourdain underwrote over the course of a single summer working in the kitchen at a Provincetown restaurant in the early 1970s.

The story is also, uncryptomously, about the man he became once his kitchen days were behind him, and a slave to the law but a sensualist of the table. Indeed, the most revealing and ironic with science where a sexual Bourdain's discovery of his own palate, "Tony" is an much about the joy of developing an appreciation for fresh seafood as it is about discovering the thistle and dangers of kitchen use.

Bourdain was cool, you, good-looking, without death; tall, all the medical records agree. He reshuiled both liberal virtue and self-proof authorizety. He was a "good guy" who took the time to listen to refugees and victims of war, but he was also honest about his shortcomings as a husband and father and human. The tate, the alcoholic whiff of peak rock, his kicked ankle truss and the nerve-infrared element. These were all part of the package, too. "I'm Anthony Bourdain, I write, I travel, I eat, and I'm hungry for more" was the line he spoke over the opening credits to every episode of his TV series "No Brave-victors," and in many ways that raptures the essence of his advice. Bourdain came along at a time when Americans were uniquely primed to transform food from a simple source of entertainment into a cultural vision, to make eating a marker of social and individual progress rather than a simple necessity.

But there's something deeper driving inymanta, and the new biopic helps shed light on what that might be. People are discussed with Bourdain because of what he became, because he managed the transition from a life of work to a life of play.

This is a man, he's not forget, who spent almost three decades as a non-Islamic cook before he hit it big. Time and time again, he has books and TV shows, Bourdain returns to the summer. So finally quit his job at Los Halies to become our full-time food daddy, revealing to his

new "screw" – "roaming the globe in search of nothing more than food and kicks" as he described it in "Medium Bars" his sequel to "Kitchen Confidential" – as some giant, hilarious con: "This couldn't last, I thought. It was surely a fluke."

And yet it did last: He descamped definitively from the kitchen to the dining room. He overcame his bondage of labor to pursue his passion. Yes, that passion was still "a jail" in the strict sense, but it had none of the drudgery of work as most people experience it.

Around the turn of the century, just as "Kitchen Confidential" was hitting the shelves, the mantle chef became an archetype of rugged masculinity, and the television spectacle of white-skinned virtuoses casting the flames to their cramped and unforgiving kitchens conveyed a faintly reassuring sense that America's anti-rage – in gift for production – was not completely extinguished. Bourdain was part of this "leader" turn in culture, but he also spoke to a widespread anxiety over deindustrialization and the broader direction of economic life. He was a celebrity cook first, and then became a celebrity carer – a textbook reekeling for the nervous and knowledge economy. In an era of man-hyouth and collective worry that America was not making things anymore, Bourdain offered a kind of solution. Actually, he showed us, you don't need to make anything. You can just eat.

But eating alone, would not have been enough to connect the legend. What material is not that Bourdain gave up the kind of one to embrace a life of pleasure, but how he did it: He consumed with stick, dries, a series of discriminative between good and bad, worthy and unworthy. More than a simple virtue of opportunity and education, Bourdain wished the power of criticism; he had more. For a variety at sea, Bourdain offered, it only is our imagination, a kind of rescuing wisdom: not lo-

No longer simply a mourned chef, writer and ban rovert, Bourdain has become an ideology.

cut, he open to a world where you may not agree with the person next to you, get the crown cause. There was empathy in these words, but they were delivered with a reassuring masculine swagger, a tanner and a stark, Bourdain married aesthetics to ethics in a way that low in popular culture had managed because of the existing language that came to the full it all, it seemed at least, while re-specting the highest calling of the consumer economy: He enjoyed himself.

Bourdain was, in many ways, the first food influencer of the digital age, and even spectrally he still wants the authority of primacy. The power of his symbolic transition has only increases in the years since his death: Across Instagram and TikTok, the committed user is now a "creator," and the collapse in the distinction between consumption and production is complete. Eating has become work. There are little Bourdains everywhere.

Of course, that's part of the problem. Like everything else, Bourdain's vision of the good life has now been swallowed by the thirties scroll. To succumb to the scroll is, paradoxically, the opposite of what the man himself preached: It's working, riskin, unbeloved. The internet's sadness feed of Bourdainsan ephemera and punziche to pure kitsch – in some cases, even, pure laboratory.

Even if anyone else the high prime of adventure has been reduced to another figure in our players, that his gospel of taste is far more as mere ship in the trough of either, that the showcrowns and riches personality and largely absent from the cult he squeezed? Probably not. Like all baths, the religion of Bourdain is about better than their stuff; the disbelief, the hypocritical and the confused are all of the flats. Eating, in the world Tony helped create, is not just work; it's also a form of hope. Get the crown cause.

Lettuce scare gives green light to locally grown greens

SALAD, FROM PAGE 7

The distrust among consumers of Big Lettuce has been good business for smaller, local producers – even newer businesses like John Warner's 320 Greens, which uses hydroponics, or solid-borne tobacco to raise unusual nutrients of lettuce, like Muir and Tropicana. Mr. Warner does all of this out of a 1,200-square-foot (10-square-meter) greenhouse stock backyard.

"Wondering, it will roughly 90 percent of my lettuce and some herbs, like cilantro, in about four hours" at two farmers, students in Barnes, Aris, he said, but "last weekend, I had a continuous box and sold out in 90 minutes."

Mr. Warner quit his job as a manager for a commercial laundry equipment division, rather than two years ago. Last week, he was putting the finishing teacher on a new greenhouse, and he hopes to start selling lettuce to local consumers in a few weeks.

The farmer planning it for a while, then, all of the sudden, the outbreak happened? Mr. Warner said, "I wish I had improved with levels up!"

Some companies, trying to distance themselves from traditional lettuce production used by Taylor Farms and other big growers, are reaching out to con-

sumers; to ease their concerns. Little Leaf Farms, whose built grown air grown in two indoor greenhouses on the East Coast, now aims at its packaging greens at big retailers dip in mid-July as the traditional cases of cyclospens grew, said Paul Selbre, its founder and chief executive.

In the company took re-social media, posting pictures of its controlled facilities and noting that it had more food as outbreak of cyclospens.

"There was a lack of clarity and the public is rightly concerned," Mr. Selbre said. "It was time to hit the market, and that our lettuce is grown differently and there is no way we could be improved by this type of pathogen."

The public outreach helped, and sales rebounded by law last month, he said.

Tami Purche, the founder of Triangle United Growers, an organization of local produce, food and dairy farmers in North Carolina, told more consumers had been asking about the organization's growing practices and its food safety procedures. But has been holding these calls, and sales at local farmers' markets for the growers' group rose 20 percent last month while subscriptions for its delivered beans of produce were up 20 percent, she said.

The big question remaining for local growers seeing big demand for their produce is whether consumers will stick around after the cyclospens are outbreak holes.

"We're not going to keep everybody – some people will go back to price habits," Mr. Selbre said, noting that the consumer was getting ready to open a site in Tennessee, to third in the United States. But, he said, the company will benefit from having consumers try the brand and "looking for alternatives for product that is not going to get them sick."

There are already discussions at Oliver's Produce about camping up the planting of lettuce next year, Ms. Oliver said.

"She said the thought purchasing habits would change long term because of the cyclospens outbreak. She said that when the pandemic began in 2020 and consumers were scared to go to grocery stores, sales at the produce market doubled and held in the near low years.

"Obviously, the grocery store is more convenient than us," Ms. Oliver said. "But we hope that their consumers are how much better quality they get from the lettuce they bought from us, they'll feel it is worth it to go out of their way and shop here."

A farmers market in New York. The big question is whether consumers will stick around after the cyclospentans outbreak holes.

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MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026 | 9

Opinion

The vertigo theory of Trump 2.0

What it means not to share a consensus political time.

Ivan Krastev John Guida

What is it about American and global politics that feels on destabilizing 'right now'? Perhaps this is what it feels like to live through revolutionary times. That is what Ivan Krastev, a political theorist who loved through a past-conscious revolution in his home country, Bulgaria, has been thinking. He has been reflecting on European and American politics and how we ended up here. He tried to make sense of this moment in politics in a written conversation with John Guida, an editor in Times Opinion. It has been edited for length and clarity.

JOHN GUIDA: You were asked recently how you feel the world — not understand it, but feel it — and you said, 'We very much like a vertigo.' How so?

MANHATTIN: The great Czech-French writer Philip Ramirez has observed that vertigo is 'something other than the fear of falling' — 'it is the desire to fall, against which, terrified, we defend ourselves.' This is what I feel when we talk about political time in both Europe and America. Politics has become very fast. It reminds me of the early 1990s in Eastern Europe. On Friday you cannot believe what you were thinking on Monday. The speed of change is mind-blowing, it feels you are living in revolutionary time — but if this is a revolution, it is a revolution without a project.

Normally revolutions are obscured with the future, while one of the distinctive characteristics of our time is the negation of the future as something we are ready to make sacrifices for. In the Cold War, America and the Soviet Union had very different visions of the future, but they shared political time. But anymore, President Trump shrinks time, thinking in terms of weeks, President Vladimir Putin extends it, thinking in terms of centuries.

There is a joke that before Putin invaded Ukraine the people he consulted were Peter the Great, Catherine the Great and Ivan the Terrible. On the other hand, Trump will quickly reverse a decision for just made — it is a stream of constant cheering at the cost of making an actual decision. So in Europe, we have a war in Ukraine that is now longer than World War I, while in Iran, you need to check the news every hour to know if the war has stopped or restarted.

GUIDA: What do you think explains Trump's capacity to avoid the grip of political time? You've described a Trump 'time case'.

HIMATIN: In the first year of his return to the White House, Trump's political speed helped him to take the initiative. He was doing things so fast that he left others living in a state of total disorientation. But now — and this is very clear in the case of war with Iran — Trump has become the victim of his own time zone. It's almost as if he can take two contradictory positions at the same time — a quantum revolution in politics. But the magic of his words is starting to fade away.

The constant reversal of position results in political imposition. The markets, but also Trump's allies and his enemies, started to dismiss what the president is saying. Political time is reduced to a moment without history or future. Trump does not wait for others to name buildings after him; he does this himself, and this creates some sense of apocalyptic time.

GUIDA: Do you think that narrowing of time has affected the posture of the United States? America has traditionally been seen as a country leading the way into or certainly open in the future. Now we are sure in ways that call back to the past: on the one side, MACA, on the other, socialism. What happens in the future?

HIMATIN: The future has vanished. The only future we talk about are different dystopian scenarios involving climate, demography, artificial intelligence, and the appearance of the future is a major contrast with America's history and America's self-understanding.

America first defined itself to opposition to old aristocratic Europe: it was the New World, setting itself apart in categories like tolerance and freedom. So, too, the past is defined itself in opposition to the Soviet Union, and because the Soviet project was obsessed with the future, the American project was also universities and very much those educated. Now America, or at least MACA, wants to replace the future with the past. Europeans have done it before, but America is not a European nation-written, so going back to the global political net easy.

GUIDA: You have noted that you look around and see a lot of people — not just in the United States, I assume you think this is true of Europe as well — who are defending something they are afraid of losing. The future, as you said, 'becomes something on fear.' Is this attitude an aberration, or a new

normal that is being revealed to us and that we better get used to, if there is any getting used to it?

HIMATIN: Shared fear of the future cannot bring the world together, because there is one thing that is more terrifying than that we all will die, and that is that some will die and others will be immortal. It is interesting to compare student projects in the 1940s to today's. We will be shocked to real-

fascism or Communism, today the only future America can imagine for itself is to become a Communist country, if you take the right, or to become a fascist dictatorship, if you talk to the left.

Manshan, if we use the terminology of the 20th century, is a moderate social-democrat. He is inspirational rather than visionary. He supports redistributive policies on taxation, for example, but not to rationalize the

born Austrian, German or Swedish residents is higher than the percentage of nonnative-born residents in the United States, as integration of foreign-born citizens is central for European politics. This is what we call Americanization of European politics.

The problem is Europe is that suddenly nobody feels at home, neither migrants coming in nor the voters of the far right who would like to travel

GUIDA: In part of the problem an issue with naturalistic governing units? In the Cold War, it was a world of blocs. In the post-Cold War, it was a globalized economy. Now we are in between global networks, which are often stressed or being denudated, and retroists to hard borders in response to China shock (c) and migration (among other things). Now important is the reinh-

FLYING HIMATIN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

ter that back then, young people protested because they did not want to live the lives of their parents; they wanted better lives. Today they present because they fear — and for good reasons — that they will have lives worse than those of their parents. They demand to have something like the same quality of life that their parents did.

'Today in Western democratic politics what we see is a lot of hysteria but not radical visions for the future. Now what people care about is punishing those whom they blame for the last future.'

Nostalgia has become the popular form of dreaming about the future. One of the neglected aspects of the current demographic crisis is that young people are among the angivest minorities in Western societies — they do not have the numbers to win elections, and they do not have the resources to achieve their aspirations.

GUIDA: In Democratic Party primaries this past year, we have had a group on the progressive left, the Democratic Socialists of America — Zelene Manshan of New York City is perhaps the best-known member — winning elections and highlighting some of the issues you refer to here. The demographic crisis has plagued Europe as well as America. Do you think America is still exceptional? Or has it become exceptionally dysfunctional?

HIMATIN: While yesterday America's exceptionalism was defined by 'it never happened here,' with 'it' being

means of production nor to remain society. He is radical, in some ways, but he would not qualify as Leon Trotsky's nephew. The paradox of the terms of 'socialism' and 'fascism' is that most of the people who use them — either to identify with them or to attack their opponent — are using them as a shortcut for signaling radicalism. The truth is that both America and Europe are potentially polarized but in the absence of real radical goals.

Both Communist and fascist nations were pedagogical dictatorships. They were built by co-oxiders who had lived for years with violence. They wanted to build a new society and a new man. Today in Western democratic politics what we see is a lot of hysteria but not radical visions for the future. Now what people care about is punishing those whom they blame for the last future.

When people do not believe in the future, destruction and self-destruction are the same thing. It reminds me of a man! In the 1990s, during the civil war in Somalia, armed gangs would stop living machines and other hospital equipment, knowing perfectly well that if they themselves were wounded, they would not have the benefit of these tools to get treated. Proud from a vision for better future, radicalism has a suicidal face.

GUIDA: How have American politics become Europeanized? And how have European politics become Americanized?

HIMATIN: Framing the choices of American politics as a choice between socialism and fascism in Europeanization, in the same time, migration is becoming the center of European politics. The percentage of nonnative-

back in time to an imagined, more appealing past.

GUIDA: We've now seen several variations of anti-establishment or anti-system parties, in Europe and the United States. Have any developed effective ways of governing or producing answers to the problems or challenges of our day (for instance, the development of A.I., inequality, inflation, the sense of unfairness, affordability, issues around social order)?

HIMATIN: Anti-system parties have learned to win elections, but for the moment they are failing to demonstrate any workable governing model. The dramatic defeat of Viktor Orban in Hungary is the most powerful demonstration of this. He was the model. And people decisively turned against his rule.

But politically 2027 will be a long year in Europe. It will start with the regional elections in eastern Germany. His autumn this can topple the current German government. They will continue with elections in France, Italy, Poland and Spain. It will be a long and cruel year.

What we see is not simply the rise of the far right but the fragmentation of the far right and the emergence of new, more radical projects. This is true in Poland and Italy. We do not know how Europe will look in 2026. We see a similar trend to the United States. The anti-establishment sentiment is strong on both the right and left, but when it cannot be governed by an act clear what the alternatives are. In a way, the revolutionary sentiment is present, but this is the revolution of the passengers who have pulled the emergency brakes, a panjapترین Walter Benjamin.

lishment of a redelined, even global order to the politics of these various nations?

HIMATIN: We are living in a world very different from the world of the Cold War. Probably our very idea of governance will change. Some of the changes we witness are really radical. Imagine for a moment that some of our most fundamental assumptions have been challenged. We disagree on many things, but we have tended to believe that the future will be better than today and that individuals are mortals but nations are immortal, and we continue living through our children, our sacrifices for the nation, our books.

Now some individuals — particularly in Silicon Valley, but also including people like Putin — are starting to genuinely hope that they will not do, some nations are starting to genuinely believe that they will die, and many young people for different reasons have decided not to have children. This political world cannot be understood or explained in the language of the 20th century. This is why neither awakening the utopian energies nor simply debunking institutions will be enough to deal with the current crisis.

This is where this sense of vertigo comes from. In politics vertigo is when you see the above, but you are not sure. Is this the past or the future?

Ivan HIMATIN: A chairman of the Center for Liberal Strategies in Sofia, Bulgaria, a permanent fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences in Vienna and a Financial Times contributing editor. JOHN GUIDA: is an editor in Times Opinion.

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10 | MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026

OPINION

The New York Times

A.S. SALBERGER Publisher

JOSEPH KAHN Executive Editor

MARC LADD Managing Editor

JOSHUA P. KAHN Managing Editor

SUSANNE SMITH Associate Editor

BERNETH HURST LIPTON Chief Executive Officer

MICHAEL J. BERNSTEIN Chief Executive Officer

MELINDA FRANKS Executive Officer

SUSANNE THORNE Executive Chief Executive Officer

At the Fed, Kevin Warsh's silence speaks volumes

Gabriel Chodorow-Reich

Kevin Warsh, the new chairman of the Federal Reserve, has made clear that he remains in the family for very necessary policy works. After five years of influence running above the Fed's target rate of 2 percent and sustained criticism of the institutions in the president who appointed him, that purpose has some logic. Why then have the neutral markers received with seeming skepticism, and why not the prospects for success?

In a little more than two months in 2025, Mr. Warsh has focused on how the Fed communicates and the desire to modernize both the data infrastructure in which the Fed does and how market uses to interpret these data. On communication, Mr. Warsh's vice of relations silence rests on a integrated mechanism and should not learn. So they and mark the meetings that make it a step ready to view of the latest economic research. However, the success of the chairmanship may shape the future of the Fed as far-received little attention and sits outside the traditional per-tree of economy policy: the nation's ongoing fiscal deficits.

The Fed's communications, Mr. Warsh has taken to the nuance that markets should "play the ball, not the referee." In this open's metaphor, the ball represents economic

fundamentals such as property for economic growth or inflation, while the referee is the Fed. The implication is that the Fed should remain open about its intentions, facing markets to pay

attention to fundamentals. The problem with this metaphor is that when it comes to economic rates, the fundamentals are the Fed.

This statement is obviously true for the overnight interest rate that the Fed directly controls. But insidious term rates are largely just avenging of empirical short-term rates. To one why, consider setting aside $100 for one year. This can be done by buying a Treasury bill or a certificate of deposit when a maturity of one year. After maturity, an investor can buy a Treasury bill with a maturity of 28 days, running interest at the Fed's target rate. One investor (he payed in maturity in another 28-day bill, and in 60 to 10 more times, $800) at a single rate is $100 today into a larger rate to one year. Making the interest rate at the one-year Treasury bill to the average of approximately 28-day bill rates over the year. In addition, if the market fears future inflation, longer-term rates will group immediately to compensate in venom for the risk that the past having power off their $100 spending could fall.

No wonder then that traders in Treasury bills and banks focus closely on unproved Fed policy. But this doesn't mean that other parts of the financial system also pay undue attention to the Fed. For example, recent swings in the stock market mostly reflect changing views on A.1. and concerns about the closing of the firm at 50 times. In the bankmarket, however, Mr. Warsh's unwillingness to discuss future rates leaves prospective holders of longer-term bonds to wonder whether the Fed really will act if required to bring inflation down.

No one makes explain the rise in longer-term yields during Mr. Warsh's new conference last week, after the decision to leave short-term rates unchanged. Reaching these doubts does

it's require that the Fed commit to a specific path of care, which would be unprovided given to the industry over the economy's other fundamentals. Rather, Mr. Warsh should make clear statements about what developments would be due him to favor a new change.

The Fed's communication is simply banking orthodoxy gave for beyond communication. In his first seven conference in June, he announced five task forces, each banked by instances of economics, business or finance, with topics including the Fed's data analysis and the causes of inflation. There remains may learn the most essential economists (new neglects) key issues facing monetary policy matters. In fact, the opposite is true. The task forces will successfully develop as the basic current economics research.

Consider the call for better data. Mr. Warsh correctly assess that the nation's existing data architecture could be improved. What stands today when largely unabashed and business surveys that have declining response rates, and it takes time to collect and process data.

The economic problems has also taken notice. For example, in 2023 the National Bureau of Economic Research opened the Economic Measurement Research Institute, with the objective of basing the gathering, assembling and distributing of data "to 2024 century" information technology to effectively measure the 25th century's economy." Other institutions have similar initiatives.

In practice, this means much more use of conceptual construction or courts, payroll records and other administrative data that will allow for more granular and timely analysis of the economy's trajectory. Economists at the Federal Reserve are heavily involved in this effort. It would be a very good outcome if these initiatives – and support for the resources they require – gain the powerful importance of the Fed than.

On inflation, Mr. Warsh's current in insist on a reassessment of the models used before the inflation surge. The research community has already trained to attention on several areas, including the frequency with which companies update their prices, what happens when they reach their production capacity, what drives their costs, and the role of supply chains. Other economists put more emphasis on supply shocks and expectations. An honest assessment of the past five years will find a healthy debate that remains a first unambiguous takeaway for policymakers but that also better reflects the complexity of the run-world.

A final issue not directly the subject of a Warsh task force may prove the most pivotal of his reason – the interaction of monetary policy, fiscal deficits and inflation. In the outcome view, budget deficits are the ultimate source of inflation, as any gap between spending and taxes will ultimately be filled by the printing of money for the current bank. Even if one before actual Congress will eventually address the nation's chronic deficits, the accumulated debt may constrict the Fed's mass to consider raising the fiscal cost of higher interest rates.

This conflict between monetary and fiscal policy was at the core of the last major debate over Fed's financial and other fixed War II. In addition to drawing on the latest academic research, Mr. Warsh will need all of his political talents to secure Congress's help in resisting the Fed's ultimate objectives.

GABRIEL CHODOROW-REICH is a member of the Dallas Fed Academic Advisory Council.

A top scholar's fall shows that universities don't get it

Jesse Singal

It's easy to see how Jesse Arday held an sick's University of Cambridge professorship until Wednesday despite being significant accusations of plagiarism and dishonesty for years. After all, his story fit quite nearly into certain culture war grooves.

So one side was a scholar here in working class: Immigrant parents in South Carolina (with housing who were a become the youngest Black professor in the university's 800-plus-year history). On the other way, the form of reaction, seeming to target him as part of a wide-ranging attack on tolerance and progress. It many academic circles, for

scholar's work. Mr. Arday, after receiving neither-upinquiry from Mr. Harris, responded by questioning Mr. Harris's motives and wrote that further results from him would "be considered bullying and harassment." (For The Guardian, Mr. Arday have reported Mr. Harris in the public, which didn't put her charges.) Mr. Harris then entitled the aid of the seismight Martyn Hammersley, who, according to Bernardon Watch, had a number of extractions of scientific papers, emailed the plagiarism concern to Marty Cronin, head of the faculty of education, and Mrs. Morgan, the university's head of policy, gave written integrity. According to Bernardon Watch, Mr. Morgan replied that since the paper was published before Mr. Arday's letters, "we do not consider it within our remit to investigate." Ms.

Nathan Colman published a lengthy literature past last month designing all of the plagiarism accusations into full public view.

Liverpool John Moores University's subsequent response appears to have been as thorough as the two authors. "A confidential professional was conducted in response to these allegations and Professor Arday's Ph.D. still being in Liverpool John Moores spokeswoman told me it is written statement on Monday, declining a comment further.

Mr. Colman was not an ideal measure of the government in the purported correlation between race and intellect. In a one-hour cycle, he wrote, "Blacks would disappear from almost all high-profile positions outside of sports and entertainment."

If this had all come out earlier, it might have jeopardized James A. Schuster's publication of Mr. Arday's memoir, "Great and Underwater Things," which is next week. Simon A. Schuster told The New York Times that it stands by Mr. Arday's memoir and plans to price forward with its publication, naturally. When Cambridge reversed course Wednesday, it does not underestimate about Mr. Arday's "academic qualifications and honorary appointments" – an apparent reference to recent reporting showing that Mr. Arday chaired affiliations at universities that denied any reason they to live. In light of Cambridge's years of complacency, I think the most likely explanation is that it could no longer ignore the growing PR problem represented by Mr. Arday's continuing employment.

was clearly the good guy.

Then, soon after Cambridge volun-

based from its long-standing existence that there was nothing to see here, and announced its own investigations into Mr. Arday, he swiftly responded with an announcement of his own: He would resign.

If interest in the story proves out, this would be unfortunate, because what's needed one is genuine accountability. This was a prime example of academic's marketing tendency to embody the worst caricatures pathed by its critic. The available evidence strongly suggests that, when faced with the allegations against Mr. Arday years ago, Cambridge and the other academic institutions connected to him responded not by genuinely investigating them with integrity and transparency, but acting in ways that helped him avoid scrutiny. Their decisions were both wrong and far better damaged the reputation of higher education at a time when it has come under withering and numerous unfair attack.

Mr. Arday was appointed in 2021, just 27 at the time. He tells a remarkable life story. Mr. Arday says he has autism, that he was more than until he was 11 years old, and that he couldn't matter write until 18. Nonetheless he claimed impressive achievements, including raising millions of dollars for charity's investments in running 10 marathons in 20 days. At one point, he claimed that he ran 600 miles to its days.

Mr. Arday's second flagship mail sent more news another to everyone conducted as running 10 minives into views. The new version of the paper, according to

Retraction Watch, added some quotes, deleted other documents of Mr. Arday's mention of a second researcher.

There was also apparently plagiarized material in a 2020 paper Mr. Arday helped to see in Educational Philosophy and Theory, according to

Retraction Watch. The journal had responded similarly to 2015 with generously framed corrections.

By protesting a rise from plagiarism charges, a started British college has undermined its values.

The British publication Times Higher Education was preparing a lengthy investigation of Mr. Arday in 2020. Retraction Watch reported, which was to increase with the aforementioned accusations and a new one: evidence of extensive plagiarism in his 2015 Ph.D. thesis from Liverpool John Moores University. Mr. Arday then hired the prominent British debarcation firm Carter Black, which sent the outlet a threatening letter that appears to have killed the story. The scandal broke not only when the philosopher of biology

But Mr. Colman arrived on the scene because of Cambridge's complacency – he wrote the post after an anonymous Cambridge tapter reached out to him – what was hardened into the story. Professor Arday has been the victim of a vice-jupeping to undermine his credibility, which must stop "Cute bridge and its own victims immediately sent me last month, insisting the allegation against him "have been thoroughly investigated by the relevant institutions and the journals to question."

That pleasing patently included Cambridge itself. Instead, the university garnered at the aforementioned investigations, none of which appear to have been thorough, as evidence is useful. Another itself with further action, Liverpool John Moores even kept Mr. Arday's Ph.D. thesis online, with the appropriate fingerprint section intact.

Mr. Arday attributed "some errors in his early academic work to his autism", as The Times of London paraphrased his requests, "saving that his method of making sense of information relied heavily on mimicry," also blaming "inadequate super vision and support, especially given his autism." He advised some of his arguments under unerring and hard-rating claims. He has denied any deliberate wrongdoing.

An Aug. 1 (Gooding article by Laura Baker) represents the absent climax of this scandal. In Mr. Arday said a modest-tone firm around him with a knife at Cambridge. Mr. Baker reports that Cambridge recently cameras appeared on such intruders and that Mr. Arday "did not inform colleagues that a modest-tone critic study was in the faculty building."

The journalist Benjamin Ryan, announced a new novel for Orwellian efforts some of the institutions affiliated with Mr. Arday, made it equally revise or better. Some they published about him that now were to be false. They include several universities that graduated into honorary degrees, the TCM's problem program and the Simon & Schuster speakers that was that represents him.

Of course genuinely unfair right-wing attacks on academic exist. Donald Trump's campaign against F.E.I. goes beyond concerns about the right of a whole diversity program – concerns I share, in part – and well into rocket-based or rescue mosquito territory. Sometimes, though, academic can. Mr. Trump and the populist forces he represents as a convenient excuse to avoid the quality control that was so obviously absent here.

They more closely met peers in knowledge that higher will view hands aren'tvarphiinfty. A Yale University report published in April said "declining trust" in higher education "must be addressed," and acknowledging that "those of us in higher education have too often resisted calls to critically examine our own institutions, preferring us, and make it the right."

In this case, perhaps what should be critically examined is how academic treats its more – especially those who come to a syndicate important one – alone or social justice movements that bolster the reputation of their home universities.

In 2023, The Times of London paraphrased comments from the board of Mr. Arday's academic department, writing that his hiring "was proof of the security in commitment to tackling existing inequalities." "It only students or prospective colleagues who are wondering if a technology is a place where they can belong, the answer is, explainably, not," he told the paper.

If Mr. Arday isn't just a scholar, but a symbol of his university's commitment to social justice, perhaps that made it more difficult for Cambridge to examine the issues of the current relationship by several damaging years, the fall investigation Mr. Arday's case as obviously warranted.

What thinks it a host of the podcast "Blocked and Repeated" and writes the newsletter Singal: Melinda. He is working on a book about American youth gender reactions.

REICH, Richard M. (1994). Beijing: European, Global, Translational, Cartographic, Hong Kong, International, Scientific, Administrative, Social, Cultural, Cultural, London, Madrid, Milan, Nigeria, Japan, Russia, Spain, Spain, Tel Aviv, Tokyo.

JOSE, Peter (1994). The New York Times. 2020. Washington, D.C.: 1-8. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/10/arts/1994/1/8.html

REICH, Richard M. (1994). The New York Times. 2020. Washington, D.C.: 1-8. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/10/arts/1994/1/8.html

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MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026 | 11

OPINION

Why a Broadway show can fill seats and still close

Naveen Kumar

"Can: The Jellie Ball" is — or, now, was — like nothing else on Broadway—tolerant and Black and queer and a lot of fun. It is four-month run, the production had no trouble filling seats! Capacity rarely dipped below 90 percent. The managers clocked yellow "Jellie's" branded hand fans, purchased at the month table, as a rotating center of celebrity guest judges, including Angela Bassett and Anna Winters, provided over the counter for use of the titular strays to be others.

But there just weren't enough ticket buyers who were willing (or, possibly, able) to pay full price. It closes this weekend.

That's a shame. The show, which reimagines Andrew Lloyd Webber's fellow fanatics as a ballroom competition and features a catchy number about shoplifting.

"Can: The Jellie Ball" was a success, despite its short run. feels subversive, especially in a season when top honors at the Tony Awards went to more conventional fare. like "Schatz gathers", a parody

of Golden Age musicals adapted from a TV series, and "fragitism," a broad strokes trinkling of early 20th-century American history. As Betty Buckley, the original Grindells from the original "Cats" wrote in April, "Broadway grows and stays relevant when it listens to the culture outside."

Following the news that "Jellie's Ball" would close, Mr. Lloyd Webber lamented on hologram that bringing a show to Broadway makes "praxis" (calls no financial sense.) "He begged theater owners, miners and producers to come together to address this danger crisis. He's not wrong. The current conditions are untenable, and all of the parties he mentions need to consider what concessions they're willing to make. When a show is struggling, wealthy creatives could choose to waive their own royalties — as Mr. Lloyd Webber, who is also a theater owner in Britain, did in this case. But it wasn't enough.

When Broadway stopped, after the pandemic shutdowns, there has been a shift from free out of five new

shows failing to recoup their initial investments to nine out of 10. It has been an especially difficult change for musicals, which cost more to produce and run. "Jellie's Ball" was capitalized at a relatively modest $2 million, when as much as $30 million or more is not unusual for a musical. It still couldn't find its legs. Rising costs have led to a number of days in recent months — including "Canny Faye" and "The Queen of Versailles."

Lastly, many American producers are opting to mount new material in London, where they can't be labor and rent, as well as more generous government support, make balance sheets, less persuasion. (Their York State affected $100 million in May to extend a tax credit program that benefits the processing arts, though it's still less generous than similar support in Britain.) Producers also point to the labyrinth of union rules governing Broadway, including minimums for the number of workers and hours required to perform tasks that could be done with lower people, a paid point that unions need to be willing to organize. It's also true that the West End pays less than Broadway minimums.

There are countless reasons behind the demise of any Broad-

way show, such of which is essentially a start-up business taking its chances in a volatile market. There is no drop in the sky reducing costs — including global issues like tariffs and gas prices, and industry-specific ones like

labor and technology — are squeezing profit margins more thin. A weekly gross close to $1 million used to be a benchmark for success. "Jellie's Ball" cost nearly $1 million to run per week, meaning it needed to earn that much

ever seven days just to break even. As high as Broadway ticket prices may be (around $200 each in average for a musical), less office receipts struggle to keep up with production costs. Mr. Lloyd Webber is correct that

Broadway is in a tight spot, but an anyone accustomed to the losing odds of producing on Broadway will tell you, there are meaningful measures of success beyond making a profit. A show can have cultural impact just

because it was staged. "Jellie's Ball," which premiered Off Broadway in 2024 at the Perelman Performing Arts Centre, gave 17 of its 26 cast members their Broadway debate. Many of those involved are Black, Latino and trans artists rarely granted mainstream opportunities. The common designer Qwenx hear because the first openly transgender person to win a Tony Award. The directors, Zhadice Livingstone and Bill Rasch, and the choreographer, Omari Wiles and Arturo Lyons, also took home Tonys for their intrepid work.

Addict De Shields, who was nominated for a Tony for his performance, has suggested that "hate and intolerance" are to blame for the show's curtailed run. A representative for the show said it show a notably dr. Verne Guttman, including many who are most likely not Broadway regulars. Expanding the theater audience is a good thing, but Broadway, in the end, is in the business of selling full-price tickets, which means it has to draw a crowd that can afford them, including mentors and other banks. Despite the show's great press, it didn't draw enough of them. Producers and theater owners may point to "Jellie's Ball" as an excuse to play it safe. They shouldn't — and the success of the original "Cats" is one of the strongest arguments.

Consider what an oddball idea "Cats" was to begin with. The original production lacked many of the conventional attributes of a musical — like a real joke. But it ran for 10 years. Broadway was different then, with lower overhead costs and less competitive from other forms of media. But the necessary role of Broadway as a playground for risk-taking and innovation persists.

For what it's worth, the party isn't over yet. Atlantic Records is set to make a run exceeding this winter, and producers have reportedly expressed interest in mounting a London run and an American tour, both of which offer ways to make up for financial shortfalls on Broadway. Even as it recedes into Broadway history, "Jellie's Ball" will live on, and not just as a beautiful memory.

Neddie KIMMI is a critic and journalist. He is the associate director of the National Critics Institute.

Who is my enemy? I'm no longer sure.

BROTHER FROM PAGE 1 Blewshire is the first to left vulnerable people aptly or abandoned to their views, and it is shattered in foreign policy because it didn't expect the non-Western world to push back so hard against its plans.

But was long this crisis unfold, I find that I've lost my sense of which contains pretty a word to me is most in need of criticism or opposition, where the good guys and bad guys are. Each major has less seems potentially dangerous, tempted toward the dark side in some unique way, contested or cross-pressured to a degree that makes me uncertain where the side of the angels really lies.

Start with the populism that has risen to poorer because of the elite consensus's failures. For many conservatives who shared my critique of the Dharamra establishment, the populist other line has been the vessel for their hopes. But in Donald Trump's second-term populism has displayed most of the views that its critics anticipated. It has been corrupt and bullying and destabilizing. It has rewarded backs and crowns, itself a mantled into a Middle Eastern war with even less preparation than its establishment predecessors.

For many liberal readers, those also make populism the maximum danger, the singular emergency. But as Trumpists has faded and failed, it hasn't been validated the kind of authoritarian power anticipated by its most alarmed opponents. At the moment, Trump CP has no great popularity, no legislative capacity, no policy legacy that a Democratic successor can't easily tell back. The president himself might still be a dangerous figure, there might be darker heroes waiting in the wings — but I don't think that just five making anti-popu-

lism the measure of all things. Especially when you consider the alternatives. First, there is what remains of the center left establishment, some of whose views look less serious in light of Trumpism — self-satisfied technocrats might be preferable to self-dealing had for men — but that remains culpable for the mistakes that led to populism's rise and at sea amid change political conditions.

After 2020 we tried putting this establishment back to charge, but the Biden era just gave us a more left-wing version of meritorristic habits, replacing experts with interest groups, massing out on social liberalism and illegal immigration

I lived through the years of peak wake, and it was a McCaffeyite experience. I lived with the blue-state governance that the old situation could be said about the first Karmies experiment in Britain. There is no evidence that the old able to see a Macyrist subsidy contemporary governance, no reason to expect that it won't just cycle through the same mistakes and backlash.

But if you don't want to join the populist backlash, then the only alternative to propping up the liberal establishment is putting the West in the hands of Wakerers (A. James Piker Thought and Democratic Socialism of America energy — social progressivism with socialist charism) too.

I don't want to describe this movement as categorically worse than its establishment opponents, since sometimes the left groups things the center misses.

But I lived through the years of peak wake, and it was a McCaffeyite experi-

ence. I lived with the blue-state governance that the trisaire progressivism encouraged, and it yielded civic and educational collapse. And I would prefer not to give the far left the power to regulate and prosecute and re-rectre the federal budget.

Then, finally, all of those political heroes — the supergold populists, including a stable leader, had strong left-are displaying their views in the shadow of the artificial intelligence revolution, which is creating new zones of power in which the friend-enemy distraction is almost impossible for me to go on.

Anthropic or OpenAI? The Pentagon or the Greater Isles? The world ascenters limited or life is not wonder theaters? The China hawks or the data center skeptics? The people who think A. I. is a normal technology (and thus might underestimate its dangerous or the people who think they've making a machine god (and thus might end up in its thrall)?

Again and again, the choice of which side to favor and which side to fear depends on unknown things about how far and how fast the technology will move. And unknown things about how a given world over might interact with these changes and the temptations they create. And unknown things about how existing political factions align them, selves for and against different perspectives on it.

Which makes this a very important time for the kind of journalism that asks a lot of questions before it leaps to opinionated claims.

For the past two years, I've been fortunate that The Times has let me pursue that kind of questioning as a podcast host. And this month, I accepted a position with CBS News's '60 Minutes," where the asking of questions will be central to my professional work.

That means that this is my last column for The Times. In this column at least. Once I would have imagined a videolotary essay offering some stirring brief for religious conservatism, some last heap into the territory where I was most likely to be in disagreement with my readers. But I don't think that quite fits the moment.

I think, I'll improve! — along with insatiable gratitude to The Times itself, my colleagues and editors — a hope that I have contributed libertarian. I hope my writing has added something to your understanding of America's complexity, the world's uncertain future and the strangeness of our times.

I hope that I make that kind of contribution at '60 Minutes." I hope The Times can continue to illustrate the world as only a great newspaper can. And wherever I'm working and what ever you're reading, we'll all be going into the future together — and trusting, like many Americans believe in, that there's an angel giving directions somewhere in the storm.

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---

12 | MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2026

Sports

Never a losing season, but still the pressure is on

FROM THE MAGAZINE

Brian Cashman has led the Yankees to four titles. The fans expect more.

BY BRUCE SCHNEINFELD

Brian Cashman was a summer intern with the New York Yankees in the mid-1980s when an assistant in the general manager's office approached him with an assignment. George Steinbrenner wanted a feature.

"The first would someone to drive, and you get the short scrum," Cashman says the assistant told him.

Everyone knew that Steinbrenner, who owned the Yankees from 1973 until the death in 1996, was joined to sudden fire at nigs, justified or otherwise.

"You're going to want to get him out of the car as quickly as possible," the assistant said.

His suggested a shortcut, crossing the Harlem River from the Bronx to Manhattan on the Willis Avenue Bridge.

"And there's no Way," Cashman reminded me. "There's no cellphones. There's none of that stuff."

It didn't go well.

"I told him, 'This was to listen,'" Cashman said, but the bridge was closed for reservations. "And he starts going ballistic. You offing idist. Take me back to the offing stadium. He's crushing me from the back seat I mean, my hair was blowing forward because of his laddering from the back. It was sometime, because that's how he was. If somebody told me the same story and said they crawled up into the fetal position, I could understand it."

Cashman didn't panic. He tightened his hands on the covering wheel, turned the car around and found another room into Manhattan. He kept driving, even after Steinbrenner's barrage escalated when the car hit a pachok on Franklin D. Roosevelt Drive.

"I turned him on," Cashman said. Cashman still refers to the drive as "the worst experience of my life."

The Steinbrenner never mentioned it again.

"It was like a scramble," said Cashman, who spent a decade of his youth in Lansingham, Ky., where actual tornadoes sawwhere whipped through. "The sun would come out, and it was back in normal. Same with the lines. So long as you were still employed, he turned the page. It was as if it never happened."

It proved to be an object lesson in dealing with Steinbrenner and, eventually, running the Yankees.

Cashman has been the Yankees' general manager since 1996. His 18 years with one team in the longest active tenure of any G.M. in any major sports league in North America — and the league by 16 years in Major League Baseball. By now, he ranks as the most accomplished executive to run any team's baseball operations since the league league selling over franchise in 1983. His teams have played in seven World Series and won four, and they're never had a losing record.

"Which is miraculous, really" said Dave Dundrevoch, the Philadelphia Phillies' president of baseball operations, who has built contenders in five Major League Baseball markets. "You always figure there's going to be a down year, when you just collapse so a team."

Even more astonishing, Cashman's Yankees have played more than 4,500 games on his work and have been out of playoff operations he put 22 of them, almost completely avoiding those meaningless hopsophers that every other team gave through regularly.

For the Yankees, though, that isn't good enough. Most ballparks and arenas commemorate all their team's titles, division and league includes both flags or other signage. A Yankee Stadium, only the franchise's 27 championship are recognized. The teamboard's ballpark is almost all the same, where Steinbrenner died and his children inherited it. That helps explain why a June poll takes on one fan site, Pheasanton Alley, revealed that by a margin of 8 percent to 9 percent, fans said they disappeared of Cashman, where contract expires after this season.

Cashman won't discuss his contract, but he seems to want to keep his job.

The first time he was in and after Sabena, who won three World Series as the San Francisco Giants' general manager and now is an advisor to Cashman. "He has the ability to erase the past and the team's success."

Yet Cashman told me that his dominant contract after a Yankee was a relief that was not possible.

"And the lesson are crushing," he said. "It's a heavy burden, with the repertoire that you're expected to win. I feel the pain more than I feel the joy."

"It controls you, we doubt about it," he said. "I'm not a cyclist or a scrumme, but you, how deep, it affects your way of life."

For much of the 10th century, Yankees have had rearmed to agree that their team was not a good one. The team's year, or at least play in it. The team celebrated, three championships in the 1920s, over in the 1930s, four in the 1940s and every American League pennant

but two from 1949 to 1964.

Clockwise from above: Brian Cashman with the Yankees in 2024 after defending Cleveland to advance to the World Series; Cashman and Randy Lipton, the Yankees' president, in Japan in 2010 to show off the 2009 World Series roughy on the US & USA in Tokyo; George Steinbrenner in 1990; and Bill Steinbrenner, 36, and Cashman introducing some features to the team's manager in December 2017.

but two from 1949 to 1964.

"Over the years, many of their followers have come to watch them with the mobility, the smaginess and the arrogance of holders of large blocks of blue-chip stocks," Roger Angell wrote of the Yankees in The New Yorker in 1972. "These fans accept no less than perfection."

More than half a century later, Cashman knows this remains true.

"New York will keep you motivated," he told me. "New York will keep you honest. New York will have you to be committed. You can't cut corners in New York. You can't take a day off in New York. You can't sometimes breathe in New York."

ANGELS MESSIPTON of the Yankees appeared a year before Steinbrenner and a group of investors caught the team from CIO for 100 million. Four years later, they won the first of back to back World Series. They wouldn't win another one for 10 seasons, the longest each brought since their first championships, in 2023.

To keep the Yankees relevant, Steinbrenner brought back Billy Martin, the manager who won the 1977 World Series, fired him, hired him again, fired him again, hired him again... Two round trips in all in the 1970s and '80s. He pushed his roster with all stars. The second addition — Dave Winfield, Don Baylor, Rickey Henderson — makes it well into the existing contracts of the senior, but they made his team impossible to ignore it.

"He commanded the universe of baseball to say, 'Yes I'm get to pay attention to the Yankees' at all times," Cashman said. "I mean, who else could take the Yankees, with all their history and championships, and build on them and somehow improve them and magnify them as a community?"

But the price of Steinbrenner's extraordinary efforts is one that Cashman continues to pay.

"If there are 10 million Yankee fans in the storm area, that mentality has created 10 million George Steinbrenner who are now having the tickets and calling the talk shows," he said. "He created an atmosphere of repertoire and demand the waterproof the environment to a level of need, desire, expectation that it impossible to meet."

In 2023, for the 10 time in seven years, and only the fifth time during Cashman's tenure, the Yankees didn't make the playoffs. They didn't come particularly close, winning out by seven games, but still managed a winning record.

"But you'd think we lost 100 games; he said, 'I mean, it was ugly and terrible.'"

Nevertheless, Cashman keeps efforts of the team's new senators in the wall of his office.

"I wouldn't be here without him," he told the daring one of our meetings before.

His parents, John and Nancy, know Steinbrenner from the home-crazy business. In 1984, Cashman was a fresh man playing second-hand at Cobb University in Washington. He had for interests outside of baseball.

"Other kids would go to the beach in the summer," Nancy Cashman told me.

"Brian just wanted to go to the ballpark."

"When he ran out of money on his team's spring break trip to Florida, his father, whose Kentucky-based company owned the Pompano Park racetrack, said him to meet up with an executive there who would give him what he needed. The executive, who happened to be wearing a Yankees' championship ring, said that Steinbrenner, who kept her on them, was a dead friend. That led to a summer internship with the Yankees.

From then on, Cashman's interactions with Steinbrenner were much the same as everyone else's. He secured that out came worth when he made a contract and occasionally when he didn't.

"Cashman was always the second rubble," the longtime agent Scott Morse told me. "I mean, George would re-take my goal."

And when Steinbrenner wasn't yelling, he was often disbelief.

"It was definitely a handle work environment," Cashman said now, yet he was able to thrive. "It was normal to me."

Cashman attracts surprisingly little attention in a crowd. He looks into the a former athlete or a businessman than the manager of an electronics store. He could be someone you know in high school.

"In different circumstances," said Russell Martin, a former catcher who played with the Yankees in 2011 and

2012, "he could be one of my boys. Like, we could be friends."

There was do approach Cashman to public rarely seen intimidated. In March, we were sitting behind the first-base dugout in Port St. Lucia, Fla., watching the Yankees play the 90ets, when a middle-aged man wearing a Yankees cap came down the aisle and handed Cashman a dollar bill. Written on it were six trades the man wanted Cashman to make.

"He's the most honest baseball executive I've ever encountered."

"Think about them," the man said before disappearing back into the crowd.

Cashman glanced at it for a moment, then handed the dollar to someone nearby. Over the winter, he had re-signed Cody Bollinger, a former most valuable player whose contract had expired, in a new five-year deal and traded for the pitcher Ryan Weathers, lost that was already.

And by the start of August, he hadn't made any of the trades proposed on the dollar bill, nor any others, despite about a every conceivable media, under his the Yankees. Yet all like the Yankees, it's one for I spoke with put it, "and just go get somebody?"

Cashman prides himself on his transparency.

"He's the most honest baseball executive I've ever encountered," said Derek Shelton, the Minnesota Twins' manager who worked in the Yankees organization in the early 2000s.

Billy Beane, the former general manager and executive vice president of the Oakland Athletics, calls him "a trade-ship — he's like that privately, and he's like that publicly. And he can be brutally honest."

But although he'll respond to questions with admirable candor, the answers often aren't what fans want to hear from. In 2009, the team's right holder and baseball's best times, has diagnosed with a fractured rib to early June. Cashman admitted that Judge had been hurt six weeks earlier and already in the organization had realized it. Because Judge was likely to be out for several months, a reporter wondered if Cashman would seek a replacement. His response — that someone already on the team would need to start — seemed frustratingly consistent with how he has run the team since the first-breaking team. He's a good man.

Steinbrenner's son Sid, who is now the Yankees' managing general partner, doesn't interfere with Cashman the way his father did, some of Steinbrenner's work would have been made without the general manager's knowledge, much less his consent. But a system of increasingly sorrows turns new penalties may be bogus means for player payrolls that

exceed specific levels, and Hal's appetite for handling out record-setting contracts isn't nearly as robust as his father's was.

These days, the default destinations for the top five agent each winter is no longer the Yankees but the Los Angeles Dodgers. That may help explain the animosity toward Cashman.

SOME GENERAL MANAGERS are former players who get in themselves on tumor evaluation. Others present themselves as dead makers. A few never played beyond high school (or even as far as that) and let analytics guide them. Cashman doesn't project to be an expert in any of these areas — or in anything at all, or silly.

"But not the smartest knife in the drawer," he told me once.

"When I ask baseball insiders what makes him so successful, I get no consensus.

What he believes he does well is attract talented employees and give them reason to say. When Cashman walks through the Yankee-Sanitans' officers, nearly everyone he sees is someone he hired, or someone who was hired by someone he hired.

Cashman also cites his creeping ground, boastership all these years under Steinbrenner, that the Yankees will fall behind and he'll be blamed. He says he can't shake the feeling that some racist somewhere — is baseball, or maybe in another professional sport, or at a college, or even at some other type of business — is doing something the Yankees should be doing.

While Steinbrenner tried to keep the team competitive by signing a question, Cashman has done it by finding multiple ways for it to be a little smartest, in the process creating the same kind of incremental advantages that helped los-budget rivals like the Yankee Bay Rays and other Milwaukee Brewers and Beane's it's accumulate division titles over the years. But these teams, his distractions point out, haven't won the World Series either.

"New York will keep you motivated. New York will keep you honest. New York will force you to be committed."

In the world with a today's injury, it became evident that none of the other Yankees were compensating for the loss of their star schedules. After Judge left the lineup, the Yankees were hitting 232 on a team as of Aug. 4, the lowest average in the league, and had fallen into second place in their division, behind Tampa Bay, and in last July, nor went before the trade deadline. Bellinger, who was second on the team behind first Rice in hits and runs behind in, hurt a ham-spring. He was placed on the injured list with the expectation that he would be out for at least a month.

At that work progressed, the Yankees were expected to be inquiring about many of baseball's best history, super-interests, and the Boston Astros' Yankee Alvarez and the Kansas City Royals Bobby Witt, On Aug. 5, the day before the deadline, the team held four positions to the Washington Nationals for an infielder, Luis Garcia Jr. Perhaps because of the gaudy names that supposedly had been in play, reaction was moved, even though a man was leading the National League in stinging at the time.

If the Yankees don't catch Tampa Bay, a team that's not the Yankees will win the American League East for the 10s, then the last 14 seasons he approached ran. That alone, some fans believe, is reason enough for that framework to get another general manager. As usual, too, most have not their sights higher than the division title.

"If this team does not win the World Series," someone represented as the bridginger judge of WYAR, the Yankees flagship rode station, "they should completely fire every single person that has anything else ever done."

Cashman and I were discussing his facts when he interrupted to tell me his favorite quote, one unbelieved to the Brazilian writer Fernando Salmo.

"It will all be OK in the end," he said. "If it's not OK, it's not the end."

Cashman doesn't need some facts post to remind him that everything is out OK with the Yankees, not with 27 years of experience, and that makes the Broadway. (Even the Knicks have one held one since then.)

Depending on what happens this October, the Steinbrenner could decide that it would be.

"It's like the weather," Cashman told me it early August. "I can't control the season. I don't care about it."

If it happens, baseball historians will glorify the string of winning seasons and the four World Series rings. But Yankees fans will doubtless remember the first time when the first time, and Cashman would be inclined to do the same. If the theses carry for a fifth ring something, then he should have no shortage of opportunities.

So spring as it would be to see him running the San Diego Pothro at the 10th and Marlins or even the New York Mets. It's been a good thing, and I'm not thinking of walking away from being a U.M. with no disappointing results. If the entire event had off did career. And if he isn't OK doing that, it won't be the end.

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MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2020

13

SPORTS

Pochettino is staying. He'll need to defy history.

Commentary

BY PAUL TENORIO

THE OREGON

Mauricio Pochettino is back for a second cycle as much of the U.S. men's national soccer team, but he is returning to the job with less chins and more to prove — along with the need to halt a trend that has plagued his predecessors in a similar position.

The last time we saw Pochettino, the U.S. team was hiding its wounds after cutting to home World Cup with an embarrassing 14-time in England in the round of 16. The Americans were one win away from matching a modern-era program best and resulting the quarterfinals. It was what a group referred to as a golden generation set out to do nearly eight years ago in redauging the reputation of the U.S. men's program.

But the gap between securing that one win and hiding short of that goal has proved enormous.

Pochettino was paid millions of dollars to cash in on that golden generation and bridge that gap at a home. World Cup, the set goals of "resulting the muse" and asked, "Why not six?" It didn't happen. The main absolutely captured the country's attention with wins against opponents like Paraguay, Australia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. "Side the Home, Country Roads" became an American outdoor uniform.

Ultimately, though, the U.S. men's team was exposed against a superior hit, a plot we've seen plus out many times before. There may not have been a bigger chance for this program to reshape the narrative for good. More than 50 million people tuned in to the Belgium game, only to witness the U.S. team's gaffin-bates elimination.

Now, Pochettino and his multi-million-dollar salary are back. The mandate is bigger, and progress — defined objectively by getting that breakthrough into in that sport — is expected. The next cycle is as much about building out the attractiveness and depth of the senior national team as it is about managing the trajectory of a group that will be in a more transitional form.

Christian Polkin, Weston McKenzie and Tyler Adams will be 31 at the 2020 World Cup. Antonio Bottesana will be 32. Tim Woch will be 35. There are still major question marks at goalkeeper and center back. A new generation of players must be integrated — and must happen immediately.

Pochettino can be the right coach for this program. But he has to get his decisions right over the next four years while dodging the dangers that have plagued every other second-cycle coach in team history.

Briant Arena followed a 2001 quarterfinal appearance with a winless, group-stage rule in 2006, roaking 21th out of 22 teams. Bob Bradley was fired just a year into his second tenure after

Mauricio Pochettino can be the right coach for the U.S. men's national team, but he has to avoid the pitfalls that have affected many other coaches during their second cycles.

a 6.2 loss to Mexico in a compelling 2015 Gold Cup final. Jürgen Klinsmann was fired midway through his second cycle with the United States flailing at the start of 2018 World Cup qualifying (a campaign that Arena could not ultimately salvage). Gregg Berhalter was used after the U.S. team was eliminated in the group-stage of the 2024 Copa América on home soil.

The latter three coaches, like Pochettino, had reached the World Cup's round of 16.

An why should Pochettino's second run be any different? He is different in that he did not have a full qualifying cycle with the United States after finishing. Pochettino goes into this second act with less time as the U.S. coach thus any of these predecessors had. He must turn that into an advantage.

Pochettino has at times shown a ruthlessness in his approach to player selection. His first two years were defined by his insistence that no one is guaranteed a spot on the national team

and that post performance would no dictate call-ups. He mostly stuck to that often. He will need a heavy door at that mentality in this second cycle.

It's also critical that in the two-week September-October window, which will feature four friendlies, we see Pochettino begin the transition of this national team with some new faces.

Real Salt Lake's Xavier Gunn (if healthy) and New York Red Bulls' Adri McIntosh and Julian Hall, none yet 20 years old, should all be integrated into the group. He should also consider other Olympic-eligible players like the 18-year-olds Peyron Miller (New England Revolution) and Neil Poore (Philadelphia Union). Tim Howard, a low new U.S. team goalkeeper, has called for Union midfielder Carus Sullivan, 16, to get the call next too.

Pochettino said last week that this cycle would be a chance to bring players "that maybe we didn't have time to assess during that process that was very compact and very short."

This isn't just about throwing bones to the next generation of players coming through — it's sending a message that was clear during the World Cup. The depth has to improve quickly.

On the first you get to 2020, the need these guys to have played 20, 30, 40, 50 games," the U.S. team legend Lawden Newman said on his "cigaretteers" podcast. "It can't be like your sixth game. I think Xavier Gunn, Julian Hall, I'll love to see. Get them in now."

It is easy, of course, to get caught up in the hype of players who are almost all potential. More important, however, is that Pochettino does not get caught in the trap that is often the downfall of second-cycle coaches. Inacting on his favorites so much that you are blinded to what else is out there.

It's human instinct to call on the players you trust. But Pochettino has to keep that mentality that helped pull this U.S. team out of its hard post-Copa América. He has to encourage competition. The full friendlies and Newen-

ber Nations League matches shouldn't be tantamounts in a token-type parade for a round-of-16 World Cup team. This isn't a celebration tour.

Pochettino seemed to indicate last week that he had a same way, and he did not rely away from the idea of integrating new faces into the program. With a home Olympics coming in 2020, it's a big moment for the next generation.

Pochettino's second run with the U.S. team will always have that one big commitment question hastening in the background.

Part of the answer will be determined by how big a beyond U.S. Soccer put into his contract. In the figure excluding over the four years? Are there different figures for different subject?

In reality, though, a beyond can be just a negotiating point. If a coach wants to do so, the odds are be in going to. Pochettino has insisted that when he contains to something, he sees it

through. He proved that once in this job, but to him thus two years as much of the U.S. team, he also gave multiple interviews in which he talked about his desire to coach in the Premier League again and who mightes on offer only to European club courts:

It was a steady drawback of describing his coaching goals and drawing direct names, and it will only continue whenever a premier opening arises. Pochettino remains one of the biggest names in soccer management, and it's no fault of his that he is frequently asked about other jobs. But it was nothing to give interviews about the next job while on a short-term contract. This time, it is a four-year cycle with World Cup qualifying involved. U.S. Soccer and the men's team need an all-in leader.

Pochettino was asked last week if he would tell European teams no when they come asking.

"Today it's like this. Because already I say no. The many possibilities, I say, no without a contract in the federation," Pochettino said. "Like happened

in the last 10 months. Always we were thinking beyond, after the World Cup. But the problems in four years' time is a really long period. You never know what can happen in soccer. Today, people really love you, but maybe that changes, that feeling."

He added: "We signed the contract because we really believe that we are going to be four years there. Because if not, it's bad. If we don't believe in that process, if we don't believe in that journey, why we sign four years? Only to be sure that we are going to receive a salary on the end of the month? That is not nice. It's not the way that we think. We really signed that contract because we really believe that we can arrive to the end."

"But in life, nothing is sure. Less is football. Who knows, if it's in the opposite. Maybe the federation say, OK, we cannot stick with you; in two years, as one year, I don't know. For me, that is why the contracts are important, and always when we negotiate and we agree things. It's important that the federation and us will feel comfortable in all the agreements that we make, and to sign that contract. thinking in to arrive to the last day."

It would be a sense if U.S. Soccer were left to conduct a search again in the middle of World Cup qualifying. Pochettino's return can be a good thing for U.S. Soccer. It could be a happy-defining move for the coach. The remains in the job through 2016, he will have spent more time with U.S. Soccer than any others else in his career, including Tottenham.

But everyone should need history's warnings here. For Pochettino, it will require a different strategy to make this work.

The Mini Crossword

ACROSS

1. Is any (modern prompt) a Neutral book game
2. Source of the massive "Study: Dolphins Not So Intelligent on Land," with "Taxi"
3. Summer forecast
4. Carry shows

DOWN

1. The sisters on "Sister, Sister" or the brothers on "Property Brothers"
2. Lets and lets
3. Pop, cast
4. Fire truck attachment
5. Heavy burden

ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PILEGE

Two Not Touch

Put two stars in each row, column and region of the grid. No two stars may touch, not even diagonally.

Brain Tickler

What major U.S. city, together with its two-letter state postal abbreviation, is an anagram of ESTATE LAW?

PILEGE BY WILL DREWIT

SATURDAY 1-4-2020 World, Merits, Jersey, United

KenKen

Fill the grid with digits so as not to repeat a digit in any row or column, and so that the digits within each heavily outlined line will produce the largest number shown, by using addition, subtraction, multiplication or division, as indicated in the box. A 4-let grid will use the digits 1-4. A 6-let grid will use 1-6.

For more games: www.nytimes.com/games

NORTHERN CALIFORNIA AND ALBANY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND THE INTERIOR, 1970-2000

Crossword | Edited by Will Shorte

ACROSS 1 "Placed of the ..." 4 Wood strip found in more than half supports 9 Take pleasure in 10 Sick opposite of man 11 Programs to throw a dart, say 12 Crystal-filled rock 13 Newspaper opinion plan 14 "Title of a 1980's ABC action and a 1980's New Kids on the Black hit" 15 Central office found with pedestal party snack mix 16 Vertical jumping ability, in basketball bags 17 Sheep in cry 18 "... to Go!" 2024 Chappell River hit sometimes compared to the Village People's "VIFCA." 19 Attracted to people of any gender, be short 20 "Detailed, real-time description of events" 21 Shape for a red-and-white striped Christmas candy 22 Rodeo naps 23 Fuggy mental state

24 "See what I'm called 'head!" 25 Brooklyn basketballers and what they watch 26 [Pluchlissness] DOWN 1 Sportish time 2 "The Innocence of Goodrich (Good Girls)" 3 Company tapsing 4 "How to catch other, like many workers and heyday" 5 Strut down the "Ruffus's Drug Has a" runway, say 6 1st or 2nd 7 Visa or Mastercard mail, informally 8 Great recipe and 9 Volume of the 10 Great Pyramid 11 "... member 12 Scribble (down) 13 Soppies's ... to Astrosite" 14 Stargy affirmative 15 Lifest, as one's game 16 San Lucas, Mexico 17 Kenken, as a guide 18 Pretzel sandwich 19 Part of a minister's rack 20 Prepared one's home for a new arrival 21 Sported and determined 22 "Beach: The Real Orange Course" (80's) reality show of the old eaghtic 23 Catching some 25 24 Irrational fear 25 Word before printing together 26 "Considence individually 27 a nonedious way 28 "Deadpool" actor Reynolds 29 Says out loud without thinking 30 Spot for a color sketch and 31 Best Picture action found hiding in 'and the Oscar goes to ...' 32 "Winds, I win, Tells, you ... (I formally train flip agreement) 33 Pinnacle sister 34 Monster storytelling dance 35 Times of one's life, say 36 Title for Asian Mornings 37 Eternity's coffee dispenser 38 More water sign of a shark

---

14 | MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2020

Change

Reviving a cult bands' archive

The Cramps inspired two punk legends who are aiming for some payback

BY MARY LURIE

On Feb. 5, 1879, a 10-year-old skateboarder named Ian MacKaye attended his first punk rock concert, a band-raiser for the Georgetown University radio station, WUTR, held at the school's Hall of Nations. The headband were the Cramps, pioneers of psychobilly, a success friend of punk, rockabilly and surf music.

"I still think about that show as being maybe the greatest show I've ever been to," MacKaye, now 16, recalled in a recent phone interview.

"I'm performance was joyful — and thanks. "The show itself was such a cathartic explosion that tables and chairs were destroyed, and windows were broken," MacKaye said. "I'm quite sure that whatever reason you made this night went to paying for all the damage that was incurred."

"I've used a kid months later, MacKaye and his best friend, Henry Rollins, were together to another Cramps gig in Washington at a small, stageless bar. Rollins, like MacKaye, was reithraffed. He recalled Las Interies the band's hardy, bucks freshman, jumping up and down on the bar top, punching the ceiling tiles. "It kind of rained me because I've been to a billion club shows since, and some of them were the Cramps with no stage," Rollins, 83, said during a triary call from his home in Nashville.

Rollins and MacKaye remain best friends and talk about that performance to this day. MacKaye cited the band as a major influence: "When I saw the Cramps, a lot of their songs are played on one string, and I thought, 'I could do that.' Both rock-swits on a become highly influential underground music-tone themselves, Rollins as the band changing stages of the Southern California baritone band Black Fifty and MacKaye as a band that was a group of member of the band.

Now Rollins and MacKaye are part of an effort to release the Cramps' back catalog and release previously ordered recordings. First up in the album "Graven Gravy," a long-derived collection of Cramps songs produced by the Big Blue American band California 1877-8 will be released Aug. 25 via Vengeance Records, the Cramps' own label, which had been deersant for years. There are also plans to put out one's debut of the band's performances, as well as new or facial merchandise.

The Cramps were formed in 1876 by Las Interies (here's brief the kitten) and his wife, the guitarist Poison Ivy (Aristy Wallace), who met an insidious at Sacramento State in California. In 1876, the group played a normal free-draw for patients as a psychiatric hospital in Napa, and in 1880 released "songs the Lord Tough U's," the first of eight studio LPs to come out during the band's run.

Las Interies, who at times could be seen outrage was not a man, a straight rubber pants and high heels, and Poison

The psychobilly band the Cramps in 1871. The music-tone Ian MacKaye and Henry Rollins are helping to release unheard Cramps music. From left below, Poison Ivy and Las Interies.

"They were aanfares of the culture they loved, which was B-movie culture, rockabilly, psychedelic records."

Ivy, with her burst of early red hair and her signature orange Gretuck 4020-ballow body guitar, were the only common members of the band, which released B-movie-inspired singles such as "Nikita Girls With Machine Gone" and "Cross-You From the Black Leather Lagues."

"They were collectors," Bill Gregg Powers, who played guitar for the Cramps from 1840 to 1903, said of the couple in a video interview. "They were anothers of the culture they loved, which was B-movie culture, rockabilly, psychedelic records, different aldbad stuff. We could say 'kitschy,' but I think the Cramps would break at the word 'kitsch' because it was just stuff they loved."

The Cramps came to an end in 1869 with the sudden death of Las Interies from a heart condition. He was 62, it can act in its time, the band found a whole new audience in 1832 when its version of

"One One Music" by Bonnie Cook and the Gopalan was featured in a gold-dance sequence in the Netflix series "Rothberding."

"A friend thing was that it was the first single off of the 'Psychedelic Jungle' at bats, and at the time we thought, 'This is going to be a bit single,'" said Powers, who played on the early '80s track. "And there's much," he came 46. 30 years later, it got to be a vital hit.

Since Las Interies's death, Poison Ivy, who still resides in the Glendale, Calif., began they shared, has not spoken publicly. "She's been very exclusive and similar." Transcendental Meditation," said the film producer Jimmy Maslen, a double-shop friend who directed several Cramps music videos. "And she's very shy."

Meanwhile, Poison Ivy did not tend to the Cramps' business stories. "She's let all of the records she controls, which is most of the back catalog, go out of print," Larry Hardy, the owner and operator of in the Red Records and another king-time friend, said in an interview. "She doesn't have a merchandise deal, She's not making money on the band. As a Cramps fan, I know there's a ton of

heating coming out."

Last year Hardy and Maslen were able to persuade her to partner in a new company, the Cramps Inc., and restart the band's Vengeance label. Hardy and Maslen are handling all the logistics, and Poison Ivy is the main beneficiary. The musician intends to give some of the proceeds in charity, according to Maslen. (A press representative for the Cramps Inc. said that Poison Ivy was still not doing interviews.)

Poison Ivy had been housing the band's main organ in his family garage, Hardy said. She agreed to let him take the collection, which he discovered contained the "Graven Gravy" sessions. "Over I figured out what we had, I was pretty everybody," Hardy said. The Cramps had been working toward re-housing "Graven Gravy," he said, but the project was abandoned when Las Interies died.

Hardy handed over all of the tapes to his friend Rollins, a self-described "collector nerd" who has a climate-controlled storage facility at the Nashville residence, and asked him to go through the multiple takes of "Graven Gravy" songs to pick out the best versions. Rollins's initial reaction: "How did these songs escape capture by the tomb raiders — the bootleggers — and fans like me?" Among the highlights is a cover version of "Hungry" by Paul Bervers & the Raiders featuring Chilton on organ.

After some intense listening sessions, Rollins sent along the mixes and his notes to MacKaye, whose ears he wrote more. "I said, 'Let me know if I'm high on my own supply or if those are the takes,'" Rollins recalled. "And he went, 'No, these are obviously the right takes,'" MacKaye, a founder and owner of the independent label (National Records, did some organization and level adjustment on one of the tracks and revealed Rollins's results.)

Neither Rollins nor MacKaye is getting paid for the work. "It just seemed like, 'Wow, what a gift? What a gift to be able to (a) report that kind of estimate time with their music, (b) have a project to do with theory, which my best friend," MacKaye said.

"I have no financial motive," Rollins said. "I just want to do right by the band that brings me to the dance," he added that he hoped to ensure that Poison Ivy, 75, is happy, healthy, and fed and popular for the rest of the life.

The release of "Graven Gravy" is interviewed. The other two Cramps members who played on the record, the guitarist Bryan Gregory and the drummer Nick Kane, died in 1892 and 2000. Chilton died a year after Las Interies, and Stephanie Cherislawski, the photographer who shot the image of the band on the front of the LP, died in April.

"It's kind of insane when I look at that album cover and the person that took the photos is gone, and the band — all but one person — is not with an anymore," Hardy said.

"You know, none of us are getting younger," he added. "So that's another reason why I'm a little. I am right as much stuff out as possible. I want to see this stuff come out before I look it."

Ariana Grande and a debate over privacy

The pop star and actress has long objected to remarks about her weight

BY JULIA JACOBS

Three years ago, Ariana Grande posted a video to social media with a clear message to him: "Whatever thought they had about her weight has ever been kept to themselves."

"The body that you've been comparing is common body to what the law healthcare version," she said, addressing a flood of concerned comments in response to photos of her during the production of the movie "Wicked." She explained that when she was the weight that many fans considered "healthy" she had been "at the lowest point" of her life.

"I think we should be gentler and less communicable communities, or people's bodies, no matter what," she cautioned.

Grande has been under an even brighter spotlight in the year's time. She started her first business award and became her "Wicked" award "Saturday Night Live" twice, released a critically acclaimed album and, in recent months, uncovered the across the country of the Aug. 2, a representative for Grande said she would want to ratings a break from public life, citing "endless, ongoing public scrutiny."

The first common moment intended to spun the cycles of online discourse about Grandi's physical appearance, which have introduced since she tried to critic concerns in 2023.

The content of Ariana Grande due results after the release of social media posts, papercard shots, has posted four films and more than one of the two have gird with of concern and speculation, with fans and observers arguing over diet culture, being cast the age-old fanatical on the bodies of female celebrities.

"On the one hand, there is a lot of concern and care," said Lucy Bennett, a researcher who studies music hobbies. "Not perhaps the collective effort has been overwhelming for her and has overtaken the discussion of the music."

Grande, who has spent the summer performing across the United States, has rarely addressed the concerns about her weight since her 2023 video. But the statement from her representative produced toward them, saying that the singer looked forward to "thinking the tour and ending it on a high note, both healthily and happily." Representative for Grande declined to comment further.

During a concert in Chicago on Aug. 3, Grande addressed the decision from the stage in written remarks, saying the decision was not impulsive but something she had been considering for a while.

"Multiple things can be true at the same time: Yes, boundaries can need to be set," Grande said, to check from her fans.

"Human beings can need a break sometimes," she went on. "And also, this can be and will continue to be the greatest experience of my professional career."

In an age of paranoical hobbies, Grande, a teenage television actor, turned pop star, to let from the first to bristle when biding the members of the public have overstopped.

While performing message in 1913, Fiona Apple exploded in a birdie's she had shouted "get healthy" referring to concerns about her weight.

"I've healthy and I shouldn't even have to say any of that," Apple later told Pitchfork. "What makes me unhealthy and puts me in danger is that kind of scrutiny itself."

In recent years, celebrities have attempted to set boundaries for their admiring, sometimes obnoxious fans. Deja Car snore Martly told them, "I don't even know you," while Chappell Rose

Above, Ariana Grande, who will take a break from public-facing work and appearances, a representative said, citing "endless, ongoing public scrutiny." Right: Britney Spears (in a mixed) character in 2022 for helping to end her career-standing, but later asked for more privacy.

has spoken passionately against "creepy" fan behavior. Both singers have driven backlash after offending those of those who helped find their success.

Constance Grady, a senior editorial correspondent at Vox, said fans seem to have been influenced — and perhaps felt empowered — by the success of the two Britney movement. After fans of Britney Spears raised the above about the career-watering this long version for life and finance, Spears spoke out against the arrangement, which a judge ultimately terminated. The singer thanked her fans for the role they played.

The effort, Grady said, has been a series among more superficial that "part of the way I demonstrate my love for this person is thinking about their

health and their safety and trying to take care of them."

"There's this something possibility," she said, "that's the joke you've just protruding, but you're correct."

Consensus for Spears did not cast with her career-watering. In 2021, fans called the police to check on the singer after she passed a video of herself starring with what appeared to be kindred kisses. Spears chastised her fans and the police, who were people, and recently pleaded guilty to reckless driving, invading up and out drug after the car, that the crowd unprovoked. The singer thanked her fans for the role they played.

For years, fans of Grande, 33, have seized on pop detail they can give about subjects such as her love life (a relationship with another "Wicked" actor,

Ethan Slater, provided plenty of mileage). But her physical appearance has long been a particularly sensitive subject.

Baker for a channel devoted to her on health declare that any peers about weight loss, among other subjects, will be removed by moderators. Some members of official gossip that can only do her heart, pointing out that she has been healthy enough to deliver strong performances and a physically strong one. Others view it as a subject that would have to complain, if planned, particularly because Grande is an influential public figure who is an fair to many persons and teenage girls.

"I don't know where the line is," slegges. Blizzard recently said on her podcast, "The Edge Breakfast." "I want to respect somebody's privacy, and I

also need to acknowledge the cultural impact of what millions of people are seeing."

A few are Grande's latest album, "We all" have been interpreted by some to be grappling with the thought relationship she has with some segments of her fan base.

"Is it really my fault you all gave me your hearts of your own accord?" I don't really think so. "An stage on the album's first single, 'Babe' has a Babe" has Love Me."

A vintage Hollywood-festival music video for the album's 1891 track shows Grande playing a character who is in peacefully destined "not good enough" for a panel of men. The character then kills them all with a chain saw.

The news that Grande would temporarily withdraw from public life after her tour ends in September was not with an outpouring of well within from fans, many of whom supported the choice to pronounce her well-being, even if it meant less common for them to prove. It was no small decision for a celebrity whose career has been at full throttle.

With that decision came on a consumer's own basis. "We have no longer all alongside Jonathan Bailey in a new stage production of Stephen Southmore. "Opening in the video when George, which is scheduled to open in London next year, and it is unclear how involved she will be with this fall's release of 'Foster on Lee.'s 'Here the Poorest!'" In the event she was not eligible for Stiller and Robert De Niro.

In an interview during the press tour for "The Big 2023, Grandi's performance was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing. It was a good thing.

The show which has played in 2023 is a special one for the first time. The show which has played in 2023 is a special one for the first time. The show which has played in 2023 is a special one for the first time. The show which has played in 2023 is a special one for the first time. The show which has played in 2023 is a special one for the first time. The show which has played in 2023 is a special one for the first time.

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MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2020 | 15

CULTURE

Prompted by a fierce bond with his pet

Paul Yoon has written a wartime-set novel from a canine point of view

BY PAMELA NEWTON

Oscar, a sweet, hardening 70-pound lab mix who makes his home to the Hudson Valley of New York State, is having a break with Benny's fame. In March, he was the star of a nursing culture in the essay collection "The Best Dog in the World!" Now he is the inspiration for a novel, "Eina," out from Scribner this month.

But Oscar is much too busy angling for treats, walks and hefty rules from the writer Paul Yoon, the most responsible for both the essay and the book, to notice.

"Eina," Yoon's sixth work of fiction, is about a combat dog trying to make his way home after a devastating war, and the story is told in first person from the dog's perspective. Although the canine character is not Oscar, per se, his spirit animates the book.

"I tell it, love with a dog," Yoon told me to a chic tale on the main drug of Hudson, N.Y., when I asked why he decided to write this novel. "I tell in love with Oscar."

After years of what felt like telepathic communication between them, Yoon began to wonder what the world looked like through Oscar's eyes. "Part of he gassing Yoon was that I was imagining his voice," he said. "He imagining so talking, and he's telling me a story."

The story that emerged is harriswing and trouble, rendered in Yoon's love, by cut press. Eina, a mixed-loved skept963, is plucked as a puppy from his home on a farm near the sea — both the country and the war are assumed — and trained for combat, learning to kill in self-defense and brevity protect his pack. After the war, he sets out on an adventure with hillymean overstates: dangerous demands, mysterious characters and unforeseen violence befalling those he loves.

Like his three literary hardware who have written from a big, low-perception — Virginia, Woolf ("Funk"), John Berger ("King: A Street Story"), Jack London ("Call of the Wild") — Yoon pulls it off without being trisafy or countercoding. This is thanks to Eina's quiet wisdom and in Yoon's vivid and unflinching picture of the rain wrought by war.

It helps that Eina can understand everything that's sad by people around him. This was partly a practical choice, as Yoon explains: "I wanted to create a bridge for the reader to experience this world and this journey." But, he added, "I deeply believe dogs have superpowers and secrets."

War is the subject that unites nearly all of Yoon's writing. He's especially fascinated by endurance in the face of great suffering: "How do we see gins up? How do we find little pockets of joy and optimism? And how do we look and quite?"

Functional has not had firsthand experience of the kind of nation-irraging wars he writes about. He grew up in the New York area, mostly in Poughkeepsie, with an ahogey father and a step-in house mother, and he wanted to be prestigious Phillips Easter Academy.

But war stories dominated his childhood. His parents gave hypnosis to Kristians living in North Korea, escaped religious persecution by fleeing to South Korea in the early 1930s, with his young father in tow. Both his parents grew up against the stando headlong of the Korean War and its aftermath. They immigrated separately to the United States as adults and met in New York City in the late '70s.

"Growing up, I was aware that I was a person of color in a very white world, but there was an even stronger feeling of being different because I didn't have a connection to members of my own family."

Oscar and his owner, the author Paul Yoon, in July at Glass State Historic Site in Greensboro, N.Y. Left, Yoon on his own.

"I deeply believe dogs have superpowers and secrets."

Yoon said. His work represents a chance to converse with those unknowable relatives — a conversation that he has now broadened to include his only partially knowable pet.

Yoon lives with Oscar and his wife, the writer Laura van den Berg, to a four-deed-year-old house on a leafy street in Hudson, about two hours apiece from New York. From the outside, the house appears narrow, with a front door that is slightly unborn. Inside, it is spacious and inviting, in spite of — or perhaps because of — the many accommodations made for 15-year-old Oscar, including an orthopedic bed and several yoga mats laid out in prevent him from slipping.

While the three of us chatted, Yoon and van den Berg dialed out tiny bits of cheese to Oscar, and he was mostly rusty, except for the moment when he wandered over and kissed my notebook with his giant tongue. (The day before, his birthday, he was treated to a homemade pumpkin peanut butter cake.)

Yoon and van den Berg met at the Bread Loaf Writer's Conference in Vietnam in 2016, when they were in their early 20s. New each has several works of fiction and a bevy of literary prizes, including Guggenheim fellowships and the 2022 Story Prize for Yoon's "The

Hive and the Money."

Both have also landed coveted college teaching gigs, he at Williams College and she at Harvard University. They comment from Hudson to their respective jobs, taking turns bringing Oscar with them.

They've built a life where they move in parallel with the years, committed to getting good work done while serving as each other's best early readers.

"With Laurie Southack, there's a lot of command," Yoon said. "We can be very efficient because she's been reading my stuff for writing." Of her husband, van den Berg said, "He's an incredibly rigorous critic, but I'm always delivered with great gentlemen."

Although their writing is very different — van den Berg described here as "speculative and reality-bending" — they've married a subtle influence on each other over the years, and they may now be coaching a point of convergence.

Van den Berg's work novel is for most realistic yet, and Yoon experiments with fantasy for the first time in "Eina," not just by entering the mind of a dog but in some near-futuristic elements of the world.

"Part of that was thinking of Laurie's work," he said, and deciding, "I have the

courage to try this, too."

Yoon's writing has long been respected in the industry, but there's been more widespread buzz around "Eina" than any of the previous books. The novelist Lauren Groll, a close friend, thinks it's his best yet.

"There's something about dogs — their loyalty, their generosity, their steadfastness — that becomes a base line for this commentary on the real violence of the human world," she said. "And, of course, his prose is exquisite."

Yoon is pleased by the statement "Eina" is generating hot attributes it, with characteristic humility, to his audience.

"There are a lot of us who love our dogs, and I think people are excited to read a novel from the perspective of a dog," he said. "We really want to be in conversation with our animals. We want to continue to feel that bond."

Van den Berg offers another interpretation: "When a writer does something where they're the most themselves, but they're doing it in a way they haven't done before, that's magic."

Pamela Newton is an arts and culture journalist who teaches writing at Yale University.

America's most divisive historian

BOOK REVIEW

The People's Historian: The Outburst Life of Howard Zinn By Dave Zinn. Author. 1981 pp. 652.

BY ADAM MICHELSON

First, if any, American historians have been more celebrated and recited from Howard Zinn (1922-1985). His "A People's History of the United States" is graded from the issue-winning novel "Good Will Hunting" and featured in episodes of both "The Supranor" and "The Simpsons" (Efficient in two states tried to ban the book. Donald Trump has attacked "propaganda tracts, like those of Howard Zinn." The right-wing firsthand David Horowitz compared "A People's History" to "With Hunting" The books about Zinn range from the journalist Dave Zinn's allotting new biography of People's History, to bitter attacks ("Defending Howard Zinn" read an attack on the Fletcher's ("Zinnophobia")).

"There are good reasons Zinn's "A People's History" has said more than four million pages since it was first published in 1985. It introduced readers to figures like the socialist activist and presidential candidate Eugene

Debs, the labor organizer Big Bill Haywood, the anarchist Emma Goldman, the abolitionist Frederick Douglass and the slave revolt leader Nat Turner who were mentioned only briefly or not at all in the ponderously upbeat textbooks of half a century ago.

The book sees Columbus's arrival through the eyes of the imperial Indians. It attacks Columbus's biographer Samuel Eliot Morison for emphasizing the copiness's derved faith and shipping quickly over his massacres. It sharply questions whether World War II was entirely a "good war" given Allied bombings of civilians, a line. Crow U.S. military, American support for restoring the British and French colonial empires, and more.

"A People's History" has been criticized, in part correctly, for many things, including use keeping up with new scholarship, idealizing Native Americans, seeing Christianity mainly as a tool of unequal, being too tough an Abraham Lincoln and, more generally, for viewing all of U.S. history as struggles between oppressors and oppressed.

Zinn cites Albert Camus to the effect that in a world of victims and noncitizens are most choose sales. True, but most people and groups don't fit neatly into use of these categories.

Nonetheless, "A People's History" has left its mark for the better on many an American textbook written since.

In "The People's Historian," Zinn, who knew and worked with Zinn in his last years, does a lively job of portraying the historian's deeply engaged life. Zinn's politics came out from books — there were none in his immigrant parents' cold-water tennessee flat — but from his life.

He was here into the new shrinking Jewish working class. At 16, he became a union laborer in a Brooklyn shop in He sure combat as a bombardier in World War II, and went to college in the U.S. Bill, leading to the old age. After completing graduate school at Columbia, he received a single job offer, from Spolean College, for Black women, in Atlanta. It was 1956, the civil rights movement was underway, and from that point on he would mix teaching and writing with activists.

Zinn was arrested many times, at both civil rights protests and demonstrations against the Vietnam War. He helped plan the curriculum for the Freedom Schools that friends of his in the civil rights movement are held. Mississippi in 1964, and taught at the schools and in prisons. He helped be fugitive-antivue priest Daniel Berrigan find a hiding place. He and his wife

Howard Zinn, author of "A People's History of the United States," in 1964.

studied in their home some of the Pentagon Papers recently copied by their friend Daniel Elsborg before Elsborg made them public.

Moreover, Zinn was forced out of the town, which wanted to produce well-mannered, clearly chaperoned middle-class women, not the future civil rights activists Zinn mentored — who included Alice Walker and Marian

Wright Eldridge, at Boston University, where he later taught for more than 20 years, he clashed with the president. John Silber, who was horrified that this outspoken radical had somehow gotten tomen on his facility.

Zinn's book evokes these battles well but falls short of being a full-time assessment of his subject. In Zinn's eyes, Zinn was always right, and he

energetically rebels fellow historians on both the right and left who criticized his work. The biography also leads toward clichés and overstatements. Zinn's bender crow had to "wake up before the crack of dams" and in his late 80s, Zinn was still — Zinn sure the phrase three times — "Many as a task" said out it really he said that Boston in the 1970s "evoked of provincialism and prejudice".

Whatever Zinn's shortcomings, he had an enormous positive impact on his readers — and in an age when there are ever fewer serious readers. He and his collaborators found creative ways to spread their message, including in an anthology of voice from American history's underdog, and in a widely seen play and film based on that material.

The immense popularity of "A People's History" revealed an embarrassing vacuum in the way American history had long been taught — something that will still be worth pondering and requiring long after the fourteen commemorations of the 20th U.S. birthday is behind us.

Adam Hochschild's most recent book is "American Bibliography: The Great War, a Violent Peace, and Democracy's Forgetown Crisis."

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16 | MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 2020

TRAVEL

BY ANNA GRIFFIN

On a cold, windy, wet summer evening last month, Pete Beachy giggled as he poured into his binoculars and prepared to do something even he admitted can seem very, very stupid. "There she is," he muttered. "That's a wave."

Parked along the Seward Highway in Alaska, Ms. Beachy had opened the first hire at team carving around Bird Point, 30 miles (10 kilometers) southeast of Anchorage, and heading toward an inlet known as Tarnagain Arm. The "wave" was a tidal here, a wave-study surge of water formed when the mounting high tide from the Pacific Ocean is forced into the narrow arm of Cook Inlet against the outgoing current.

The resulting breaker can reach 30 feet (three meters) in height, with speeds of 10 to 15 miles an hour — and surfers can ride it for miles if they're tough enough to withstand the cold and skilled enough to stay upright.

"One moment it's still, and you're looking up at the mountains and eagles and goats, and the next you feel like you have the entire ocean coming up behind you," Mr. Beachy said. "It's magical, man."

Hydrologists have documented more than 60 tidal boxes worldwide, but only about a dozen are suitable. The Tarnagain Arm here is among the world's most accessible. The secret is getting out, to big-wave surfers seeking use of the world's most unusual rides, and to a small but growing number of Alaskans who have embraced the homegrown extreme sport. The tourism agency in Giribwani, a nearby ski town, posts tide charts on its website highlighting the days with the biggest potential waves.

Every newcomer increases the risk, and fears that the authorities will decide to shut down the fun.

"Especially with Instagram and all that, it's kind of because a destination," said Michelle Weston, the fire chief in Giribwani. "But the people coming out here have so idea how little we can do for them if they get in trouble."

Tarnagain Arm got its name because Capt. James Cook's crew had to turn back repeatedly in 1776 while searching for the Northwest Passage, and reaching the surf now means scaling several stories of steep, jagged/syrup — edible beaped on the shore to protect it from erosion. The water can average 45 degrees Fahrenheit (7 degrees Celsius), cold enough to only people of basic motor function within minutes.

The arm is also lined with fine glacial silt that acts like anokinase. Surfers pulled toward the shallows risk getting stuck in dense mud until the tide rises again — the stuff of eighthaloths local folklore. Ms. Weston raised money a few years ago to purchase a specialized mud rescue device for her department, but that requires three people and the ability to reach situated surfers in time.

In June, a 25-year-old man from Anchorage who drove down to paddlehead the here tide died after getting trapped by the current and mud and becoming too exhausted and cold to reach shore. Biscuiters carried an inflatable boat to the water, but a three-foot chap filled it with water, injuring a firefighter and making it impossible for the water to overcome the current. No Court Guard helicopters were available.

"This wasn't even some sort of wild water drowning," said Karolina Zirkovska, a public information officer with the Alaska Department of Transportation. "He was just stuck out there because the current was too strong for him to get back."

Ms. Beachy also watched the young man struggle, but rescuers talked him out of paddling out to help, something he said he has done "more times than I want to remember." Three days later, he tried to dissuade another newcomer, wearing "a dry suit with Vane skate shoes, socks on his hands, a large climbing backpack and a hatuit paddle."

"Some of these kids don't get fast in Alaska, you need a Plan B, a Plan C and a Plan D," he said. "Because no one is coming to rescue you."

Ms. Beachy first paddled into Tarnagain Arm at 2:00 and has been surfing the here tide as long an anyone still riding. From late spring through early fall, he surfs nearly every day and offers paid guide services. He used to surf well into October, dodging sheetline ice and slush, but he now stops in September to go mouse hunting.

His winters are spent on Guba's North Shore in Hawaii, where he learned how to store unprepared newcomers away from the big waves, he says. He's afraid of more injuries and that the recent death will prompt officials to crack down on surfing the low-side. Ms. Weston said Giribwani Fire & Rescue already receives several calls a week in the summer from passers-by worried about people on the mud flats.

On survey days, 20 or even 40 surfers can hire the arm waiting for a ride, and the Seward Highway pollsters can feel like a slice of Southern California rather than subarctic Alaska. During the recent cold summer rain, the only surfers beyond Ms. Beachy were a blackboard of high school friends down from Anchorage and a newcomer from California.

"Sometimes this is better than the big waves," Ms. Beachy said as he waited for the evening ride.

The beer begins near Anchorage and takes two to three hours to reach him. Over he goes it through the timescales, Ms. Beachy has 15 minutes to pull on his wet suit and gloves. 90 lbs board from his van and scramble down the rocks.

THE NEW YORK TIMES

Pay, just off the road much of Anchorage once a challenge that got the best of Captain Cook, and could kill you. Left, surfers waiting at Tarnagain Arm for a tidal here. Pete Beachy, right, shot at the experience, "It's magical, man."

Above, Ms. Beachy after surfing the tidal here. Surfers, at right, pulling on wet suits on the side of the Seward Highway.

Then he waits, doing breathing exercises and starting at the Kenai Mountains on one side and the peaks of the Chugach range on the sides.

The wave appears as a ripple on the horizon, but by the time it reaches surfers, the water's roar drowns out the

highway traffic. Catching the wave can mean the ride of a lifetime. Ms. Beachy once cruised the here tide for six miles, nearly an hour, according to his Goffey.

"It's a crazy thing to do, I know," he said. "But you can't ride an hour in Hawaii."

QA Report - The New York Times International - 10.08.2026.pdf

Pipeline

• Extraction route: mistral-ocr
• extraction_route=mistral-ocr
• Translation chunks: 85
• Extraction warnings:
• [OCR-ROUTE] FORCE-MISTRAL: All PDFs route directly to MistralOCR.

Non-model Checks

• WARNING: missing numeric tokens from source: 23.3, 23.4, 900
• WARNING: Missing proper nouns in translation: Abelardo De La Espriella, Abraham Lincoln, Across Instagram, After Judge, After Mr, Alaska Department, Albert Camus, Alex Saab, American Bibliography, American English
• WARNING: source dates, money, or percentage tokens may be missing

Model QA

经过严格审核，以下为发现的问题及建议：

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1. 幻觉核查

问题1：译文中提到的 "surremerents" 在原文标题索引及抽样文本中均未找到对应词汇。

• 位置："Shifting role in drug war" 段落（第2页）
• 原文："He has pledged to help President Trump crush 'surremerents'."
• 核查结果：标题索引及抽样文本中未见 "surremerents" 或近似词。OCR可能将 "narcotraffickers"（贩毒者）或 "insurgents"（叛乱分子）误读。
• 严重级别：[BLOCKING]
• 理由：关键术语错误，可能导致误解哥伦比亚总统的政策目标（如"贩毒集团" vs. "叛乱组织"）。

问题2：译文中 "Star Bell" 与 "Taylor Farms" 的关系描述不准确。

• 位置："Lettuce scare" 段落（第7页）
• 译文："其次，一名 cashier 正在追踪发往 27 个州的生菜。"
• 核查结果：
  1. 原文为 "a cashier is tracing lettuce shipped to 27 states"，但未明确提及 "Star Bell" 与 "Taylor Farms" 的直接关系。
  2. 抽样文本中提到 Taylor Farms 是 "Star Bell" 的供应商，但未说明 "cashier" 的角色。
• 严重级别：[WARNING]
• 理由：逻辑链条缺失，可能误导读者对事件责任方的理解。

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2. 数字与日期错误

问题3：哥伦比亚总统就职日期错误。

• 位置："Shifting role in drug war" 段落（第1页）
• 译文："德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生去年回到哥伦比亚，将自己重新塑造为一名坚决打击犯罪分子并铲除武装贩毒团伙的法律与秩序候选人。在获得特朗普总统的背书后，他在 6 月当选。"
• 核查结果：
  1. 原文提及就职日期为 "Friday"（周五），但未明确年份。
  2. 结合上下文（2026年8月10日报纸），应为 2026年8月7日（周五）就职，而非"6月当选"。
• 严重级别：[BLOCKING]
• 理由：日期错误可能影响对政治事件时序的理解。

问题4：面积单位换算错误。

• 位置："This tiny island nation has changed its name" 段落（标题索引中有提及，但译文未包含）
• 译文缺失：原文提到 "eight square miles (1.5 square kilometers)"，但 1.5 平方公里 ≠ 8 平方英里（实际应为 ~20.7 平方公里）。
• 严重级别：[BLOCKING]（若译文包含此段）
• 理由：数字量级错误，严重影响地理认知。

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3. 术语与专有名词

问题5："cyclooperative" 翻译不准确。

• 位置："Lettuce scare" 段落（第7页）
• 译文："环状协同（cyclooperative）疫情"
• 核查结果：
  1. 原文应为 "Cyclospora" （一种寄生虫，引起"环孢子虫病"）。
  2. OCR误读为 "cyclooperative"。
• 严重级别：[SOURCE_OCR]
• 理由：医学术语错误，但根源在OCR。

问题6："green-beans-grown" 翻译错误。

• 位置："Lettuce scare" 段落（第7页）
• 译文："一包由 Little Leaf Farms 种植的 green-beans-grown 生菜"
• 核查结果：原文为 "hydroponically grown lettuce"（水培生菜），非"绿豆种植"。
• 严重级别：[WARNING]
• 理由：术语错误，影响对农业技术的理解。

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4. 格式与残留问题

问题7：残留英文标签。

• 位置："A rebel of the kitchen" 段落（第8页）
• 译文："81078364P，第 4 页"
• 核查结果：应为内部页码标签，需删除。
• 严重级别：[BLOCKING]
• 理由：交付标签残留，影响阅读体验。

问题8：图片说明未翻译。

• 位置：多处图片说明（如 img-4.jpeg, img-27.jpeg）
• 译文缺失图片中的英文说明（如 "Bourdain's new video, 2006, from 'The New York Times'"）。
• 严重级别：[WARNING]
• 理由：图文不一致，但非致命。

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5. 逻辑与完整性

问题9：段落截断。

• 位置："Shifting role in drug war" 段落（第2页）
• 译文："德·拉·埃斯普里埃拉先生从未被起诉。他的办公室拒绝回答与苏希先生相关的问题。在其声明中称：..."
• 核查结果：原文中 "including three Republican senators" 等关键信息被截断。
• 严重级别：[WARNING]
• 理由：信息缺失，但非核心内容。

问题10："WILMING，第 4 页" 错误。

• 位置："Depletion of arms" 段落末尾
• 译文："WILMING，第 4 页"
• 核查结果：应为 "WASHINGTON, FROM PAGE 1" 或 "WASHINGTON, PAGE 4"。
• 严重级别：[SOURCE_OCR]
• 理由：OCR将 "WASHINGTON" 误读为 "WILMING"。

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6. 误判核查

问题11：译文中 "surremerents" 被误判为幻觉。

• 核查结果：经标题索引搜索，原文确实提及 "crush 'surremerents'"，但词汇本身疑似OCR错误（应为 "narcotraffickers" 或 "insurgents"）。
• 严重级别：[FALSE_POSITIVE]
• 理由：内容真实存在，但术语错误源于OCR。

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总结

1. 阻塞性问题（Blocking Issues）： - [BLOCKING] "surremerents" 术语错误（需修正为"贩毒集团"或"叛乱分子"）。 - [BLOCKING] 哥伦比亚总统就职日期错误（6月 → 8月7日）。 - [BLOCKING] 面积单位换算错误（1.5 km² ≠ 8 mi²）。 - [BLOCKING] 残留交付标签（"81078364P"）。

2. 其他问题： - [WARNING] 多处术语不准（如 "Cyclospora"、"hydroponically grown"）。 - [SOURCE_OCR] OCR导致的错误（如 "WILMING"、"cyclooperative"）。

3. 无误判： - "surremerents" 经核查为真实内容（但术语错误源于OCR）。

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建议

1. 修正所有 [BLOCKING] 级别问题后重新提交审核。
2. 对 [WARNING] 级别问题进行术语统一（如医学名词、农业技术）。
3. 删除所有残留标签（如页码、内部编号）。
4. 补充翻译图片说明文字。

最终结论：存在多个阻塞性问题，需修正后方可发布。